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Pharmacology VII (100 Flash Cards)

ACAPUN INSTITUTE Flashcards: Pharmacology Praxis Spanish 100 cards

Pharmacology VII (100 Flash Cards)

Cards in this deck (100)

  1. 1Aplastic anemia is a toxic effect that occurs after a course of tx with which antibiotic?chloramphenicolAplastic anemia is a toxic effect that occurs after a course of tx with which antibiotic?
  2. 2side effect of prolonged tetracycline hydrochloride therapy??suprainfection
    photosensitivity
    discoloration of new teeth
    GI symptoms
    ***NOT vestibular disturbances --> this is streptomycin    side effect of prolonged tetracycline hydrochloride therapy??
  3. 3colitis that results following clindamycin therapy is caused by an overgrowth of a. C. difficile b. staph aureus c. pseudomonas d. candida albicansc. diff
    duh    colitis that results following clindamycin therapy is caused by an overgrowth of a. C. difficile b. staph aureus c. pseudomonas d. candid...
  4. 4which antibiotic is appropriate for premed in penicillin allergic patient?clindamycin
    ***erythromycin can also be an answer    which antibiotic is appropriate for premed in penicillin allergic patient?
  5. 5Acycolvir used to treat what?Herpes simplexAcycolvir used to treat what?
  6. 6Advantage that tetracyclines have over penicillins is that they...have a wider range of antibacterial activity --BROAD SPECTRUMAdvantage that tetracyclines have over penicillins is that they...
  7. 7Which of the following has the broadest antimicrobial spectrum? a. vancomycin b. clindamycin c. erythromycin d. chlorotetracycline e. a third gen cephlosporinchlorotetracyclineWhich of the following has the broadest antimicrobial spectrum? a. vancomycin b. clindamycin c. erythromycin d. chlorotetracycline e. a t...
  8. 8Sulfanomides & Trimethoprim are synergistic bacteriostatic agents bc they both...interfere sequentially with folic acid productionSulfanomides & Trimethoprim are synergistic bacteriostatic agents bc they both...
  9. 9Most effective against fungal infections of the mucous membrane?NystatinMost effective against fungal infections of the mucous membrane?
  10. 10most desirable property of antibiotic when used to treat odontogenic infection is?ability to achieve and maintain adequate concentrations at the site of infectionmost desirable property of antibiotic when used to treat odontogenic infection is?
  11. 11Which drug chelates with calcium?TetracyclineWhich drug chelates with calcium?
  12. 12Which is NOT a characteristic of tetracycline?NOT effective substitute for penicillin pre-med against infective endocarditisWhich is NOT a characteristic of tetracycline?
  13. 13Concurrent admin of PenG and probenecid results in?decreased renal excretion of PenG
    ***probenicid always has something to do w/renal excretion    Concurrent admin of PenG and probenecid results in?
  14. 14interaction between penicillin and probenicid is best described by?alteration in rate of renal clearanceinteraction between penicillin and probenicid is best described by?
  15. 15when broad spec antibiotics are administered with COUMARIN anticoagulants, the coumarin action may be...INCREASED bc of reduction in vitK sourceswhen broad spec antibiotics are administered with COUMARIN anticoagulants, the coumarin action may be...
  16. 16therapeutic effectiveness of which drug will be most affected by ingestion of antacids?tetracyclinetherapeutic effectiveness of which drug will be most affected by ingestion of antacids?
  17. 17erythromycin should be avoided in the patient taking a. aspirin b. seldane c. benadryl d. ibuprofen e. propranololSELDANE
    ***potentially lethal interaction. seldane will stay unmetabolized and cause cardiac arrthymias
    ***decreases the metabolism of digoxin as well    erythromycin should be avoided in the patient taking a. aspirin b. seldane c. benadryl d. ibuprofen e. propranolol
  18. 18Quinidine is primarily used to treat...supraventricular tachyarrhthmiasQuinidine is primarily used to treat...
  19. 19Quinidine is used to treat...atrial fibrillation
    ***same as other question but just gave you a different type of arrythmia    Quinidine is used to treat...
  20. 20Verapamil is most effecacious in tx of ...atrial fibrillationVerapamil is most effecacious in tx of ...
  21. 21Most useful drug in treatment of prevention of angina pectoris?PropranololMost useful drug in treatment of prevention of angina pectoris?
