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Questions in this quiz (125)
1The Psychosocial perspective is not at all compatible with the psychosexual view of development
- ATrue
- BFalse
2Children who do not experience the opportunity to differentiate self from others may later develop a narcissistic personality disorder
- ATrue
- BFalse
3The contemporary trends in psychoanalytic theory are reflected in object-relationsh theory, the self psychology model, and the relational model
- ATrue
- BFalse
4Brief psychodynamic therapists assume a neutral therapeutic stance as a way to promote transference
- ATrue
- BFalse
5Analytic therapy is oriented toward achieving insight
- ATrue
- BFalse
6Working through is achieved almost totally by catharsis, including getting out deeply buried emotions.
- ATrue
- BFalse
7From the Freudian perspective, resistance is typically a conscious process.
- ATrue
- BFalse
8The approach of Erik Erikson is known as object-relations theory.
- ATrue
- BFalse
9Object-relations theorists focus on symbiosis, separation, differentiation, and integration.
- ATrue
- BFalse
10In object-relations theory there is an emphasis on early development as a decisive factor influencing later development
- ATrue
- BFalse
11Who of the following is not considered an object-relations theorist
- AHeinz Kohut
- BMargaret Mahloer
- COtto Kernberg
- DErik Erikson
12Which of the following is not considered a contemporary psychoanalytic approach?
- Aobject-relations theory
- Bself psychology
- Crelational psychoanalysis
- Dclassical psychoanalysis
13Which of the following is not a characteristic of the newer psychoanalytic thinking?
- AEmphasis is on the origins, transofmations, and organizational functions of the self
- BThe contrasting experiences of others are highlighted
- CPeople are classified as compliant, aggressive, or detached types
- DFocus is on the differentiations between and integration of the self and others
- EEarly development is seen as critical to understanding later development
14All of the following are concepts developed by Carl Jung except
- AThe shadow
- Bnormal infantile autism
- Canimus and anima
- Dcollective unconscious
- Earchetypes
15According to Erikson's psychosocial view, the struggle between industry and inferioriy occurs during
- Aadolescence
- Bold age
- Cschool age
- Dinfancy
- Emiddle age
16Erikson's preschool-age phase corresponds to which Freudian stage>
- Aoral
- Banal
- Cphallic
- Dlatency
- Egenital
17Which term refers to the repetition of interpretations and the overcoming of resistance so that clients can resolve neurotic patterns?
- Aworking through
- Btransference
- Ccountertransference
- Dcatharsis
- Eacting out
18Analysis of transference is central to psychoanalysis because it
- Akeeps the therapist hidden and thus feeling secure
- Ballows clients to relive their past in therapy and to gain insight
- Chelps clients formulate specific plans to change behavior
- Dis considered the only way to get at unconscious material
- Eis the best way to understand one's lifestyle
19In brief psychodynamic therapy (BPT) the therapist
- Aassumes a nondirective and even passive role
- Bdeals exclusively with a single presneting problem
- Cassumes an active role in quickly formulating a therapeutic focus that goes beyond the surface of presenting problems
- Davoids treating any underlying issue
20With respect to applying the psychoanalytic approach to group counseling, which statement(s) is (are) true
- APsychodynamic group therapy is becoming increasingly popular
- BMembers can profit from identifying and exploring their transferences within the group
- CProjections onto the therapist and other members provide a clue to a member's unresolved conflicts
- DOne's ways of relating within the group provides clues to patterns outside of the group
- Eall of the above
21Borderline and narcissistic disorders have been given attention by
- Atraditional psychoanalysis
- BJungian therapy
- Cobject-relations theory
- DErikson's developmental approach
- Enone of the above
22During psychoanalytic treatment, clients are typically asked
- Ato monitor their behavioral changes by keeping a journal that describes what they do at home and at work
- Bto make major changes in their lifestyle
- Cnot to make radical changes in their lifestyle
- Dto give up their friendships
- Enone of the above
23Countertransference refers to
- Athe irrational reactions clients have toward the therapists
- Bthe irrational reactions therapists have toward their clients
- Cthe projections of the client
- Dthe client's need to be special in the therapist's eyes
- Eall except (irrational reactions clients have toward the therapists)
24Maintaining the analytic framework refers to
- AThe whole range of procedural factors in the treatment process
- BThe analyst's relative anonymity
- Cagreement on the payment of fees
- Dthe regularity and consistency of meetings
- Eall
25In psychoanalytic therapy (as opposed to classical analysis) which of the following procedures is least likely to be used?
