Quiz
Detection and Identification of Microorganisms
Questions in this quiz (33)
1In an outbreak situation molecular epidemiology is used to______
- Aascertain whether the isolates have a common or independent source.
- Bascertain whether the isolates have a evolved from control specimens
- Cidentify novel SNP
2In molecular testing of microorganisms what are the analyses?
- Agenome, transcriptome, proteome
- Bgenome, transcriptome, antibodies
- Clipids, transcriptome, proteome
- Dsugars, lipids, amino acids
3Match an organism with a resistance gene target.
- AStaphylococcus aureus mecA; Enterococcus: vanA, vanB, and vanC; M.tuberculosis: katG, inhA
- BStaphylococcus aureus vanA, vanB, and vanC; Enterococcus: mecA; M.tuberculosis: katG, inhA
- CStaphylococcus aureus vanA, vanB, and vanC; Enterococcus: katG, inhA; M.tuberculosis: mecA
- DStaphylococcus aureus katG, inhA ; Enterococcus: vanA, vanB, and vanC; M.tuberculosis: mecA
4What are the primary molecular methods used in clinical microbiology laboratory?
- APCR, real time PCR, reverse transcriptase PCR, pulsed field gel electrophoresis (PFGE)
- BPCR, real time PCR, reverse transcriptase PCR,
- CPCR, real time PCR, reverse transcriptase PCR, sequencing,
- DBisulfite sequencing, PCR, real time PCR, reverse transcriptase PCR, Bisulfite sequencing,
5Which of the following organisms is bardes to lyse?
- AMycobacteria and fungi
- BParasites and Bacteria
- CParasites and Mycoplasma
- DFungi and Mycoplasma
6Removal of RNases is essential for analysis of with of the following targets?
- ARNA
- BDNA
- CProteins
- DRibosomes
- ECentromere
7Which of the following PCR inhibitors is present in the sputum?
- AAcidic polysaccharides
- BHemoglobin
- CHeparin
- DAmino acids
- EAluminum
8It is easier to isolate nucleic acid form the stool the the plasma.
- ATrue
- BFalse
9In a PCR procedure a sensitivity control is used to show____
- Alower level of detection
- Black of contamination
- Cquantity of positive product
- Dlack of inhibition
10B. pertussis and B. parapertussis target genes are IS481 and IS1001.
- ATrue
- BFalse
11Which of the following is a genotypic method for typing organisms?
- AAntibiogram patterns
- BPulsed field gel electrophoresis
- CSerotyping
- DBacteriophage typing
12Pulsed field gel electrophoresis has been performed on two isolates of Escherichia coli that have been isolated from the blood of newborns in the same neonatal unit. The banding pattern of the two isolates differed by two bands. Which of the following is the correct interpretation of these results?
- AThe isolates are indistinguishable.
- BThe isolates are closely related.
- CThe isolates are possibly related.
- DThe isolates are different.
13Define Epidemic
- Arapidly spreading outbreak of an infectious disease
- Ba disease that sweeps across wide geographical areas
- Ccollection and analysis of environmental, microbiological, and clinical data
14Define Pandemic
- Aa disease that sweeps across wide geographical areas
- Brapidly spreading outbreak of an infectious disease
- Ccollection and analysis of environmental, microbiological, and clinical data
15Define Epidemiology
- Acollection and analysis of environmental, microbiological, and clinical data
- Ba disease that sweeps across wide geographical areas
- Crapidly spreading outbreak of an infectious disease
16Primary resistance mutations _______
- Aaffect drug sensitivity but may slow viral growth
- Bincrease drug sensitivity
- Cincrease drug uptake
17Secondary-resistance mutations ______
- Acompensate for the primary-resistance growth defects
- Bdo not compensate for the primary-resistance growth defects
- Ccancel primary-resistance growth defects
18Which of the following is the molecular target for most epidemiological investigations of Mycobacterium tuberculosis?
