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Jazz Final
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Questions in this quiz (120)
1A device inserted into the bell of a brass instrument to distort the sounds coming out is called a:
- Avalve
- Bmute
- Cmouthpiece
- Dkey
2All of the following are basic functions of the rhythm section EXCEPT:
- Aproviding harmony
- Bproviding the main melodic line
- Cproviding the bass
- Dproviding percussion
3Which of the following is the correct definition of meter?
- Aa series of beats
- Ba series of beats that are felt in groups or patterns
- Cany musical pulse
- Dpatterns of long and short notes
4Which of the following is NOT one of the primary roles of the bass in the rhythm section?
- Aplaying melodies
- Bplaying notes that support the harmony
- Cproviding a basic underlying rhythmic foundation
5Which of the following best defines syncopation?
- Astrong accent that coincides with the basic meter
- Bany strong accent
- Cstrong accent that contradicts the basic meter
6What jazz musicians call the “changes” refers to:
- Athe rhythmic shifts in a piece
- Bthe harmonic progression, or chord progression, in a piece
- Cswitching from one instrument to another
7The string bass, or double bass, is usually played with a bow in jazz.
- ATrue
- BFalse
8In jazz terminology for musical form, the head is
- Athe first chorus of solos
- Bthe straight tune with no improvisation, typically played in the first and last choruses
- Cthe first phrase of the tune
- Dthe last chorus of solos
9A chorus of twelve-bar blues is structured in:
- Afour three-bar phrases
- Btwo six-bar phrases
- Cthree four-bar phrases
- Dsix two-bar phrases
10A statement by one musician or group of musicians that is immediately answered by another musician or group creates:
- Amodulation
- Bblues form
- Csyncopation
- Dcall and response
11Which of the following is NOT one of the bassist’s primary functions in the traditional jazz group?
- Aplaying improvised solos
- Bkeeping time with a steady stream of notes
- Csounding the harmonic progression
12All of the following are secular genres of African American folk music EXCEPT:
- Afield holler
- Bspiritual
- Cwork song
- Dballad
13Which of the following genres of folk music features a lengthy retelling of an episode from local history?
- Awork song
- Bfield holler
- Cballad
- Dring shout
14The brass band’s primary contribution to jazz was:
- Atunes in 6/8 meter
- Bthe compositional structure of the march: sixteen-bar strains with repetition and contrast
- Cuse of a conductor
- Dinclusion of a violinist
15Ragtime probably got its name from “ragged time” as played on this instrument around the time of the Civil War:
- Asousaphone
- Bbanjo
- Cclarinet
- Dpiano
16By the time Scott Joplin was performing and composing, ragtime had become a type of song, a dance, and a style of playing the:
- Aclarinet
- Btrumpet
- Cpiano
- Dguitar
17Ragtime compositions were in __________ form.
- Ablues
- Bmarch
- Cthirty-two-bar popular song
- Dwaltz
18How did Scott Joplin earn a large sum of money from his composition “Maple Leaf Rag”?
- AHe traveled around the United States performing it.
- BHis sound recordings.
- CHe earned royalties on the sale of the sheet music for it.
19Many of the distinguishing features of jazz come from African American folk music.
- ATrue
- BFalse
20The spiritual is a secular genre of African American folk music.
- ATrue
- BFalse
21Why did the geographical location of New Orleans create favorable conditions for the development of jazz?
- AIt was a major center of railroad shipping.
- BIts geographical isolation protected it from outside influences.
- CIt was a major port with a diverse population and strong Caribbean connections.
22Which two European colonial powers controlled New Orleans before it became part of the United States?
- AFrance and Italy
- BFrance and Spain
- CSpain and the Netherlands
- DSpain and Portugal
23All of the following describe collective improvisation in the New Orleans jazz style EXCEPT:
- Adense polyphonic texture
- Bcornet in the middle range
- Cclarinet in the higher range, moving faster than the main melody
- Da focus entirely on composed solos
24Which best describes the role of the clarinet in the New Orleans jazz front line?
