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BCHM 3
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Questions in this quiz (43)
1Which of the following is NOT a way chromatin remodeling complexes affect nucleosomes?
- AThey can slide a nucleosome to a different location.
- BThey can modify the N-terminal tails of histones.
- CThey can eject a nucleosome from the DNA.
- DThey can replace the nucleosome with a new nucleosome that contains a variant histone.
- EAll of these choices are correct.
2Which of the following is not a feature of the DNA helix proposed by Watson and Crick?
- ADouble-stranded
- BTwo helical grooves of equal dimensions
- CAntiparallel
- DRight-handed
- EComplimentary base pairing
3The double helix of a relaxed closed-circular DNA molecule has one turn of the double helix per _____ base pairs.
- A1
- B7.5
- C8
- D12.5
- E10.5
4A recombinant DNA was constructed by inserting the DNA of interest into the AmpR gene of a pBR322 vector. The vector also contains a TetR gene which is not interrupted. After introducing the recombinant DNA into bacterial cells, the resulting transformants were tested on a variety of media. Which of the following results would be expected?
- ANo growth on either ampicillin or tetracycline-containing media
- BGrowth only on media containing both antibiotics
- CGrowth on ampicillin but not tetracycline-containing media
- DGrowth on both ampicillin-containing media and tetracycline-containing media
- EGrowth on tetracycline but not ampicillin-containing media
5Reverse transcription PCR uses which of the following as starting material
- AGenomic DNA
- BRNA
- CcDNA
- DPlasmid DNA
6Which of the following bases is not found in RNA?
- AUracil
- BThymine
- CAdenine
- DCytosine
- EGuanine
7The "melting point" for DNA can be defined as:
- Athe temperature at which double-stranded nucleic acids degrade into free nucleotides
- Bthe temperature at which double-stranded DNA begins to melt
- Cthe temperature at which double-stranded DNA is completely melted
- Dthe temperature at which double-stranded DNA is too single-stranded to ever renature back to double strands
- Ethe temperature at which double-stranded DNA has become 50% single-stranded
8Polymerase chain reaction uses _________ to separate DNA strands:
- Aice
- Bheat
- CTaq polymerase
- Dsolvents
- EpH
9Which of the following does not describe an aspect of the three-dimensional structure of the DNA helix?
- AComplementary strands are anti-parallel to each other in the double stranded form
- BThe hydrophilic backbone of the alternating sugar and phosphate groups is on the outside of the helix.
- CThe nearly planar and hydrophobic bases are stacked inside the helix relatively perpendicular to the backbone
- DAdditional stability is conferred by the hydrogen bonding between the complementary bases
- EAll of the above describe the structure of the DNA helix
10You want to use ChIP-Seq to identify regions of the genome that are open for active transcription. In your immunoprecipitation step, You would use an antibody that recognizes
- AH3K9me3
- BH3K9ac
- CH3K4me3
- DEither H3K9me3 or H3K4me3
- EEither H3K9ac or H3K4me3
11When considering all components of the gene unit, protein coding genes make up approximately what percentage of the human genome
- A1.5%
- B15%
- C35%
- D60%
- E90%
12PCR amplification of DNA for Sanger sequencing is equivalent to which step of next generation sequencing
- ALibrary preparationLibrary preparation
- BCluster Generation
- CSequencing Read
- DIndex Read
- EGenome alignment
13What is one requirement for the condensation of chromosomes into a 30nm chromatin filament?
- AHistone H1 and H2A heterodimers
- BHistone N-terminal tail interactions
- CProper covalent phosphodiester bonds between DNA and arginine residues in histone subunits
- DH2A and H2B heterodimer
14After DNA replication, the daughter DNA strands are associated with nucleosomes that are made up of
- AAll new histone proteins
- BAll modified histone proteins that were previously associated with the parental cell’s DNA
- CModified H3-H4 tetramers from the parental cell’s DNA and new H2A-H2B dimers
- DModified H2A-H2B dimers from the parental cell’s DNA and new H3-H4 tetramers
- EAll of the above
15Which of the following is a CORRECT comparison of bacterial and eukaryotic chromosomes?
- ABoth have a single replication origin.
- BOnly eukaryotes have specific sequences necessary for DNA distribution during cell division.
- CEukaryotes usually have circular chromosomes; bacteria have linear.
- DBoth have multiple replication origins.
- EBacteria have circular chromosomes; eukaryotes have linear.
