Flashcards
Space
Cards in this deck (31)
- 1Types of Star1) Normal Star
2) Big Star
They have two different life cycles - 2Life Cycle of a Normal StarNebulae
Proto Star
Main sequence Star
Red Giant
Planet Nebular with White Dwarf
Black Dwarf - 3Life Cycle of a Big StarNebulae
Proto Star
Red Super Giant
Supernova
Neutron Star or Black Hole - 4Measuring distance in spaceAstronomers don't use Meters, Kilometres or Miles to measure distance in space because the number would be too large.
- 5Light YearsInstead, astronomers use Light Years to measure distance in space.
A light year is the distance travelled by light in one year.
Light travels at 300,000,000 meters per second - 6Distance = speed x timeMeters in one light year=
300,000,000m/s x 365 days x 24 hrs x 3600 seconds in one year
One light year = 9.46 x 10 to the power 16
This means it takes 8.3 mins for light to get from the Sun to the Earth - 7MercuryDoesn't have any Satellites
- 8VenusDoesn't have any Satellites
- 9EarthHas one Satellite
The Moon - 10MarsHas two Satellites
Phobos & Deimos - 11JupiterHas four Satellites
Io, Europa, Ganymede and Callisto - 12Saturnhas 9 Satellites
Mimas, Tethys, Rhea, Enceladus, Dlone, Titan, Hyperlon, Lapetus & Phoebe - 13UranusHas six Satellites
Puck, Miranda, Oberon, Ariel, Umbriel &Titania - 14Neptunehas three satellites
Proteus, Triton & Nereid - 15PlutoHas three satellites
Charon(the biggest) Hydra & Nix - 16Summer & WinterThe Earth orbits the Sun taking 365 days or 1 year- giving us seasons.
The Earth is tilted on it's axis- 23.5 degrees towards the sun
In summer Britain is almost directly facing the sun. It is hotter because the sun's rays are concentrated over a smaller area
In winter Britain is at a larger angle to the sun and the rays are spread over a larger area so it is cooler - 17Day & NightThe Earth takes 24 hours to spin on it's axis giving us day and night.
The Sun rises in the east.
As the Earth rotates, one side is facing the sun and this will be in daytime, whilst the other side is away from the sun and will be experiencing night. - 18Phases of the MoonThe Moon orbits the Earth and appears to change shape in the sky. we see the bright parts of the Moon's surface at different angles. These are called "phases" of the Moon.
The first phase of the moon is always a new moon. It takes 29.5 days to go through all 8 phases- known as a Lunar month - 19Solar EclipseEarth is the best place in the Solar System to see a Solar Eclipse due to the relative distances of the Earth and the Moon from the Sun combined with the sizes of all 3 meaning that when a total solar eclipse happens the Moon almost completely covers the sun
- 20Lunar EclipseA lunar eclipse occurs when the Moon passes directly behind the Earth into its umbra (shadow). This can occur only when the Sun, Earth, and Moon are aligned exactly, or very closely so, with the Earth in the middle. Hence, a lunar eclipse can only occur the night of a full moon.
- 21TidesThe Moon effects Earth particularly by causing Tides.
The Moon orbits the Earth in the same direction as the Earth rotates on it's axis so it takes slightly more than a day for the moon to return to the same point in the sky- 24hrs 50 mins
The Moon has a gravitational pull and water is attracted to it. The side of the earth nearest to and opposite the moon are at high tides whilst the other sides are at low tide
- 22Spring Tides and Neap TidesSpring Tides happen when the sun and moon are in line - it has the most difference between high and low tide.
Neap Tides are when the tidal range is at it's smallest - 23Space TravelImportant to discover more life/see how they survive and answer questions on Space.
Countries involved in Space Travel- USA, Canada, China, Russia, Japan, Germany, Italy, UK, India, France.
International Space Station (ISS)- large space craft orbiting Earth, home for astronauts, holds supplies and allows experiments not possible on Earth.
Man landed on the Moon on July 20th 1969- race between US and Russia- US won. - 24RocketsRockets leaving earth have to overcome the force of gravity.
Jet engines- mix fuel with oxygen supply and ignites them- combustion produces gases at high pressure which are funnelled out through nozzle, forcing the rocket up.
Fins- stabilise rocket
Stages- pieces which fall away once fuel inside is used
Payload- (under nose-cone) can be anything from satellite to manned capsule
Thrusters- small rockets placed around space craft to help it alter it's course once in space. - 25MassThe amount of matter an object contains.
The more matter an object has the greater the mass of the object.
Mass is measured in grams and kilograms
An object's mass stays the same wherever it is. - 26GravityAll objects have a force that attracts them towards each other- gravity.
Even you attract other objects to you but you have too little mass for the force to be very strong. We are pulled down towards the ground because of the gravitational pull towards the centre of the Earth - 27WeightWeight is a force caused by gravity. The weight of an object is the gravitational force between the object and Earth. The more mass the object has the greater it's weight will be. Weight is a force so measured in newtons- 1kg=10n
- 28SatellitesA satellite is a moon, planet or machine that orbits a planet or star. For example, Earth is a satellite because it orbits the sun. Likewise, the moon is a satellite because it orbits Earth. Usually, the word "satellite" refers to a machine that is launched into space and moves around Earth or another body in space
- 29Polar OrbitIs a satellite moving vertically around the earth
- 30Geostationary OrbitA satellite orbiting horizontally around the Earth
- 31Uses of artificial SatellitesArtificial satellites
Artificial satellites orbiting the Earth are used for:
telecommunications
satellite navigation systems (‘satnav’)
spying on other countries, and
weather forecasts.
Communications satellites occupy a geostationary orbit.
Earth observation and monitoring satellites occupy polar orbits
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- GCSE Year 7 Science (Physics) Flashcards on Space , created by Katie Owen on 02/05/2015.
- Created by
- Katie Owen · May 2015
- Updated
- Feb 19, 2016
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