- Athe client lying on the couch
- Bworking with transference feelings
- Crelating present struggles with past events
- Dworking with dreams
- Einterpretation of resistance
26Adlerian therapy is well suited to a brief or time-limited approach
- ATrue
- BFalse
27The concepts and techniques of the Adlerian approach are highly applicable to group counseling
- ATrue
- BFalse
28Striving for superiority is seen as a neurotic manifestation
- ATrue
- BFalse
29Adler maintains that our style of life is not set until middle age
- ATrue
- BFalse
30Adlerian therapy is flexible, and it can be tailored to work with culturally diverse clients
- ATrue
- BFalse
31Adlerian counselors do not make interpretations
- ATrue
- BFalse
32Adlerians place relatively little importance on the quality of the client-therapist relationship
- ATrue
- BFalse
33Analysis and assessment are a basic part of the counseling process
- ATrue
- BFalse
34Insight is best defined as understanding translated into action
- ATrue
- BFalse
35Adlerians believe childhood experiences in themselves are the decisive factor in shaping personality
- ATrue
- BFalse
36According to Adler, childhood experiences
- Aare not relevant to the practice of counseling
- Bdetermine the adult personality
- Cpassively shape us
- Din themselves are not as crucial as our attitude toward these experiences
- Eshould provide the focus of therapy
37The adlerian point of view toward the role of insight in therapy is best stated in this way
- AInsight is a prerequisite to any personality change
- Bto be a value, insight must be translated into a constructive action program
- Cpeople will not make changes until they know the precise causes of their personality problems
- Demotional insight must precede intellectual insight
- Ecognitive understanding is absolutely essential before significant behavior changes can occur
38Which of the following statements is not true as it is applied to Adlerian therapy
- Aconsciousness, not the unconscious, is the center of personality
- Bthe approach is grounded on the medical model
- Cit is a phenomenological and humanistic orientation
- Dfeelings of inferiority can be the wellspring of creativity
- Eearly influences can predispose the child to a faulty lifestyle
39Which of the following comes closets to the therapeutic goal of Adlerians
- Areauthoring one's life story
- Bengaging in solution-talk instead of problem-talk
- Cexperiencing feelings as intensely as possible
- Dmotivation modification
- Ebehavior modification
40The lifestyle assessment includes information based on
- Athe family constellation
- Bearly recollections
- Cbirthorder
- Dmistaken, self-defeating perceptions
- Eall
41Which is the correct sequence of human experiencing from an Adlerian perspective
- AFirst we feel, then we think, then we act
- BFirst we act, then we feel, then we think
- CFirst we think, then we feel, then we act
- DFirst we feel, then we act, then we think
- Enone
42Adlerians could best be described as using which techniques
- AThey use strictly cognitive techniques
- BThey use emotive and behavioral techniques to get people to think
- CThey are bound by a clear set of therapeutic techniques
- DThey fit a variety of techniques to the needs of each client
- EThey have an aversion to using techniques because they see the therapeutic relationship alone as the healing factor
43How would the Adlerian therapist view the personal problems of clients
- AAs the result of cultural conditioning
- BAs the end result of a process of discouragement
- CAs living with problem-saturated stories
- DAs the product of our innate tendencies toward self-destruction
- Enone
44Which of the following is not one of the four phases of the Adlerian therapeutic process
- Aestablishing the proper therapeutic relationship
- Bteaching the client the process of free association
- Cconducting a comprehensive psychological assessment
- Dencouraging the develpment of self-understanding
- Ereorientation and reeducation
45Which term does not fit Adlerian therapy
- Aholistic
- Bsocial
- Cteleological
- Ddeterministic
- Ephenomenological
46Which of the following does Adler not stress
- Athe unity of personality
- Bbiological and instrinctual drives
- Cdirection in which people are headed
- Dunique style of life that is an expression of life goals
- Efeelings of inferiority
47The phenomenological orientation pays attention to the
- Aevents that occur at various stages of life
- Bmanner in which biological and environmental forces limit us
- Cway in which people interact with each other
- Dinternal dynamics that drive a person
- Eway in which individuals perceive their world
48The concept of fictional finalism refers to