16Histone acetylation is an important and regulated form of histone modification because:
- Ait causes the relaxation and unwinding of chromatin for access by proteins and enzymes important for DNA expression and replication
- Bit tags old histones for disposal
- Cit condenses DNA to keep it inaccessible transcription factors
- Dit acts to stabilize histones during histone replication
- Eall of the above
17The histone octamer comprises:
- A1 copy each of H1, H2A, H2B, H3, H4, H5, H6 and H7
- B3 copies each of H2A and H2B with 2 copies of either H3 or H4
- C2 copies each of H2A, H2B, H3 and H4
- D1 copy of H1 and 2 copies each of H2A, H2B, H3 and H4
- E4 copies each of H2A and H2B
18Which of the following is an enzyme used in cloning that breaks covalent bonds in DNA?
- ARestriction endonuclease
- BDNA ligase
- CPolynucleotide kinase (PNK)
- DReverse transcriptase
- EDNA polymerase I
19A major difference between quantitative PCR and end-point PCR is that in quantitative PCR
- AAmplification products are run on an agarose gel containing ethidium bromide
- BSYBR green added to the reaction mix emits fluorescence when bound to single stranded DNA
- CReaction products are quantified after every PCR cycle
- DThe threshold cycle is used to indicate when the reaction plateaus after all reagents have been consumed
- EThe reaction involves the amplification of cDNA
20The pentose sugars found in DNA and RNA differ in which of the following ways?
- ABoth sugars have 5 carbons and form 5-membered rings, but ribose has an oxygen in the ring and deoxyribose does not.
- BThe ribose in RNA attaches to the nitrogenous base through the 2' carbon, whereas the deoxyribose attaches to the base through the 1' carbon.
- CBoth sugars have "puckered" rings but differ in which carbon lies outside of the plane of the rest of the ring atoms.
- DThe deoxyribose in DNA has a hydroxyl group in the 2' position but not the 3'.
- EThe ribose in RNA lacks a hydroxyl group on the 2' carbon.
21The human genome requires special structures for packaging DNA in the cell because:
- ADNA has a positively charged backbone that requires neutralization
- Bpackaging protects DNA from UV irradiation which can cause mutations
- Cthe genome comprises extensive information that needs to be accessed and replicated all the time
- Dthe nucleus does not have enough space in which it can be housed without packaging
- Eit is mostly "junk" DNA that would interfere with other cellular processes
22Electron micrographs of preparations of nuclear DNA reveal a "beads on a string" type of organization. The beads most likely represent.
- Aa dimeric complex of nuclear matrix proteins
- Ba tetramer of histone proteins around which DNA is wound 5 times
- Cribosomes
- Dmutations
- Ea nucleosome around which 150-200bp of DNA is wound
23Which of the following is likely to be the most stable?
- ADouble-stranded DNA that is 50% G + C
- BDouble-stranded DNA that is 35% G + C
- CDouble-stranded DNA that is 10% G + C
- DDouble-stranded DNA that is 65% G + C with only one mismatch
- EDouble-stranded DNA that is 65% G + C
24An advantage of dye-terminator Sanger sequencing over original Sanger sequencing methods is
- ANo radioactivity
- BIntegrated amplification of template DNA fragments
- CAll four nucleotides can be assessed in a single reaction chamber
- Da and c
- Ea, b and c
25What is the sequence of the template DNA used to generate this Sanger sequencing gel?