- AkatG
- BinhA
- CIS6110
- DIS481
19Which of the following typing methods has high typing capacity, discriminatory power, reproducibility, and moderate ease of use?
- APlasmid analysis
- BRibotyping
- CPCR-RFLP
- DPFGE
20DNA is isolated from a test organism and cut with restriction enzymes. The fragments are ligated to adapters that are complementary to primers that are added to perform a PCR. In a second PCR, selective primers are used to amplify some of the amplicons produced in the first PCR. Finally, the products of the second PCR are separated by gel electrophoresis and analyzed. Which of the following methods was described?
- ARestriction fragment length polymorphism
- BAmplified fragment length polymorphism
- CPulsed field gel electrophoresis
- DArbitrarily primed PCR
21In the interpretation of pulsed field gel electrophoresis patterns, what is the maximum number of bands that can differ between two organisms before those organisms are determined to be different?
- A2
- B3
- C5
- D7
22A PCR assay that uses short primers that amplify random sequences found throughout the genome of the test organism is what variation of PCR?
- AArbitrarily primed
- BAmplified fragment length polymorphism
- CRepetitive extragenic palindromic
- DEnterobacterial repetitive intergenic consensus
23The ability of a typing method to distinguish between unrelated strains is which of the following criteria?
- ATyping capacity
- BDiscriminatory power
- CReproducibility
- DEase of interpretation
24When a typing method is repeated and the results are the same each time, the method has high:
- Aease of test performance
- Bdiscriminatory power
- Ctyping capacity
- Dreproducibility
25Which of the following genes is a target in molecular-based assays and confers resistance to vancomycin in the enterococci?
- AinhA
- BmecA
- CvanA
- DgyrA
26A PCR assay on DNA isolated from a nasopharyngeal swab was performed with the following results: amplification using primers to IS481 was positive and using primers to IS1001 was negative. All controls were acceptable. Which of the following organisms was present in this sample?
- ABordetella pertussis
- BBordetella parapertussis
- CBordetella holmesii
- DLegionella pneumophila
27A PCR assay using primers specific for the autolysin (lytA) gene was performed on a sputum specimen from a 10-year-old girl. The specimen was positive, and all controls were acceptable. Which of the following is the best interpretation of these results?
- ADefinitive diagnosis of Streptococcus pneumoniae pneumonia
- BStreptococcus pneumoniae is present but clinical significance questionable
- CMycobacterium tuberculosis detected and girl should be isolated
- DPatient has Chlamydophila pneumoniae pneumonia
28Which of the following molecular-based assay and detected organism combinations has been FDA-approved?
- ANASBA for hepatitis C virus
- BTMA for Mycobacterium tuberculosis
- CHybridization protection assay for group A streptococci
- DSequencing for Neisseria gonorrhoeae
29PCR with RFLP analysis and reverse hybridization of the 5′ untranslated region of hepatitis C virus is the principle of which of the following commercial assays?
- ATRUGENE
- BCleavase fragment length polymorphism
- CAmplicor HCV
- DInno-LiPA
30HIV genotyping is performed for which of the following reasons?
- AMonitor development of antiretroviral drug resistance
- BConfirmation of HIV infection
- CQuantitate amount of HIV in the patient
- DDetermine source of HIV
31Which of the following genes is the target in molecular-based assays that are used to quantitate the amount of HIV in a patient?
- AProtease
- Bgag
- CHemaglutinin
- Dctx-m
32Which of the following molecular-based assays is FDA-approved for the detection of human papillomavirus in endocervical specimens?
- AqPCR
- BNASBA
- CTMA
- DHybrid capture
33Which of the following organisms was one of the first targets for the development and implementation of molecular-based assays used for direct detection of the organism in a clinical specimen?
- AMycoplasma pneumoniae
- BTreponema pallidum
- CChlamydia trachomatis
- DLegionella pneumophila
Information
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- Techniques in the Clinical Laboratory
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- mona1nyc
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