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Eduqas & WJEC AS Atomic Model Flashcards
Cards in this deck (47)
- 1Relative atomic massThe weighted mean mass of an atom of an element compared to \(\frac{1}{12}\) of the mass of an atom of carbon-12. \(\frac{\text{Total mass of the atoms}}{\text{Total number of atoms}} \)
- 2Mass numberThe number of protons and neutrons in one atom of an element. The mass number is always a whole number.
- 3IsotopesAtoms of the same element that contain different numbers of neutrons
- 4Relative isotopic massThe mass of an individual atom of a particular isotope relative to \(\frac{1}{12}\) of the mass of an atom of carbon-12. This is not likely to be a whole number.
- 5Relative formula massThe sum of the relative atomic masses of all the atoms in the empirical formula of an molecule
- 6Relative atomic massThe sum of the relative atomic masses of all the atoms in a molecule
- 7Mass spectrometerMeasures the masses of molecules
- 8M/z ratioThe mass-to-charge ratio of a molecules
- 9Molecular ion peakThe peak with the highest m/z ratio, the M peak.
- 10Quantum ShellDefines the energy level of an electron
- 11OrbitalA region within an atom that can hold up to two electrons with opposite spins
- 12Electronic configurationShows the number of electrons in each sublevel of the atom
- 13Hund's ruleStates that electrons will occupy the orbitals singly before pairing takes place
- 14Pauli Exclusion PrincipleStates that two electrons cannot occupy the same orbital unless they have opposite spins. Electron spin is signified by upwards and downwards arrows.
- 15Maximum number of electrons per orbital2
- 16MoleThe amount of a substance that contains the same number of particles as the number of carbon atoms in exactly 12g of the carbon-12 isotope
- 17Avogadro ConstantThe number of atoms of carbon-12 in exactly 12g of carbon-12
- 18Ideal gas equationpV=nRT
- 19SI Units of PressurePascals
- 20SI Units of VolumeMetres Cubed
- 21SI Units of TemperatureKelvin
- 22How to convert from degrees Celsius to KelvinAdd 273 to Celsius Value
- 23Equivalence pointThe point at which there are exactly the righ amounts of substances to complete the reaction
- 24End pointThe point at which the indicator just changes colour. Ideally, the end point should coincide with the equivalence point.
- 25MeniscusThe curving of the upper surface in a liquid in a container.
- 26TitreThe volume added from the burette during a titration
- 27Concordant titresThose that are close together - usually within \(20cm^3\) of each other
- 28Standard solutionsA solution whose concentration is accurately known
- 29Primary standardSubstances used to make a standard solution by weighing
- 30TitrationA practical method with the aim of measuring volumes of two solutions, one of which has an accurately known concentration, in order to accurately calculate the concentration of the other
- 31AlkaliA base that is soluble in water
- 32IndicatorA substance which is a different colour in acids and bases/alkalis
- 33TransmutationThe changing of an atom into another kind of atom that takes place during radioactive decay.
- 34Radioactive decayThe breaking up of a radioactive element, more often than not resulting in the formation of a new nucleus
- 35Gamma raysHigh-energy electromagnetic radiation released by a radioactive nucleus
- 36Half lifeThe amount of time for half the atoms in a radioactive sample to decay is called the half-life
- 37Beta particleAn electron released by a radioactive nucleus that causes a neutron to change into a proton
- 38Alpha particleA positively charged particle made up of two protons and two neutrons and released by a radioactive nucleus
- 39Molecular formulaActual number of atoms of each element in a molecule
- 40Molar massMass per mole of a substance. It has the symbol M and the units \( g \text{ } mol^{-1}\)
- 41Empirical formulaShows the smallest whole-number ratio of atoms of each element in a compound
- 42Theoretical YieldMaximum possible mass of a product, assuming complete reaction and no losses
- 43Actual YieldActual mass obtained
- 44Percentage Yield\(100 \% \times \frac{ \text{Actual Yield}}{\text{Theoretical Yield}}\)
- 451 tonne\( 1 \times 10^6 g\)
- 46Atom economyThe molar mass of the desired product divided by the sum of the molar masses of all the products, expressed as a percentage
- 47Difference between percentage yield and atom economyPercentage yield indicates how efficient a reaction is at converting the reactant to the products. Atom economy indicates the percentage of atoms from the starting materials that end up in the desidered product.
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- User has deleted their subject information Flashcards on Eduqas & WJEC AS Atomic Model Flashcards, created by Deleted user on 14/08/2017.
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- Created by Niamh Ryan · Aug 14, 2017
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