- A3’-TCCTGATTTCGGGTAC-5’
- B3’-AGGACTAAAGCCCATG-5’
- C3’-CATGGGCTTTAGTCCT-5’
- D3’-AGGACTGTACCCGAAA-5’
- E3’-GTACCCGAAATCAGGA-5’
26Next generation sequencing uses which of the following modified nucleotides
- Afluorescently labeled dideoxynucleotides
- Bnucleotides bearing an irreversible 3' block and a cleavable fluorescent label
- Cdideoxynucleotides bearing a cleavable fluorescent label
- Dnucleotide bearing a reversible 3' block and cleavable fluorescent label
- Enucleotide bearing a reversible 2' block and cleavable fluorescent label
27Geimsa stains
- Alipids associated with cell phagocytosis
- Bregions of chromosomes where transcription activity is greatest
- Ccentromeric regions only
- Dtelomeres only
- Enone of the above
28The long floppy N-terminal tail of histones are important because
- Athey fix the DNA to the nuclear matrix
- Bthey bind giemsa to allow visualization of chromosome banding patterns
- Ctheir positively charged residue bind and neutralize the phosphate backbone of DNA
- Dthey act to join adjacent nucleosomes together
- Enone of the above
29Which of the following is true of denatured double stranded DNA
- Aincreasing the temperature will allow the DNA to renature
- Breturning the ph to 7 from 2 will the DNA to renature
- Creducing the temperature slowly will often allow denatured DNA to renature
- Dincreasing H to 11 allows annealing of DNA strands
- ESince RNA is only partially double stranded it is unaffected by changes in pH and temperatures
30Which of the following absorbs the most light at a wavelength of 260 nm
- Afree dNTPS
- BssDNA
- CdsDNA
- Dproteins containing tryptophan
- Ea,b,c all absorb the same ammount of light at 260nm
31For the Sanger sequencing of a template DNA sequence 3'CATGGGTTTAGTCCT-5'. Which lane of the agorose gel represents the reaction mix containing ddATP
- AA
- BB
- CC
- DD
32Histones bind DNA:
- Athrough histone DNA binding accessory proteins HX and HY
- Bthrough specific interactions with the DNA major groove
- Coutisde the nucleus
- Dthrough non specific interaction with the phosphate backbone
- Ethrough interaction with a specific base residue GAATTC
33Neutralization of negative phosphate residue in the DNA backbone
- ADecreases melting temperature of the DNA
- Bcauses depurination of DNA
- Cmaintains DNA in single strand form
- Dincreasing the melting temperature of the DNA
- Eincreases absorbance of UV light at 260 nm
34Which of the following is an interaction that stabilizes 3D structure of DNA
- Ahydrogen bonding between adjacent sugar groups
- Brepulsion between the negatively charged phosphate group of the DNA backbone
- Cabsorbance of UV light
- Dstems loops involving greater than 5 bases and less than 10
- Ehydrophobic stacking
35A plasmid vector typically has which of the following features
- Aan origin of replication
- Ba selectable marker to ensure that only bacteria growing contain intact or recombinant vector
- Cunique restrictions sites for insertion of DNA
- Dsmall size to facilitate entry into the cell and biochemical manipulation of the DNA
- EAll of the above are features of plasmid vectors
36histone methylation in a particular region can be perpetuated by a protein complex containing
- Aa bromodomain motif and a HAT subunit
- Ba chromodomain and a HAT subunit
- Ca bromodomain and a HMT subunit
- DA chromodomain and a jumanji subunit
- EA chromodomain and a HMT subunit
37chromatin is composed of
- ADNA
- Bprotein
- CDNA and RNA
- DDNA and protein
- ERNA and Protein
38Successive nucleotides of a DNA chain are join
- Aglycoside bond between the 5 carbon of one nucleotide and the 3 carbon of the next
- Bh bonds between the complimentary bases
- Cphosphodiester bonds between the 3 carbon of one nucleotide sugar and 5 carbon of the next
- Dionic bonds between the phosphate group of one nucelotide and sugar group of the next
- Ephosphodiester bond between the 5 carbon of nucleotide and the 2 carbon of the next
39deoxyribonucleotide is composed of
- Aa nitrogenous base, ribose, a phosphate group
- Ba deoxyribose and phosphate group
- Cnitrogenous base and deoxyribose
- Da nitrogenous base, deoxyribose, a phosphate group
- Ea nitrogenous base and a ribose
40Eukaryotic genomes are different from prokaryotic genomes in that
- AEukaryotic genomes are not replicated at every cell cycle
- BEukaryotic genomes have introns
- CEukaryotic do not have introns
- DEukaryotic genomes are always larger than prokaryotic genomes
- Enone of the above
41Fill in the blanks. As Double stranded DNA melts SYBR green fluorescence ________ and 260 nm absorbance __________
- Aincreases, increases
- Bdecreases, decrease
- Cincrease, decrease
- Ddecrease, increase
- Eremain unchanged
42An advantage of dye-terminator Sanger sequencing over original Sanger sequencing methods is
- Aall four nucleotides can be asses in a reaction chamber
- Bthousands of segments can be sequenced in parallel
- Cintergrated amplification of template DNA fragments
- DB and C
- EA B C
43IMAGE
- A5'-GATTATATT-3'
- B5'-GGTGGCTT-3'
- C3'-GATTATATT-3'
- D5'-CTTCAGAAT-3'
- E3'-CTTCAGAAT-5'
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- Quiz on BCHM 3, created by joshua freedman on 11/11/2019.
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- joshua freedman
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- Created on 11 Nov 2019 · updated on 11 Nov 2019
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