Flashcards
276 - Pressure-Volume Loops and Cardiac Cycle (add on)
Cards in this deck (42)
- 1What is the first phase of the left ventricle?Isovolumetric contraction—period
between mitral valve closing and aortic
valve opening; period of highest O2
consumption - 2Describe the Isovolumetric contraction phase of the left ventricle?1) Isovolumetric contraction—period
between mitral valve closing and aortic
valve opening; period of highest O2
consumption - 3Which phase of the left ventricle has the highest O2 consumption?Isovolumetric contraction—period
between mitral valve closing and aortic
valve opening; period of highest O2
consumption - 4What is the second phase of the left ventricle?Systolic ejection—period between aortic
valve opening and closing - 5What is the third phase of the left ventricle?Isovolumetric relaxation—period between
aortic valve closing and mitral valve
opening - 6What is the fourth phase of the left ventricle?Rapid filling—period just after mitral
valve opening - 7What is the fifth stage of the left ventricle?Reduced filling—period just before mitral
valve closing - 8Describe the Systolic ejection phase of the left ventricle?2) Systolic ejection—period between aortic
valve opening and closing - 9Describe the Isovolumetric relaxation phase of the left ventricle?3) Isovolumetric relaxation—period between aortic valve closing and mitral valve opening
- 10Describe the rapid filling phase of the left ventricle?4) Rapid filling—period just after mitral
valve opening - 11Describe the reduced filling phase of the left ventricle?Reduced filling—period just before mitral
valve closing - 12Heart sounds: Where is the S1 loudest?S1—mitral and tricuspid valve closure. Loudest at mitral area.
- 13Heart sounds. What sound is described below? Mitral and tricuspid valve closureS1
- 14Heart sounds. What sound is described below? Aortic and pulmonary valve closure.S2
- 15Heart sounds. What sound is described below? Loudest at left upper sternal border.S2
- 16Heart sounds. What sound is described below? Loudest at mitral areaS1
- 17Heart sounds. What sound is described below? In early diastole during rapid ventricular filling phaseS3
- 18Heart sounds. What sound is described below? Associated with increased filling pressuresS3
- 19Heart sounds. What sound is described below? Associated with mitral regurgitaion, HFS3
- 20Heart sounds. What sound is described below? More common in dilated ventriclesS3
(but can be normal in children and young adults) - 21Heart sounds. What sound is described below? In late diastole (“atrial kick”)S4
- 22Heart sounds. What sound is described below? Best heard at apex with patient in left lateral decubitus position.S4
- 23Heart sounds. What sound is described below? High atrial pressure.S4
- 24Heart sounds. What sound is described below? Associated with ventricular noncomplianceS4
- 25Heart sounds. What sound is described below? Associated with hypertrophyS4
- 26Heart sounds. What sound is described below? Left atrium must push against stiff LV wall.S4
- 27Heart sounds. What sound is described below? Consider abnormal, regardless of patient age.S4
- 28Heart sounds: Where is S2 loudest?Loudest at left upper sternal border.
- 29Heart sounds: Where is S4 best heard?Best heard at apex with patient in left lateral decubitus position.
- 30Describe S1 heart sounds.S1—mitral and tricuspid valve closure. Loudest at mitral area.
- 31Describe S2 heart sound.S2—aortic and pulmonary valve closure.
Loudest at left upper sternal border. - 32Describe S3 heart sound.S3
- 33Describe S4 heart sound.S4 - in late diastole (“atrial kick”). Best heard
at apex with patient in left lateral decubitus
position. High atrial pressure. Associated with
ventricular noncompliance (eg, hypertrophy).
Left atrium must push against stiff LV wall.
Consider abnormal, regardless of patient age. - 34Jugular venous pulse Describe (a)(a) wave - atrial contraction. Absent in atrial
fibrillation (AF). - 35Jugular venous pulse Describe (c)(c) wave—RV contraction (closed tricuspid valve bulging into atrium).
- 36Jugular venous pulse Describe (x)(x) descent—downward displacement of closed tricuspid valve during rapid ventricular ejection phase. Reduced or absent in tricuspid regurgitation and right HF because pressure gradients are reduced.
- 37Jugular venous pulse Describe (v)(v) wave—increased right atrial pressure due to filling (“villing”) against closed tricuspid valve.
- 38Jugular venous pulse Describe (y)(y) descent—RA emptying into RV. Prominent in constrictive pericarditis, absent in cardiac tamponade.
- 39JVP. Which is absent in atrial fibrillation?(a) wave
- 40JVP. Which is reduced or absent in tricuspid regurgitation and right HF? Why?(x) decent - Reduced or absent in tricuspid regurgitation and right HF because pressure gradients are reduced.
- 41JVP. Which is absent in cardiac tamponade?(y) decent
- 42JVP. Which is prominent in constructive pericarditis?(y) decent
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- User has deleted their subject information Flashcards on 276 - Pressure-Volume Loops and Cardiac Cycle (add on), created by Deleted user on 30/05/2017.
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- Deleted user · May 2017
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- May 30, 2017
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- Created by Victoria Wright · May 29, 2017
- Copied by Victoria Wright · May 30, 2017
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