- Aan imagined central goal that guides a person's behavior
- Bthe hopeless stance that leads to personal defeat the manner in which people express their need to belong
- Cthe manner in which people express their need to belong
- Dthe process of assessing one's style of life
- Ean interpretation that individuals give to life events
49Adlerians consider which factor(s) to be influential in an individual's life
- Apsychological positon in the family
- Bbirth order
- Cinteractions among siblings
- Dparent-child relationships
- Eall
50Adlerians value early recollections as an important clue to the understanding of
- Aone's sexual and aggressive instincts
- Bthe bonding process between mother and child
- Cthe individual's lifestyle
- Dthe unconscious dynamics that motivate behavior
- Eorigin of psychological trauma in early childhood
51The key concepts of the existential approach can be integrated into most therapeutic approaches
- ATrue
- BFalse
52Existential therapists show wide latitude in the techniques they employ
- ATrue
- BFalse
53According to Sartre, existential guilt is the consciousness of evading commitment to choos for ourselves
- ATrue
- BFalse
54Existentialists maintain that our experience of aloneness is a result of our making inappropriate choices
- ATrue
- BFalse
55Techniques are secondary in the therapeutic process, and a subjective understanding of the client is primary
- ATrue
- BFalse
56To its credit, existential therapy is compatible with the trend toward evidence-based practice
- ATrue
- BFalse
57Park of the human condition is that hmans are both free and responsible
- ATrue
- BFalse
58Anxiety is best considered as a neurotic manifestation; thus, the principal aim of therapy is to eliminate anxiety
- ATrue
- BFalse
59Emmy van Deurzen has made significant contributions to the development of existential therapy in the United Kingdom through her writing and teaching
- ATrue
- BFalse
60The existential approach is a reaction against both psychoanalysis and behaviorism
- ATrue
- BFalse
61Who is the person who developed logotherapy
- AEmmy van Deurzen
- BRollo May
- CIrvin Yalom
- DJames Bugental
- EVictor Frankl
62Which is not a key concept of existential therapy
- AIt is based on a personal relationship between client and therapist
- BIt streses personal freedom in deciding one's fate
- CIt places primary value on self-awareness
- DIt is based on a well-defined set of techniques and procedures
- Enone
63The function of the existential therapist is to
- Adevelop a specific treatment plan that can be objectively appraised
- Bchallenge the client's irrational beliefs
- Cunderstand the client's subjective world
- Dexplore the client's past history in detail
- Eassist the client in working through transference
64According to the existential view, anxiety is a
- Aresult of repressed sexuality
- Bpart of the human condition
- Cneurotic symptom that needs to be cured
- Dresult of faulty learning
65Which of the following is not considered as one of Yalom's four "givens of existence?"
- Adeath
- Bfreedom and responsibility
- Cexistential isolation
- Dmeaninglessness
- Efictional finalism
66What is the most crucial quality of a therapist in building an effective therapeutic relationship with a client
- AThe therapist's knowledge of theory
- BThe therapist's skill in using techniques
- CThe therapist's ability to diagnose accurately
- Dthe therapist's authenticity
- Ethe therapist's application of evidence-based practices
67Who is the person who was the main American spokesperson of European existentail thinking as it is applied to psychotehrapy
- ARollo May
- BErik Erikson
- Crudolf Dreikurs
- DCarl Jung
- Enone
68Guilt and anxiety are viewed as
- Abehaviors that are unrealistic
- Bthe result of traumatic situations in childhood
- Cconditions that should be removed or cured
- Dall of them
- Enone
69The existential approach is based on
- Aspecific behaviors that can be assessed
- Ba scientific orientation
- Ca teaching-learning model that stresses the didactic aspects of therapy
- Da philosophical concern with what is means to be fully human
- Ea manualized approach to treatment
70Existential therapy is basically
- Aa behavioral approach
- Ba cognitive approach
- Can experiential and relational approach
- Dan evidence-based approach
- Ea recent development of the psychoanalytic model
71Existential therapy places emphasis on
- Aa systematic approach to changing behavior
- Bthe quality of the client-therapist relationship
- Cteaching clients cognitive and behavioral coping skills
- Duncovering early childhood traumatic events
- Eworking through the transference relationship
72The central theme running through the works of Viktor Frankl is
- Athat freedom is a myth
