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REPRO/NEPHRO BLOCK: Week 4 - More Kidneys

Melissa Denker 37 questions Updated 14 Dec 2016

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Questions in this quiz (37)

  1. 1What is the correct order of blood vessels in the kidney?
    1. ARenal artery
      Segmental arteries
      Lobar arteries
      Interlobar arteries
      Arcuate arteries
      Cortical radiate arteries
      Afferent arterioles
      Glomerulus
    2. BRenal artery
      Segmental arteries
      Lobar arteries
      Interlobar arteries
      Cortical radiate arteries
      Arcuate arteries
      Afferent arterioles
      Glomerulus
    3. CRenal artery
      Lobar arteries
      Interlobar arteries
      Segmental arteries
      Cortical radiate arteries
      Arcuate arteries
      Afferent arterioles
      Glomerulus
    4. DRenal artery
      Interlobar arteries
      Lobar arteries
      Arcuate arteries
      Cortical radiate arteries
      Segmental arteries
      Afferent arterioles
      Glomerulus
  2. 2What is the correct order of veins in the kidney?
    1. AGlomerulus
      Efferent arterioles
      Cortical radiate veins
      Arcuate veins
      Interlobar veins
      Lobar veins
      Segmental veins
      Renal vein
    2. BGlomerulus
      Efferent arterioles
      Arcuate veins
      Cortical radiate veins
      Interlobar veins
      Lobar veins
      Segmental veins
      Renal vein
    3. CGlomerulus
      Efferent arterioles
      Segmental veins
      Lobar veins
      Interlobar veins
      Arcuate veins
      Cortical radiate veins
      Renal vein
    4. DGlomerulus
      Efferent arterioles
      Cortical radiate veins
      Arcuate veins
      Lobar veins
      Interlobar veins
      Segmental veins
      Renal vein
  3. 3What is the lymphatic drainage of the kidneys?
    1. APara-aortic/lumbar lymph nodes
    2. BDeep inguinal lymph nodes
    3. CSuperficial inguinal lymph nodes
    4. DGroin lymph nodes
  4. 4Describe the process of bicarbonate reabsorption.
    1. Bicarbonate is filtered by the glomerulus
    ---Inside the tubule it associates with [blank_start]H+[blank_end] to form [blank_start]carbonic acid[blank_end]
    2. [blank_start]Carbonic anhydrase[blank_end] catalyses the [blank_start]dissociation[blank_end] of carbonic acid into [blank_start]H2O and CO2[blank_end]
    ---These can then be [blank_start]absorbed[blank_end] into the tubular cells
    3. Inside the cell, [blank_start]carbonic anhydrase[blank_end] catalyses the reaction between H2O and CO2 to form [blank_start]carbonic acid[blank_end] again
    4. The carbonic acid then [blank_start]dissociates[blank_end] into [blank_start]H+ and bicarbonate[blank_end] again
    5. [blank_start]Selective permeability[blank_end] ensures that the ions are transported in the right directions:
    ---H+ is [blank_start]secreted back into the lumen[blank_end], as H+ channels are only found on the [blank_start]luminal[blank_end] side
    ---Bicarbonate is [blank_start]absorbed into the capillaries[blank_end], as bicarbonate channels are only found on the [blank_start]basolateral[blank_end] side
    1. AH+
    2. Bcarbonic acid
    3. CCarbonic anhydrase
    4. Ddissociation
    5. EH2O and CO2
    6. Fabsorbed
    7. Gcarbonic anhydrase
    8. Hcarbonic acid
    9. Idissociates
    10. JH+ and bicarbonate
    11. KSelective permeability
    12. Lsecreted back into the lumen
    13. Mluminal
    14. Nabsorbed into the capillaries
    15. Obasolateral
  5. 5Describe the process of H+ excretion via titration with phosphate.
    1. [blank_start]H2O and CO2[blank_end] react to form [blank_start]carbonic acid[blank_end] inside tubular cells, catalysed by [blank_start]carbonic anhydrase[blank_end]
    ---NOTE: the H2O and CO2 is [blank_start]new[blank_end], i.e. produced inside the cell and not reabsorbed from the filtrate
