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279 - Heart Murmurs

Deleted user User has deleted their subject information English 66 cards

279 - Heart Murmurs

Cards in this deck (66)

  1. 1Describe Aortic Stenosis Heart MurmursCrescendo-decrescendo systolic ejection murmur (ejection click may be present). LV >> aortic pressure during systole. Loudest at heart base; radiates to carotids. “Pulsus parvus et tardus”—pulses are weak with a delayed peak. Can lead to Syncope, Angina, and Dyspnea on exertion (SAD). Most commonly due to age-related calcification in older patients (> 60 years old) or in younger patients with early-onset calcification of bicuspid aortic valve.
  2. 2In Aortic Stenosis, the murmur is loudest where? And where does it radiate to?Loudest at heart base; radiates to carotids.
  3. 3In Aortic Stenosis, the pulses are weak with a delayed what?“Pulsus parvus et tardus”—pulses are weak with a delayed peak.
  4. 4Aortic Stenosis can lead to what? What is the mnemonic device to remember?Can lead to Syncope, Angina, and Dyspnea on exertion (SAD).
  5. 5Aortic Stenosis is most commonly do to what?Most commonly due to age-related
    calcification in older patients (> 60 years old) or in younger patients with early-onset calcification of bicuspid aortic valve.
  6. 6Describe Mitral Regurgitation MurmursHolosystolic, high-pitched “blowing murmur.”
    Mitral—loudest at apex and radiates toward axilla. MR is often due to ischemic heart disease (post-MI), MVP, LV dilatation.
    Rheumatic fever and infective endocarditis can cause either MR or TR.
  7. 7Describe Tricuspid Regurgitation MurmursHolosystolic, high-pitched “blowing murmur.”
    Tricuspid—loudest at tricuspid area. TR commonly caused by RV dilatation.
    Rheumatic fever and infective endocarditis can cause either MR or TR.
  8. 8What can cause either Mitral regurgitation or Tricuspid regurgitation?Rheumatic fever and infective endocarditis can cause either MR or TR.
  9. 9Where is the murmur loudest in Mitral regurgitation? Where does it radiate to?Mitral—loudest at apex and radiates toward axilla.
  10. 10Mitral regurgitation is often due to what?MR is often due to ischemic heart
    disease (post-MI), MVP, LV dilatation.
  11. 11Where is the murmur loudest in Tricuspid regurgitation?Loudest at tricuspid area
  12. 12What commonly causes Tricuspid regurgitation?TR commonly caused by RV dilatation.
  13. 13Describe Mitral Valve Prolapse MurmursLate systolic crescendo murmur with midsystolic click (MC; due to sudden tensing of chordae tendineae). Most frequent valvular lesion. Best heard over apex. Loudest just before S2. Usually benign. Can predispose to infective endocarditis. Can be caused by myxomatous degeneration (1° or 2° to connective tissue disease such as
    Marfan or Ehlers-Danlos syndrome), rheumatic fever, chordae rupture.
  14. 14What is the most frequent valvular lesion?Mitral valve prolapse
  15. 15Where are mitral valve prolapse murmurs best heard?Over the apex
  16. 16When are mitral valve prolapse murmurs loudest?Loudest just before S2.
  17. 17What can mitral valve prolapse predispose someone to?Can predispose to infective endocarditis.
  18. 18What can mitral valve prolapse be caused by?Can be caused by myxomatous degeneration (1° or 2° to connective tissue disease such as Marfan or Ehlers-Danlos syndrome), rheumatic fever, chordae rupture.
  19. 19Describe Ventricular Septal DefectHolosystolic, harsh-sounding murmur. Loudest at tricuspid area.
  20. 20Where is a ventricular septal defect loudest?Loudest at tricuspid area.
  21. 21Describe Aortic Regurgitation MurmursHigh-pitched “blowing” early diastolic decrescendo murmur. Long diastolic
    murmur, hyperdynamic pulse, and head bobbing when severe and chronic. Wide
    pulse pressure. Often due to aortic root dilation, bicuspid aortic valve, endocarditis,
    rheumatic fever. Progresses to left HF.
  22. 22What is aortic regurgitation often due to?Often due to aortic root dilation, bicuspid aortic valve, endocarditis, rheumatic fever.
  23. 23What does aortic regurgitation progress to?Progresses to left HF
  24. 24Describe Mitral StenosisFollows opening snap (OS; due to abrupt halt in leaflet motion in diastole, after
    rapid opening due to fusion at leaflet tips). Delayed rumbling mid-to-late diastolic murmur (decreased interval between S2 and OS correlates with increased severity). LA >> LV pressure during diastole. Often a late (and highly specific) sequela of rheumatic
    fever. Chronic MS can result in LA dilatation.
  25. 25Mitral stenosis is often a late sequela of what?Often a late (and highly specific) sequela of rheumatic fever.
  26. 26Chronic mitral stenosis can result in what?Chronic MS can result in LA dilatation.
  27. 27Describe Patent Ductus Arteriosus MurmursContinuous machine-like murmur. Loudest at S2. Often due to congenital rubella
    or prematurity. Best heard at left infraclavicular area.
  28. 28When are Patent ductus arteriosus murmurs loudest?Loudest at S2
