Flashcards
Structural Components
Cards in this deck (56)
- 1axial force loadvertical force acting on a structural member; creates compression
- 2basementa story that is partially or completely below grade
- 3daylight basementa basement with a door to the exterior
- 4beam(girder)a structural member that carries loads from other member such as rafter, joists, and other beams
- 5bow(bowed)a curve along the axis
- 6ceiling joisthorizontal structural member forming the ceiling of a room below an attic
- 7vaulted ceilinga ceiling that extends at an angle about the full height wall
- 8tray ceilinghorizontal ceiling raised above the top of a full height wall; often raised and decorated with crown molding
- 9cinder blocka concrete masonry unit made using coal ash or other residue of combustion
- 10collar tiehorizontal member in the upper 1/3 of attire between two rafters to help reduce roof uplift
- 11collumna generic term for a member designed to carry loads vertically
- 12concrete masonry unitCMU; usually rectangular block mad from concrete, aggregate, and water
- 13compressionthe force that crushes or shortens a structural member
- 14condominiuma form of property in which the owner holds 100% of a dwelling unit and shares the common elements
- 15cupa board that is curved along the face
- 16deflectiona condisiont where the member bends for its normal state; implies that it is temporary
- 17deformationa structural member that changes shape from its normal state; permanent change, usually called creep
- 18dormera projection above a slope roof; usually has a window
- 19eavesthe extension of the rafters bend the exterior wall
- 20footingpart of the foundation that transmits loads directly to the soil, usually concrete
- 21ground snow loadestimate weight of snow on a surface
- 22groutmortar with high water content; used to fill cores of CMUs
- 23headerbeam above an opening in a wall
- 24joisthorizontal member that supports a floor or ceiling
- 25keywaya slot or groove used to secure concrete of masonry wall that are built at different times;
- 26dead loaddownward force on a house imposed by the weight of the building itself
- 27live loadthe weight of the occupants and belongings of a house
- 28piera column designed to support a concentrated vertical load
- 29pilastera columbus that supports a concentrated vertical load, may be in or out of a building and is often taller and more decorative than a pier
- 30pilea column installed to support the load of the house vertically; driven deeply to hit solid bedrock in less supportive soils
- 31roof pitcha ratio of the height to the horizontal width; a 12 foot rise for 24 foot run is a 1/2 pitch
- 32plumbvertical
- 33plumb cutvertical cut of a rafter at ridge or hip; also vertical cut of a stringer in stairs
- 34purlinbrace installed near the midpoint of a faster that transfers the load to load-bearing wall; consists of purlin and purlin brace
- 35rackingthe distortion or movement of a structure or its components; usually wind or seismic caused
- 36common rafteran inclined roof structural member that runs from ridge to top plate
- 37fill-in rafterdimension lumber used in truss construction where trusses and i-joists rafters are not practical
- 38hip rafteran ascending rafter formed at the intersection to two hip roof sections
- 39jack raftera rafter that runs between a hip or valley rafter and the ridge; or between two rafters.
- 40rafter tailthe part to the rafter that extends past the exterior wall
- 41rafter tiehorizontal member running between rafters on opposites sides of the roof when ceiling joists run perpendicular to the rafters
- 42ridgetop horizontal board or beam of a roof
- 43rotatea condition where a structural member moves laterally from its normal position relative to vertical
- 44seat cuthorizontal rafter cut at a wall top or valley
- 45shearthe deformation of a structural member in which parallel planes slide relative to each other
- 46shear walla wall designed not to change shape under loads such as wind and earthquake
- 47sheathingmaterial covering the top of the rafters, top of the floor joist, or exterior wall components
- 48slope of a roofnumber of inches that roof rises per 12 inches of run
- 49spanhorizontal distance between structural supports
- 50squareintersecting walls that form a 90º angle
- 51studgrade of lumber used in wall construction rated below #2; vertical structural member of a wall
- 52cripple studa less than full height vertical usually found under windows and partial height walls
- 53jack studa less than full height vertical placed under a header to provide bears support
- 54king studa full height vertical placed on the sides of a header
- 55notching joist/beammay not exceed 1/6 of member depth except at the ends where 1/4 is ok; not longer than 1/3 member depth and not allowed in middle 1/3 of beam
- 56boring joist/beamhole diameter may not exceed 1/3 member depth and may not be within 2" of edge or another hole
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- NHIE Home Inspection Flashcards on Structural Components, created by Andrew Adams on 19/03/2019.
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- Andrew Adams
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