    2. Carbonic acid dissociates to form [blank_start]H+ and a new bicarbonate ion[blank_end]
    3. [blank_start]Bicarbonate[blank_end] is absorbed into the capillary from the [blank_start]basolateral[blank_end] side (via selective permeability)
    4. [blank_start]H+[blank_end] is secreted back into the [blank_start]lumen[blank_end] (via selective permeability)
    5. Some H+ associates with [blank_start]phosphate ions[blank_end] to form [blank_start]H2PO4[blank_end]
    ---This is then excreted in the urine
    1. AH2O and CO2
    2. Bcarbonic acid
    3. Ccarbonic anhydrase
    4. Dnew
    5. EH+ and a new bicarbonate ion
    6. FBicarbonate
    7. Gbasolateral
    8. HH+
    9. Ilumen
    10. Jphosphate ions
    11. KH2PO4
  6. 6How much H+ is excreted via titration with phosphate per day?
    1. A40 mmol/day
    2. B50 mmol/day
    3. C60 mmol/day
    4. D70 mmol/day
  7. 7Describe the excretion of H+ via titration with ammonia.
    1. [blank_start]Ammonia[blank_end] is produced in the [blank_start]PCT[blank_end]:
    ---[blank_start]Glutamine[blank_end] is reabsorbed from the filtrate
    ---Inside the tubular cell, [blank_start]glutaminase[blank_end] catalyses the breakdown of glutamine into [blank_start]NH4+ and bicarbonate[blank_end]
    ---[blank_start]Bicarbonate[blank_end] is reabsorbed into the capillary
    ---[blank_start]NH4+[blank_end] is secreted into the lumen
    ---NH4+ is converted to [blank_start]NH3[blank_end]
    2. [blank_start]H2O and CO2[blank_end] react to form carbonic acid inside tubular cells, catalysed by [blank_start]carbonic anhydrase[blank_end]
    ---NOTE: the H2O and CO2 is new, i.e. produced inside the cell and not reabsorbed from the filtrate
    3. Carbonic acid dissociates to form [blank_start]H+ and a new bicarbonate ion[blank_end]
    4. [blank_start]Bicarbonate[blank_end] is absorbed into the capillary from the [blank_start]basolateral[blank_end] side (via selective permeability)
    5. [blank_start]H+[blank_end] is secreted back into the [blank_start]lumen[blank_end] (via selective permeability)
    6. Some H+ associates with [blank_start]NH3[blank_end] to form [blank_start]NH4+[blank_end]
    7.NH4+ is then excreted in the urine
    1. AAmmonia
    2. BPCT
    3. CGlutamine
    4. Dglutaminase
    5. ENH4+ and bicarbonate
    6. FBicarbonate
    7. GNH4+
    8. HNH3
    9. IH2O and CO2
    10. Jcarbonic anhydrase
    11. KH+ and a new bicarbonate ion
    12. LBicarbonate
    13. Mbasolateral
    14. NH+
    15. Olumen
    16. PNH3
    17. QNH4+
  8. 8How much H+ is excreted per day via titration with ammonia?
    1. A10-50 mmol/day
    2. B50-100 mmol/day
    3. C70-100 mmol/day
    4. D80-130 mmol/day
  9. 9How is the amount of H+ excretion in the urine increased when there are high levels of H+ in the blood?
    1. AUpregulation of glutaminase, leading to increased H+ excretion via titration with ammonia
    2. BIncreased phosphate excretion, leading to more phosphate in the tubules and increased H+ excretion via titration with phosphate
    3. CIncreased bicarbonate production in the tubular cells, leading to increased buffering in the blood to decrease H+ levels
    4. DDown-regulation of H2O and CO2 transport into tubular cells, leading to increased H+ excretion in carbonic acid
  10. 10What is the function of the mesangial cells in the juxtaglomerular apparatus?
    1. AUnknown
    2. BUnclear: possibly erythropoietin or smooth muscle-like functions
    3. CConstriction of the efferent arteriole to maintain GFR
    4. DVasodilation of the afferent arteriole to maintain GFR

Information

Description
Kidney function and anatomy
Language
English
Views
31
History
Created on 5 Dec 2015 · updated on 14 Dec 2016
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