CRRM

1. 1Why is it beneficial to hit the chest wall when the heart is in ventricular fibrillation?

   1. AProduces physical depolarisation of membranes to stop ectopic stimuli
   2. BProduces chemical depolarisation of membranes to stop ectopic stimuli
   3. CStops the action of acetylcholine on cardiac function
2. 2Addition of calcium chloride to isolated rabbit heart preparation resulted in:

   1. ADecrease in both heart rate and force of contraction
   2. BIncrease in both heart rate and force of contraction
   3. CIncrease in heart rate and no significant change in force of contraction
   4. DIncrease in force of contraction and no significant change in heart rate
   5. ENo change in heart rate or force of contraction
3. 3Addition of Atropine followed by Acetylcholine to isolated rabbit heart preparation resulted in:

   1. ADecrease in both heart rate and force of contraction
   2. BIncrease in heart rate and decrease in force of contraction
   3. CIncrease in both heart rate and force of contraction
   4. DDecrease in heart rate and increase in force of contraction
   5. ENo change in heart rate or force of contraction
4. 4Addition of propanolol followed by acetylcholine to isolated rabbit heart preparation resulted in:

   1. ADecrease in both heart rate and force of contraction
   2. BSmall increase in both heart rate and force of contraction
   3. CIncrease in both heart rate and force of contraction
   4. DDecrease in heart rate and increase force of contraction
   5. ENo change in heart rate or force of contraction
5. 5Addition of acetylcholine to isolated rabbit heart preparation resulted in:

   1. ADecrease in both heart rate and force of contraction
   2. BIncrease in heart rate and decrease in force of contraction
   3. CIncrease in both heart rate and force of contraction
   4. DDecrease in heart rate and increase in force of contraction
   5. ENo change in heart rate or force of contraction
6. 6Addition of Propanolol followed by Noradrenaline to isolated rabbit heart preparation resulted in:

   1. ASMALL decrease in both heart rate and force of contraction
   2. BSMALL increase in both heart rate and force of contraction
   3. CIncrease in both heart rate and force of contraction
   4. DDecrease in heart rate and increase force of contraction
   5. ENo change in heart rate or force of contraction
7. 7Addition of Phentolamine followed by Noradrenaline to isolated rabbit heart preparation resulted in:

   1. ASMALL decrease in both heart rate and force of contraction
   2. BSMALL increase in both heart rate and force of contraction
   3. CIncrease in both heart rate and force of contraction
   4. DDecrease in heart rate and increase in force of contraction
   5. ENo change in heart rate or force of contraction
8. 8Addition of noradrenaline to isolated rabbit heart preparation resulted in:

   1. ADecrease in both heart rate and force of contraction
   2. BIncrease in heart rate and decrease in force of contraction
   3. CIncrease in both heart rate and force of contraction
   4. DDecrease in heart rate and increase in force of contraction
   5. ENo change in heart rate or force of contraction
9. 9What are the 4 extracardiac causes of heart failure?

   1. AHypertension
   2. BValve disease
   3. CAnaemia
   4. DIschaemic heart disease
   5. EViral myocarditis
   6. FArrythmias
   7. GHaemorrhagic shock
10. 10What are the 3 cardiac causes of heart failure?

    1. AIschaemic heart disease
    2. BViral myocarditis
    3. CHaemorrhagic shock
    4. DHypertension
    5. EArrythmias
    6. FValve disease
    7. GAnaemia

11. 11The 4 ischaemic syndromes are:
    
    1. [blank_start]Myocardial infarction[blank_end]
    2. [blank_start]Angina pectoris[blank_end]
    3. [blank_start]Chronic ischaemic heart disease[blank_end] leading to chronic heart failure
    4. [blank_start]Sudden cardiac death[blank_end]

    1. ASudden cardiac death
    2. BAngina pectoris
    3. CChronic ischaemic heart disease
    4. DMyocardial infarction
12. 12What is the most common cause of heart failure in the Western population?

    1. AArrythmias
    2. BHypertension
    3. CIschaemic heart disease
    4. DValve disease
    5. EAnaemia
13. 13Left-sided heart failure leads to systemic oedema.

    1. ATrue
    2. BFalse
14. 14Right-sided heart failure leads to systemic and peripheral oedema

    1. ATrue
    2. BFalse
15. 15Which of the following treatments do NOT help to control excessive fluid retention in chronic heart failure?

    1. AAngiotensin Converting Enzyme (ACE) inhibitors
    2. BLoop-diuretics
    3. CGlycosides
    4. DDiuretics
16. 16Angina pectoris usually causes necrosis.

    1. ATrue
    2. BFalse
17. 17Myocardial infarction does not usually cause necrosis.

    1. ATrue
    2. BFalse
18. 18What is the hallmark of myocardial infarction?

    1. APathologic Q wave
    2. BPathologic QRS complex
    3. CT wave inversion
    4. DST elevation
19. 19What are the 2 main treatments for angina pectoris?

    1. AGlycosides
    2. BGlyceryl trinitrate
    3. Cβ-blockers
    4. DDiuretics
20. 20Cardiac Output = [blank_start]Heart Rate[blank_end] x [blank_start]Stroke Volume[blank_end]

    1. AHeart Rate
    2. BStroke Volume
21. 21The 2 control mechanisms which modify the work of the heart are:
    
    1. [blank_start]Intrinsic (Heterometric)[blank_end]
    2. [blank_start]Extrinsic (Homeometric)[blank_end]

    1. AIntrinsic (Heterometric)
    2. BExtrinsic (Homeometric)
22. 22According to Starling's Law of the heart, [blank_start]force of contraction[blank_end] is proportional to the [blank_start]initial fibre length[blank_end] in [blank_start]diastole[blank_end].

    1. Aforce of contraction
    2. Binitial fibre length
    3. Cdiastole
23. 23According to Starling's Law of the heart, an increase in stretch will cause an increase in the next contraction.

    1. ATrue
    2. BFalse
24. 24What is the most common cause of third-degree AV block?

    1. AIntermittent failure of AV conduction
    2. BAcute myocardial infarction
    3. CChronic degenerative disease of the conduction system
    4. DSudden cardiac death
    5. EAngina pectoris
    6. FChronic ischaemic heart disease
25. 25Where is the defect in second-degree AV block?

    1. AAt or before the AV node
    2. BAbove or below the Bundle of His
    3. CAV node
    4. DHis-Purkinje System
26. 26Where is the defect in first-degree AV block?

    1. AHis-Purkinje system
    2. BAV node
    3. CAt or before the AV node
    4. DAbove or below the Bundle of His
27. 27What characterises first-degree AV block?

    1. ANot every P wave is followed by a QRS complex
    2. BT-P interval not constant
    3. CLonger PR interval than normal (>0.2s)
    4. DAbnormally wide QRS complexes
28. 28What characterises third-degree AV block?

    1. AAbnormally wide QRS complexes
    2. BLonger PR interval than normal (>0.2s)
    3. CNot every P wave is followed by a QRS complex
    4. DP wave and QRS complexes are independent of one another
29. 29Which of the following types of heart block are not serious and do not usually require treatment?

    1. AMobitz Type II
    2. BBlock below the AV node
    3. CSufficient undamaged AV node tissue & no defect in the bundle of His
    4. DMobitz Type I
    5. EFirst-degree AV block

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1 Medicine (CRRM) Quiz on CRRM, created by Victoria Chan on 16/12/2015.

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Victoria Chan

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