- Bthe will to meaning
- Covercoming our inferiority complex through striving for superiority
- Dthe importance of understanding one's family of origin
- Ebeing thrown into the universe without purpose
73The existential therapist would probably agree that
- Aaloneness is a sign of detachment
- Baloneness is a condition that needs to be cured
- Cultimately we are alone
- Dwe are alone unless we have a relgious faith
- Ewe are alone if we are not loved by others
74The concept of bad faith refers to
- Anot keeping up to date with paying one's therapist
- Bleading an inauthentic existence
- Cthe failure to cooperate with the therapeutic venture
- Dthe expeirnece of aloneness
- Ethe unwillingness to search for meaning in life
75Which of the following is a limitation of the existential approach in working with culturally diverse client populations
- Athe focus on understanding and accepting the client
- Bthe focus on finding meaning in one's life
- Cthe focus on death as a catalyst to living fully
- Dthe focus on one's own responsibility rather than on changing social conditions
- Ethe focus on the I/Thou relationship
76Person-centered therapy is best described as a completed and fixed "school", or model, of therapy
- ATrue
- BFalse
77Diagnosis of clients is seen as an important beginning point for therapy
- ATrue
- BFalse
78A major contribution of this approach has been the willingness of Rogers to state his formulations as testable hypotheses and submit them to research
- ATrue
- BFalse
79The person-centered approach to group counseling is based on the assumption that the group members have the resourcefulness for positive movement without the facilitator of the group assuming an active and directive role
- ATrue
- BFalse
80Directive procedures are called for when clients feel that they are "stuck" in therapy
- ATrue
- BFalse
81Natalie Rogers expanded on her father's theory of creativity using the expressive arts to enhance personal growth for individuals and groups
- ATrue
- BFalse
82This approach holds that the direction of therapy is the primary responsibility of the client, not the therapist
- ATrue
- BFalse
83A limitation of this approach is that it is a long-term process
- ATrue
- BFalse
84Methods of Natalie Roger's expressive arts therapy are based on psychoanalytic concepts
- ATrue
- BFalse
85Interpretations by the therapist typically tend to interfere with client growth, according to Rogers
- ATrue
- BFalse
86In person-centered group counseling, the rle of the counselor is best described as a
- Acoach
- Bteacher
- Cskilled group technician
- Ddirector
- Efacilitator
87person centered therapy is a form of
- Apsychoanalysis
- Bhumanistic therapy
- Cbehavioral therapy
- Dcognitive-oriented therapy
- Eboth behavioral and cognitive
88Which of the following is considered important in person-centered therapy
- Aaccurate diagnosis
- Baccurate therapist interpretation
- Canalysis of the transference relationship
- Dall
- Enone
89Congruence refers to the terapist's
- Agenuineness
- Bempathy for clients
- Cpositive regard
- Drespect for clients
- Ejudgmental attitude
90In person-centered therapy, transference is
- Aa necessary, but not sufficient, conditon of therapy
- Ba core part of the therapeutic process
- Ca neurotic distortion
- Da result of ineptness on the therapist's part
- Enot an essential or significant factor in the therapy process
91The role of techniques in a person-centered counseling group is to
- Ause them as a way to help members resolve conflicts within the group
- Buse techniques to encourage interaction among the participants
- Cuse structured exercises as a way to build trust in the group
- Dintroduce techniques to help members re-enact situation from their past
- Eavoid using techniques or exercises to get a gorup moving
92Accurate empathic understanding refers to the therapist's ability to
- Aaccurately diagnose the client's central problem
- Bobjectively understand the dynamics of a client
- Clike and care for the client
- Dsenese the innter world of the client's subjective experience
93Which technique(s) is (are) most often used in the person-centered approach?
- Aquestion and probing
- Banalysis of resistance
- Cfree association
- Dactive listening and reflection
- Einterpretation
94which statement is most true of person-centered theory
- Atherapists should be judgmental at times
- Btherapists should direct the session when clients are silent
- Cthe skill a therapist possesses is more important than his or her attitude twoard a client
- Dthe techniques a therapist usees are less important that are his or her attitudes
- Eboth (therapists should be judgmental at times) and (therapists should direct the session when clients are silent).
