Separating soluble substances 321

Crystallization

• Crystallisation: As the solvent evaporates the solutions becomes more and more concentrated. Eventually the solution becomes so concentrated that is saturated. This process is called crystallization.
• Salt are recovered from sea water have been scrapped into piles.
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• Caption: Crystallisation

Evaporation

• Evaporation: As the water heats it changes stat and becomes a gas process known as evaporation. Evaporation removes the water from sauces making them thicker and thicker.
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• Caption: Evaporation

Chromatography

• Chromatography: Chromatography is a process that can be separate a mixture by making through another substance. This substance could be gel, column of liquid or strip of paper, like that shown in figure 4.3.1.
• Water is a solvent.
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• Caption: Chromatography

Distillation

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• Distillation: Distillation is a process of separating the component substances from a liquid mixture by selective vaporization and condensation. Distillation result in essentially complete separation.
• Caption: Distillation