- AIt plays the main melody.
- BIt plays improvised lines that move faster and often higher than the main melody.
- CIt plays decorated bass lines including glissandos, or smears.
25Which best describes the role of the trombone in the New Orleans front line?
- AIt plays the main melody.
- BIt plays improvised lines that move faster and often higher than the main melody.
- CIt plays decorated bass lines including glissandos, or smears.
26What was the Great Migration?
- Athe enforced passage of millions of enslaved Africans to the Americas
- Bthe movement of large numbers of African Americans from the rural south to the urban north during the late nineteenth century and the early decades of the twentieth century
- Cthe movement of Creole musicians of color to Uptown neighborhoods in New Orleans
27Which New Orleans musician turned down the chance to make what might have become the first jazz record because he didn’t want others to be able to copy his music, or because he didn’t like the amount of money offered?
- ASidney Bechet
- B“Jelly Roll” Morton
- CLouis Armstrong
- DFreddie Keppard
28Which band established the word jazz as part of the international vocabulary?
- AJelly Roll Morton’s Red Hot Peppers
- Bthe Original Dixieland Jazz Band
- Cthe New Orleans Rhythm Kings
- DFreddie Keppard’s band
29Which musical form was NOT frequently used by New Orleans jazz bands?
- Atwelve-bar blues
- Bthirty-two-bar popular songs
- Cragtime-type compositions with multiple strains
30Brass band societies gave jazz its melody instruments: trumpet or cornet, trombone, and clarinet.
- ATrue
- BFalse
31Brass band societies gave jazz its melody instruments: trumpet or cornet, trombone, and clarinet.
- ATrue
- BFalse
32Why was the development of electrical recording in 1925 important for jazz?
- ALive, on-location recording in nightclubs immediately became feasible.
- BIt permitted greater fidelity, which made recordings of drums, cymbals, voices, and instruments sound better.
- CIt permitted 78-rpm recordings to hold five minutes of music per side instead of three.
33Which improvement in motion-picture technology was introduced in 1927 with the release of the film The Jazz Singer?
- Acolor
- Bthe animated feature film
- Csynchronized sound dialogue
- D3-D
34How did the rise of speakeasies during Prohibition affect jazz musicians?
- AOpportunities for employment in nightclubs became scarce.
- BSpeakeasies required plenty of music, so demand increased, especially for those who could improvise.
- CMusicians who had been accustomed to drinking alcoholic beverages on the job could no longer do so.
35Which bandleader is credited with establishing saxophones as a standard part of the jazz ensemble?
- APaul Whiteman
- BArt Hickman
- CKing Oliver
- DJelly Roll Morton
36Which 1920s bandleader worked to establish symphonic jazz as the direction the music should take?
- AJames Reese Europe
- BIrving Berlin
- CPaul Whiteman
- DGeorge Gershwin
37Why are songs by Tin Pan Alley composers important for jazz?
- AJazz composers wrote their own material to make up for the shallowness of Tin Pan Alley songs.
- BTin Pan Alley’s intricate, jazz-influenced songs have formed the core of the jazz repertory for decades.
- CTin Pan Alley songs were the only source of jazz repertory.
38How did the leaders of the Harlem Renaissance view jazz?
- Aas the highest achievement of African American musicians
- Bas coarse, commercial music
- Cas not worth commenting on
39Influential stride compositions such as “Carolina Shout” were distributed through this medium, which was well suited to study by pianists, as well as on records:
- Afilm
- Bradio
- Cplayer piano rolls
- Dhandwritten fake books
40Much of Duke Ellington’s music describes specific places, people, or events. Music that does this is called:
- Aabsolute
- Bspecific
- Csatirical
- Dprogrammatic
41Louis Armstrong is the only major figure in Western music to influence the music of his era equally as
- Aan instrumentalist and a composer
- Ba composer and a singer
- Can instrumentalist and a singer
42Louis Armstrong’s innovations in improvisation:
- Aestablished individual improvisation as more important than collective improvisation
- Bmade written music the foundation of jazz
- Cmade instrumental mastery irrelevant
43All of the following are true of Louis Armstrong’s innovations in singing EXCEPT:
- AHe only sang music with lyrics and was rigid in his singing style.