  29. 29Patent Ductus Arteriosus is often due to what?Often due to congenital rubella or prematurity.
  30. 30Patent Ductus Arteriosus is best heard where?Best heard at left infraclavicular area.
  31. 31What type of heart murmur is described below? Crescendo-decrescendo systolic ejection murmur (ejection click may be present).Aortic stenosis
  32. 32What type of heart murmur is described below? LV >> aortic pressure during systole.Aortic stenosis
  33. 33What type of heart murmur is described below? Loudest at heart base; radiates to carotids.Aortic stenosis
  34. 34What type of heart murmur is described below? “Pulsus parvus et tardus”—pulses are weak with a delayed peak.Aortic stenosis
  35. 35What type of heart murmur is described below? Can lead to Syncope, Angina, and Dyspnea on exertion (SAD).Aortic stenosis
  36. 36What type of heart murmur is described below? Most commonly due to agerelated calcification in older patients (> 60 years old) or in younger patients with early-onset calcification of bicuspid aortic valve.Aortic stenosis
  37. 37What type of heart murmur is described below? Holosystolic, high-pitched “blowing murmur.”Mitral/tricuspid regurgitation
  38. 38What type of heart murmur is described below? Loudest at apex and radiates toward axilla.Mitral regurgitation
  39. 39What type of heart murmur is described below? Is often due to ischemic heart disease (post-MI), MVP, LV dilatation.Mitral regurgitation
  40. 40What type of heart murmur is described below? Loudest at tricuspid area.Tricuspid Regurgitation
    and
    Ventricular Septal Defect
  41. 41What type of heart murmur is described below? Commonly caused by RV dilatation.Tricuspid regurgitation
  42. 42What type of heart murmur is described below? Late systolic crescendo murmur with midsystolic click (MC; due to sudden tensing of chordae tendineae).Mitral valve prolapse
  43. 43What type of heart murmur is described below? Best heard over apex. Loudest just before S2. Usually benign.Mitral valve prolapse.
  44. 44What type of heart murmur is described below? Can predispose to infective endocarditis.Mitral valve prolapse.
  45. 45What type of heart murmur is described below? Can be caused by myxomatous degeneration (1° or 2° to connective tissue disease such as Marfan or Ehlers-Danlos syndrome), rheumatic fever, chordae rupture.Mitral valve prolapse.
  46. 46What type of heart murmur is described below? Holosystolic, harsh-sounding murmur.Ventricular septal defect
  47. 47What type of heart murmur is described below? High-pitched “blowing” early diastolic decrescendo murmur.Aortic regurgitation
  48. 48What type of heart murmur is described below? Long diastolic murmur, hyperdynamic pulse, and head bobbing when severe and chronic.Aortic regurgitation
  49. 49What type of heart murmur is described below? Wide pulse pressureAortic regurgitation
  50. 50What type of heart murmur is described below? Often due to aortic root dilation, bicuspid aortic valve, endocarditis, rheumatic fever.Aortic regurgitation
  51. 51What type of heart murmur is described below? Progresses to left HF.Aortic regurgitation
  52. 52What type of heart murmur is described below? Follows opening snap (OS; due to abrupt halt in leaflet motion in diastole, after rapid opening due to fusion at leaflet tips).Mitral stenosis
  53. 53What type of heart murmur is described below? Delayed rumbling mid-to-late diastolic murmur (decreased interval between S2 and OS correlates with increased severity).Mitral stenosis
  54. 54What type of heart murmur is described below? LA >> LV pressure during diastole.Mitral stenosis
  55. 55What type of heart murmur is described below? Often a late (and highly specific) sequela of rheumatic fever.Mitral stenosis
  56. 56What type of heart murmur is described below? Chronically, can result in LA dilatation.Mitral stenosis
  57. 57What type of heart murmur is described below? Continuous machine-like murmur.Patent ductus arteriosus
  58. 58What type of heart murmur is described below? Loudest at S2Patent ductus arteriosus
  59. 59What type of heart murmur is described below? Often due to congenital rubella or prematurity.Patent ductus arteriosus
  60. 60What type of heart murmur is described below? Best heard at left infraclavicular area.Patent ductus arteriosus
  61. 61—Aortic stenosisAortic stenosis
  62. 62—Mitral/tricuspid regurgitation
    and
    Ventricular septal defect    Mitral/tricuspid regurgitation and Ventricular septal defect
  63. 63—Mitral valve prolapseMitral valve prolapse
  64. 64—Aortic regurgitationAortic regurgitation
  65. 65—Mitral stenosisMitral stenosis
  66. 66—Patent ductus arteriosusPatent ductus arteriosus

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User has deleted their subject information Flashcards on 279 - Heart Murmurs, created by Deleted user on 30/05/2017.
Created by
Deleted user · May 2017
Updated
May 30, 2017
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History
  • Created by Victoria Wright · May 30, 2017
  • Copied by Victoria Wright · May 30, 2017
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