  22. 22each of the following drugs can be used in prevention of tx of angina pectoris EXCEPT... a. digitalis b. propanolol c. nitroglycerin d. isosorbidide dinitratea. digitaliseach of the following drugs can be used in prevention of tx of angina pectoris EXCEPT... a. digitalis b. propanolol c. nitroglycerin d. i...
  23. 23all of the following drugs are useful in the tx of hypertension EXCEPT a. ephedrine b. reserpine c. methyldopa d. thiazide diureticsa. ephedrineall of the following drugs are useful in the tx of hypertension EXCEPT a. ephedrine b. reserpine c. methyldopa d. thiazide diuretics
  24. 24DIGITALIS is useful in tx of which condition? a. AFib b. congestive heart failure c. paroxysmal atrial tachycardia d. all of the aboveALL THE ABOVEDIGITALIS is useful in tx of which condition? a. AFib b. congestive heart failure c. paroxysmal atrial tachycardia d. all of the above
  25. 25all of the following drugs are useful in tx of cardiac arrythmias EXCEPT a. digitalis b. lidocaine c. phenytoin d. procainamide e. aminophyllinee. aminophyllineall of the following drugs are useful in tx of cardiac arrythmias EXCEPT a. digitalis b. lidocaine c. phenytoin d. procainamide e. aminop...
  26. 26drug of choice for initial therapy of MILD hypertension?chlorothiazidedrug of choice for initial therapy of MILD hypertension?
  27. 27which antihypertensive reserved for SEVERE hypertension?Guanethidine and ganglion blocking agentswhich antihypertensive reserved for SEVERE hypertension?
  28. 28which B-adrenergic receptor blocking agents is thought to be cardioselective?metoprololwhich B-adrenergic receptor blocking agents is thought to be cardioselective?
  29. 29antiarrthymic drugs, like quinodine, suppress certain cardiac arrhythmias by ...increasing REFRACTORY PERIOD of cardiac muscleantiarrthymic drugs, like quinodine, suppress certain cardiac arrhythmias by ...
  30. 30most important pharmocological action of drugs that suppress cardiac arrhythimias is ...increased refractory period of cardiac musclemost important pharmocological action of drugs that suppress cardiac arrhythimias is ...
  31. 31lidocaine produces its antiarrythmic effects by a. increasing AV conduction b. decreasing cardiac excitability c. increasing cardiac conduction velocity d increasing spontaneous pacemaker activityb. decreasing cardiac excitability
    ***arythimias are defined by abnormality in rhythm of heart due to disease or injury to impulse systems    lidocaine produces its antiarrythmic effects by a. increasing AV conduction b. decreasing cardiac excitability c. increasing cardiac cond...
  32. 32When digitalis is used in AFib, the therapeutic objective is to ...DECREASE rate of A-V conductionWhen digitalis is used in AFib, the therapeutic objective is to ...
  33. 33Nitroglycerine dilates the coronary arteries in angina pectoris by ...direct action on smooth muscle in vessel wallsNitroglycerine dilates the coronary arteries in angina pectoris by ...
  34. 34Propanolol is value in treating angina pectoris bc it...prevents chronotropic responses to endogenous epinephrine, emotions, and exercisePropanolol is value in treating angina pectoris bc it...
  35. 35Primary antihypertensive effect of captopril is due to accumulation of what?Angiotensin I
    *** angiotensin II is a potent vasoconstrictor
    ***captopril blocks angiotension conversion
    ***captopril also lowers BP by increasing BRADYKININ (vasodilator)    Primary antihypertensive effect of captopril is due to accumulation of what?
  36. 36Which of the folllowing is NOT characteristic of thiazide diuretics?cause HYPOGLYCEMIA this is NOT a characteristic
    ***thiazides cause hyperglycemia and hypokalemia
    ***decrease renal absorption of Na+    Which of the folllowing is NOT characteristic of thiazide diuretics?
  37. 37Which of the following drugs act by inhibiting renal reabsorption of Na+?chlorothiazideWhich of the following drugs act by inhibiting renal reabsorption of Na+?
  38. 38digoxin exerts its positive inotropic effect by a. activation of adenylcyclase b. inhibition of phosphodiesterase c. an agonist effect of beta-receptors d. inhibition of Na, K ATPase leading to increased calcium influx e. decreasing the amount of calcium made available for excitation-contraction couplingD. inhibits Na/K ATPase leading to increased calcium influxdigoxin exerts its positive inotropic effect by a. activation of adenylcyclase b. inhibition of phosphodiesterase c. an agonist effect of...