- BHe introduced scat singing as a jazz vocal style.
- CHe brought unique artistry to written lyrics.
- DHe influenced many singers including Bing Crosby and Billie Holiday.
44Louis Armstrong’s innovations in repertory:
- Awere confined to original New Orleans jazz themes
- Bwere limited to traditional blues tunes
- Cmade masterworks of Tin Pan Alley songs
- Dconsisted mainly of his original works
45All of the following are true of Louis Armstrong’s early life EXCEPT:
- AHe grew up in poverty.
- BHe was born in New York City.
- CHe began working at an early age.
- DHe received his first cornet from the Jewish family for whom he worked.
46Louis Armstrong moved to Chicago to play with the bandleader:
- AFletcher Henderson
- BEthel Waters
- CJoe Oliver
- DKid Ory
47The pianist Lil Hardin became Louis Armstrong’s second wife and encouraged him to:
- Aplay classical music exclusively
- Bstay with the King Oliver band
- Cleave the Oliver band and establish himself as a leader
- Dmove to Memphis and establish himself as a teacher
48Louis Armstrong excelled in the Fletcher Henderson band but left because the bandleader would not allow him to:
- Aarrange his compositions for the band
- Btake solos
- Csend a substitute to most of the gigs
- Dsing
49What duet recording by Louis Armstrong and Earl Hines is full of trading and daring rhythmic improvisations?
- A“West End Blues”
- B“Muggles”
- C“Weather Bird”
- D“Tight Like This”
50Bix Beiderbecke belongs to the first generation of musicians who learned about jazz from:
- Atextbooks
- Bformal instruction
- Csheet music
- Drecordings
51All of the following are examples of the impact of recordings on the spread of jazz EXCEPT:
- AYoung people could hear jazz without having to go to places where it was played.
- BRecordings encouraged study and memorization.
- CRecordings enabled the most successful jazz musicians to stop performing live and make recordings exclusively.
- DRecordings enabled young players to interpret the music as they pleased.
52In 1923 Bix Beiderbecke joined the __________, the first band that Northern white musicians formed in imitation of New Orleans style.
- ANew Orleans Rhythm Kings
- BWolverines
- CNew Orleans Feetwarmers
- DRed Hot Peppers
53After working with Mamie Smith and Wilbur Sweatman, Coleman Hawkins began an eleven-year association with the band led by:
- ADuke Ellington
- BBenny Goodman
- CFletcher Henderson
- DPaul Whiteman
54Coleman Hawkins’s tenor saxophone style was strongly influenced by the brass player:
- ABix Beiderbecke
- BLouis Armstrong
- CBubber Miley
- DKid Ory
55Louis Armstrong acquired this nickname when a British journalist mispronounced one of his nicknames:
- Athe Bean
- BSweets
- CSatchmo
56After World War II, Louis Armstrong founded what band, which he led for the rest of his life?
- ALouis Armstrong and the Kansas City Six
- BLouis Armstrong and His All Stars
- CLouis Armstrong and His Orchestra
57Louis Armstrong stirred up controversy with his public stand on what civil rights issue?
- Asegregation in the U.S. armed forces
- Bsegregation at an Arkansas high school
- Cthe Montgomery, Alabama church bombing
58Louis Armstrong returned to national popularity in 1964 with the hit song:
- A“(What Did I Do to Be So) Black and Blue?”
- B“When It’s Sleepy Time Down South”
- C“Hello, Dolly!”
- D“Do You Know What It Means to Miss New Orleans?”
59Louis Armstrong’s Hot Five and Hot Seven recordings helped jazz evolve from a group concept based on polyphony into a showcase for individual expression by soloists.
- ATrue
- BFalse
60Frankie Trumbauer’s style and sound on C-melody saxophone influenced Lester Young and Benny Carter.