95Which of the following is a contribution of the person-centered view point
- Ait calls attention to the need to account for a person's inner experience
- BIt relies on research to validate the concepts and practices of the approach
- Cit provides the therapist with a variety of therapeutic techniques
- DIt focuses on an objective view of behavior
- Eboth (it calls attention to the need to account for a person's inner experience) and (it relies on research to validate the concepts and practices of the approach)
96One strength of the person-centered approach is that
- Ait offers a wide range of cognitive techniques to change behavior
- Bit teaches clients ways to explore the meaning of dreams
- Cit emphasizes reliving one's early childhood memories
- Dtherapists have the latitude to develop their own counseling style
- Eclients are given a concrete plan to follow
97A limitation of the person-centered approach is a
- Alack of research conducted on key concepts
- Btendency for practitioners to give support without challenging clients sufficiently
- Clack of attention to the terapeutic relationship
- Dfailure to allow clients to chose for themselves
98Rogers made a contribution to
- Adeveloping the humanistic movement in psychotherapy
- Bpioneering research in the process and outcomes of therapy
- Cfostering world peace
- Dpioneering the encounter-group
- Eall
99As a result of experiencing person-centered therapy, it is hypothesized that the client will move toward
- Aself-trust
- Ban internal source of evaluation
- Cbeing more open to evaluation
- Dbeing more open to experience
- Ea willingness to continue growing
- Fall
100Unconditional positive regard refers to
- Afeeing a sense of liking for clients
- Baccepting clients as worthy persons
- Capproving of clients' behavior
- Dagreeing with clients' values
- Eaccepting clients if they meet the therapist's expectiations
101Resistance refers to defenses we develop that prevent us from experiencing the present in a full and real way
- ATrue
- BFalse
102Blocked energy can be considered a form of resistance
- ATrue
- BFalse
103The basic goal of Gestalt therapy is adjustment to society
- ATrue
- BFalse
104Recent trends in Gestalt practice include more emphasis on confrontation, more anonymity of the therapist, and increased reliance on techniques
- ATrue
- BFalse
105Dreams contain existential messages, and each piece of dream work leads to assimilation of disowned aspects of the self
- ATrue
- BFalse
106Gestalt therapy is well suited for group cousneling, especially when there is a here-and-now emphasis within the group
- ATrue
- BFalse
107One of the functions of the therapist is to pay attention to the client's body language
- ATrue
- BFalse
108Gestalt techniques are primarily aimed at teaching clients to think rationally
- ATrue
- BFalse
109A major function of the therapist is to make interpretations of clients' behavior so that they can begin to think f their patterns
- ATrue
- BFalse
110Perls contends that the most frequent source of unfinished business is resentment
- ATrue
- BFalse
111The main founder of Gestalt therapy is
- ACarl Rogers
- BFritz Perls
- CAlbert Ellis
- DWilliam Glasser
- Enone
112Which is not true of Gestalt therapy
- Athe focus is on the "what" and "how" of behavior
- BThe focus is on the here and now
- CThe focus is on integrating fragmented parts of the personality
- DThe focus is on unfinished business from the past
- Ethe focus is on the "why" of behavior
113Which of the following is not a key concept of Gestalt therapy
- Aacceptance of personal responsibility
- Bintellectual understanding of one's problems
- Cawareness of the present moment
- Dunfinished business
- Edealing with the impasse
114According to the Gestalt view, awareness
- Ais by itself therapeutic
- Bis a necessary, but not sufficient, condition for change
- Cwithout specific behavioral change is useless
- Dconsists of understanding the causes of one's problems
115The basic goal of Gestalt therapy is to help clients
- Amove from environmental support to self-support
- Brecognize which ego state they are functioning in
- Cuncover unconscious motivations
- Dwork through the transference relationship with the therapist
- Echallenge their philosophy of life
116The impasse is the poit in therapy at which clients
- Ado not have external support available to them
- Bexperience a sense of "being stuck"
- Care challenged to get into contact with their frustrations and accept whatever is
- Ddo all of these
- Edo none of these
117Gestalt therapy can best be characterized as
- Aan insight therapy
- Ban experiential therapy
- Can action-oriented therapy
- Dall of these
- Enone of these
118Gestalt therapy encourages clients to
- Aexperience feelings intensely
- Bstay in the here and now
- Cwork through in impasse
- Dpay attention to their own nonverbal messages
- Edo all of these
119The focus of Gestalt therapy is on
- AThe relationship between client and counselor
- Bfree associating to the client's dreams
- Crecognizing one's own projections and refusing to accept helplessness
- Dunderstanding why we feel as we do
- Eall of these
120A contribution of the gestalt approach is that
- Ait sheds light on tranference
- Bit is primarily a cognitive perspective
- Cit stresses talking about problems
- Dit deals with the past in a lively manner
121the process of distraction, which makes it difficult to maintain sustained contact, is
- Aintrojection
- Bprojection
- Cretroflection
- Dconfluence
- Edeflection
122The tendency to uncritically accept others' beliefs without assimilating or internalizingthem is
- Aintrojection
- Bprojection
- Cretroflection
- Dconfluence
- Edeflection
123the process of blurring awareness of the boundary between self and environment is
- Aintrojection
- Bprojection
- Cretroflection
- Dconfluence
- Edeflection
124The process of turning back to ourselves what we would like to do to someone else is
- Aintrojection
- Bprojection
- Cretroflection
- Dconfluence
- Edeflection
125What is a limitation (or limitations) of Gestalt therapy as it is applied to working with culturally diverse populations
- AClients who have been culturally conditioned to be emotionally reserved may not see value in experiential techniques
- Bclients may be "put off" by the emphasis on expressing feelings
- Cclients may be looking for specific advice on solving practical problems
- Dclients may believe showing one's vulberablity is being weak
- Eall
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- Quiz on Untitled, created by Ally Castaldo on 12/08/2016.
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- Ally Castaldo
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