Flashcards
Types and characteristics of Soft Matter
Cards in this deck (22)
- 1Colloidal dispersionSub micron sized particles of solid or liquid dispersed in a liquid
- 2Polymer meltSize and connectivity of molecules lead to new properties, such as rubber behaviour
- 3Liquid crystalsAnisotropic molecule shapes lead to states with a degree of ordering intermediate between a solid and liquid
- 4Surface area to volume ratio of a spherical molecule
- 5Colloids at low shear rateFlows like a liquid
- 6Colloid at high shear rateBehaves like a solid
- 7Polymer definitionA large molecule with typically more that 50 individual units
- 8Behaviour of thermoplastics at different temperaturesAt low temperature it behaves like a solid. At high temperature it softens as its molecules move with greater mobility
- 9The four characteristics of soft matterThe length scale
Brownian motion
Weak short range forces
Ability to self assemble into hierarchical structures - 10Typical size range for a colloidMacroscopic, ie less than a micron in size but larger than nanometers
- 11Implications of the size rangeOne needn't consider every detail about a colloid down to the atomic scale, and may use a "course grain model"
- 12Typical energy range for bonds in soft matterOn the level of thermal energy (~kT)
- 13Main type of force involved with soft matter interactionsvan der Waals' forces
- 14Definition of surface tensionForce acting per unit width:
- 15Definition of work done to change the area in surface tension interactions
- 16Explanation of self assembleySoft matter systems move towards an equilibrium which is the most thermodynamically favourable (reducing free energy)
- 17Ingredients of a proteinProteins are made up of polymerise amino acids
- 18Primary structure of a proteinThis is just a sequence of amino acids
- 19Secondary structures of a proteinAlpha helices: a polypeptide chain forms a helix, stabilised by hydrogen bonds
Beta sheets: Successive parts of the polypeptide chain form sheets, where neighbouring strands are joined by hydrogen bonds - 20Tertiary structure of proteinsA fully three dimensional arrangement of the polypeptide chain and all other structures
- 21Polypeptide definitionChain molecules made by the reactions of amino acids. They typically have 50-2000 amino acid residues
- 22Hydrogen bond definitionA bond formed when a hydrogen atom is covalently bonded to to an electronegative atom. It creates an attractive energy to other atoms intermediate between a van der Waals' force and a full covalent bond
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- Description
- Taken from JK's Lecture 1 material and RAL Jones' book.
- Created by
- TheMightyBluPepper .
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