- ATrue
- BFalse
61How did the Depression affect record companies?
- APeople bought more records than ever because live music became too expensive.
- BRecord sales decreased because records became too expensive and people could hear music for free on the radio.
- CMany new record labels were started, which increased competition.
62All of the following are true of swing and race EXCEPT:
- AArrangements imitated the call-and-response singing style of black churches.
- BMany white fans were unaware of the role of African American musicians in the music’s origins.
- CProfits from swing were shared equally between white businessmen and black musicians.
63Which rhythmic feel became established as the standard one for swing dance music?
- Astop-time
- Bfour-beat groove
- Csecondary ragtime
- Dwaltz
64All of the following are true of swing dance style EXCEPT:
- AIt emerged from Harlem’s Savoy Ballroom.
- BThe Savoy dance style was named the Lindy Hop after the aviator Charles Lindbergh.
- CThe style was rigid and imitated the look of the Viennese waltz.
65The swing rhythm section made all of the following changes from earlier practice EXCEPT:
- AThe string bass replaced the tuba.
- BThe guitar replaced the banjo.
- CThe piano disappeared entirely.
66Benny Goodman made a landmark in race relations by integrating his trio with the addition of __________ along with drummer Gene Krupa.
- ACount Basie
- BCootie Williams
- CTeddy Wilson
- DColeman Hawkins
67Benny Goodman’s trio became a quartet with the addition of:
- Athe bassist Milt Hinton
- Bthe vibraphonist Lionel Hampton
- Cthe trombonist Slide Hampton
- Dthe bassist John Kirby
68What is a “standard” in the context of jazz repertory?
- Aa fast tempo that musicians need to be able to negotiate
- Ba traditional style of improvisation
- Ca song that is a permanent part of the jazz repertory and one that musicians are expected to know
69All of the following are true of John Hammond EXCEPT:
- AHe came from a wealthy New York family.
- BHe encouraged Benny Goodman to integrate his small group.
- CHe was a well-known critic and producer.
- DAll musicians liked his personality and attitude.
70All of the following are true of swing record collectors EXCEPT:
- AThey were typically young white men of privileged backgrounds.
- BThey typically pursued their passion for jazz in isolation, with little impact on the history of jazz.
- CThey began systematically cataloging record information into discographies.
- DThey formed “hot clubs” with other jazz fans.
71This bandleader formed a forty-two member band in the armed forces during World War II, which played until his disappearance over the English Channel in 1944.
- AArtie Shaw
- BGlenn Miller
- CDizzy Gillespie
- DLouis Armstrong
72This bandleader was known for scat-singing in a call-and-response texture with both band members and his audience.
- AArtie Shaw
- BDuke Ellington
- CCab Calloway
- DTommy Dorsey
73All of the following are true of Cab Calloway and his band EXCEPT:
- AHis band became well known when it replaced Duke Ellington’s band at the Cotton Club.
- BHis band was known for the hit song “Minnie the Moocher.”
- CThe band never toured in the South.
- DThe band included exciting soloists such as Dizzy Gillespie.
74The Swing Era is bounded chronologically by the Great Depression and World War II.
- ATrue
- BFalse
75During the Great Depression, record sales skyrocketed thanks to the proliferation of radio.
- ATrue
- BFalse
76At the beginning of the swing era, bands were not racially integrated.
- ATrue
- BFalse
77A “standard,” in the context of jazz repertory, is an improvised solo that musicians had to memorize.
- ATrue
- BFalse
78Artie Shaw protested against segregation and hired black musicians, including Billie Holiday and Roy Eldridge.
- ATrue
- BFalse
79When World War II ended and servicemen returned to jobs and families, the swing dancing culture waned.
- ATrue
- BFalse
80A small number of record labels controlled the recording industry during the Swing Era.
- ATrue
- BFalse
81In jazz history, Kansas City was considered the urban headquarters of the Southwest.
- ATrue
- BFalse
82In the context of jazz history, the Southwest refers to:
- Athe desert regions north of Mexico
- Bthe area south and west of the Mississippi River, including Missouri, Oklahoma, and Texas
- CArizona and New Mexico
83All of the following are true of territory bands EXCEPT:
- AThey worked a geographical area no more than a day’s drive from their headquarters.
- BVery few made recordings.
- CThey operated only in the Southwest.
84All of the following are true of Mary Lou Williams EXCEPT:
- AShe was a pianist and arranger, the most prominent female instrumentalist in jazz or swing.
- BShe became nationally prominent with Andy Kirk and the Twelve Clouds of Joy.
- CShe was respected by other musicians, including Duke Ellington and Benny Goodman.
- DIn later years, she kept her musical involvement separate from bebop and bebop musicians.
85What is a “commonwealth band”?
- Aa municipal or town band
- Ba band formed by wealthy amateur musicians
- Ca band in which decision-making and profits were shared equally among the band members
86Count Basie’s “One O’Clock Jump” existed as a head arrangement for more than a decade before being notated.
- ATrue
- BFalse
87The dueling style of Basie’s saxophonist soloists was widely imitated by bands throughout the swing era.
- ATrue
- BFalse
88How was Basie’s “New Testament” band different from his first big band?
- AIt relied more on written arrangements and included modern jazz styles.
- BIt had only eight musicians and played rhythm and blues.
- CIt concentrated on recording, not touring.
89Why would Duke Ellington not have been comfortable with the label “jazz composer”?
- AHe gave all the credit for his works to his band members.
- BHe preferred to be known as a pianist.
- CHe disliked the word jazz and thought it tended to marginalize the creativity of black musicians.
90All of the following are true of Duke Ellington’s compositional methods EXCEPT:
- AHe composed using musical notation.
- BHe composed in collaboration with his band members.
- CThe resulting parts for each musician were always clearly written out.
91What Ellingtonian played baritone saxophone for Duke Ellington for forty-seven years, his instrument was often voiced at the top of the saxophone section?
- AJohnny Hodges
- BPaul Gonsalves
- CHarry Carney
- DBubber Miley
92What Ellingtonian specialized in the woody sound of New Orleans clarinet and later played with Louis Armstrong?
- ABen Webster
- BSonny Greer
- CBarney Bigard
- DWellman Braud
93For nearly fifty years, what Ellingtonian played lead alto saxophone with tough bluesiness and passionate romanticism?
- AJimmy Hamilton
- BJohnny Hodges
- CJimmy Blanton
- DSonny Greer
94After a period of declining popularity, Duke Ellington’s band returned to prominence in 1956 after what event?
- Athe release of a rock and roll album
- Ba triumphant performance at the third Newport Jazz Festival that featured a twenty-seven-chorus tenor sax solo by Paul Gonsalves
- CEllington’s soundtrack for the film Anatomy of a Murder
95All of the following are true of Billy Strayhorn EXCEPT:
- AHe was Duke Ellington’s co-composer, rehearsal pianist, and deputy conductor.
- BHe composed “Take the A Train,” which became the band’s theme, based on directions to Ellington’s apartment.
- CHe often participated in lively piano battles with Duke Ellington on stage.
96What was Dizzy Gillespie’s attitude towards musicians who were trying to learn to play bebop?
- AHe guarded his knowledge jealously.
- BHe published textbooks on bebop.
- CHe used his skill at piano, drums, and theory to teach other musicians the new music.
97All of the following are ways that jam-session players made inexperienced musicians feel unwelcome EXCEPT:
- Aplaying the tune at a very fast tempo
- Bplaying the tune in an unfamiliar key
- Casking inexperienced horn players to take a turn at the drums
98What did Charlie Parker earn when his composition “Now’s the Time” was released as the rock and roll tune “The Huckle-Buck”?
- Aaround $5,000
- Baround 5 cents per copy of the record
- Cnothing
99What role does bebop play in jazz education today?
- AIts study is an option, like that of New Orleans jazz.
- BIt is the foundation of contemporary jazz education.
- CIt is ignored in today’s jazz education.
100Dexter Gordon was a product of the modern jazz scene along Central Avenue in:
- AChicago
- BLos Angeles
- CSan Francisco
- DDetroit
101Dizzy Gillespie guarded his knowledge jealously from musicians who were trying to learn to play bebop.
- ATrue
- BFalse
102Why was bebop hard for many fans, critics, and musicians of the 1940s to appreciate?
- ABebop musicians did not play Tin Pan Alley standards.
- BThe public’s tastes were formed by swing, which functioned as dance music and entertainment, and it viewed bebop as a fad.
- CJazz records and concerts had become too expensive.
103During the 1950s, jazz historians began speaking of jazz in terms of schools because:
- Athe learning of jazz had shifted exclusively to schools
- Blisteners had to take a course to be able to appreciate it
- Cafter bebop, jazz seemed to splinter into discrete realms of cool jazz, hard bop, and other styles
104In the late 1940s and early 1950s, Miles Davis struggled with drug addiction, made successful appearances in Europe, and recorded the tracks that resulted in the album:
- AMiles Ahead
- BBirth of the Cool
- CBirth of the Third Stream
- DBirth of the Hot
105Cool jazz, in the context of jazz styles, has:
- Aaggressive rhythms and overt expressiveness
- Ba consistent four-beat dance feel
- Ca light, laid-back, reticent quality
106The impact of the Miles Davis Nonet’s music was not felt strongly until the release of the album titled:
- AInto the Hot
- BNew Bottle Old Wine
- CBirth of the Cool
- DOut of the Cool
107By the 1960s, the textbook argues, the __________ had replaced the trumpet as “the most vital instrument in jazz.”
- Adrum set
- Bpiano
- Cguitar
- Dtenor saxophone
108The word jazz achieved its present-day meaning during the mid-1930s.
- ATrue
- BFalse
109In a 1954 recording session with Sonny Rollins, Miles Davis used a __________, which would become emblematic of his style.
- Acup mute
- Bplunger mute
- CHarmon mute
- Dstraight mute
110This 1959 album is one of the best-selling jazz albums of all time. Miles Davis notably kept compositions unseen by his musicians until the recording session.
- AKind of Blue
- BE.S.P.
- CMiles in the Sky
- DPorgy and Bess
111On “So What,” Miles Davis and John Coltrane take similar approaches to their solos.
- ATrue
- BFalse
112In 1960 John Coltrane had a hit recording with:
- A“Naima”
- B“Summertime”
- C“My Favorite Things”
- D“Bye Bye Blackbird”
113What personal meaning did A Love Supreme have for John Coltrane?
- AIn it, he expressed his love for his family.
- BIn it, he expressed his gratitude for the spiritual awakening that enabled him to overcome addiction.
- CIn it, he expressed his love for the world’s musical traditions.
114The textbook defines fusion as:
- Aonly the jazz-rock of the 1960s
- Ball music situated on the boundary line between jazz and pop
- Call music that uses electric instruments
115Ray Charles went further than anyone else in merging pop and:
- Aclassical
- Bswing
- Cgospel
- Dbop
116Which former Miles Davis band member embraced the electric keyboard sound and formed the band Return to Forever?
- AChick Corea
- BKeith Jarrett
- CJoe Zawinul
- DHerbie Hancock
117Weather Report was founded by these former Miles Davis band members:
- AHerbie Hancock and Wayne Shorter
- BDave Holland and Chick Corea
- CJoe Zawinul and Wayne Shorter
- DRon Carter and Chick Corea
118Rock relied much more on technology and the studio than jazz did.
- ATrue
- BFalse
119Miles Davis’s Bitches Brew neither sounded nor looked like a typical jazz album.
- ATrue
- BFalse
120Miles Davis’s Bitches Brew sold a half million copies during its first year.
- ATrue
- BFalse
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- Jazz Quiz on Jazz Final, created by Miguel Felipe on 03/05/2017.
- Author
- Miguel Felipe
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- English
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- Created on 3 May 2017 · updated on 3 Feb 2018
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