  39. 39digitoxin is effective in tx of cardiac failure because ithas a positive cardiac inotropic action
    ***congestive heart failure
    ***shuts off Na/K pump leading to increased ca2+    digitoxin is effective in tx of cardiac failure because it
  40. 40primary action of therapeutic dose of digitalis on cardiac muscle is an increase in what?FORCE OF CONTRACTION
    ***decrease AV signaling but also increased force of contraction    primary action of therapeutic dose of digitalis on cardiac muscle is an increase in what?
  41. 41the cardiac glycosides will increase the concentration of which ion in an active heart muscle?Calcium
    ***inhibits Na/K ATPase which causes increase calcium    the cardiac glycosides will increase the concentration of which ion in an active heart muscle?
  42. 42Which of the follow ions augments the concentration of which ion in active heart muscle?CalciumWhich of the follow ions augments the concentration of which ion in active heart muscle?
  43. 43The tx of congestive heart failure, digitalis glycosides generally decrease all of the following except? a. edema b. urine flow c. heart size d. heart rate e. residual diastolic volumeb. urine flow
    ***this is thiazide diuretics    The tx of congestive heart failure, digitalis glycosides generally decrease all of the following except? a. edema b. urine flow c. heart ...
  44. 44The mechanism of action of prazosin, an antihypertensive agent is to...inhibit postsynaptic action of norepi on vasular smooth muscle
    ***selective alpha blocker    The mechanism of action of prazosin, an antihypertensive agent is to...
  45. 45which of the following owes a significant amt of its antihypertensive effect to a CENTRAL ACTION?methlydopa
    ***methyldopa and clonidine = central CNS control of blood pressure    which of the following owes a significant amt of its antihypertensive effect to a CENTRAL ACTION?
  46. 46Which drugs is thought to reduce arterial blood pressure by activating alpha receptors in the vasomotor center of medulla?Clonidine
    **CNS acting
    **also methyldopa does this    Which drugs is thought to reduce arterial blood pressure by activating alpha receptors in the vasomotor center of medulla?
  47. 47Propanolol can be used in tx of hypertension because it blocks what?release of renin and reflex tachycardia
    ***blocking renin release is the other mechanism of beta blockers besides blocking heart directly    Propanolol can be used in tx of hypertension because it blocks what?
  48. 48one of the proposed mechanism of the antihypertensive effect of beta adrenergic receptor blocking agents is?antirenin effectone of the proposed mechanism of the antihypertensive effect of beta adrenergic receptor blocking agents is?
  49. 49Selective beta 1 AGONISTS will produce what effects?INCR cardiac outputSelective beta 1 AGONISTS will produce what effects?
  50. 50ototoxicity with deafness may be encountered occasionally in patients taking which of the following diuretic agents? a. osmotic b. thiazide c. mercurial d. high-cielingHIGH CIELING
    ***ex Furosomide
    ***loop or high cieling diuretic    ototoxicity with deafness may be encountered occasionally in patients taking which of the following diuretic agents? a. osmotic b. thiazi...
  51. 51symptoms of digitalis toxicity include all of the following EXCEPT a. extrasystoles b. nausea and vomiting c. yellow-green vision d. A-V conduction block e. decreased P-R intervaldecreased P-R intervalsymptoms of digitalis toxicity include all of the following EXCEPT a. extrasystoles b. nausea and vomiting c. yellow-green vision d. A-V ...
  52. 52admin of which of the following drugs increases the likelihood of toxic response to digitalis?chlorothiazide
    ***this is a diuretic which causes potassium loss or hypokalemia this results in greater penetration of digitalis into the myocardium    admin of which of the following drugs increases the likelihood of toxic response to digitalis?
  53. 53therapeutic effect of salicylates?inhibit the synthesis of prostaglandinstherapeutic effect of salicylates?
  54. 54mechanism of the antipyretic action of salicyclates results from?inhibit PG synthesis in CNS affecting hypothalamic temperature regulationmechanism of the antipyretic action of salicyclates results from?
  55. 55antipyretic action of salicyclates is explained in part by?cutaneous vasodilation leading to increased heat lossantipyretic action of salicyclates is explained in part by?
  56. 56the locus of action of aspirin's central antipyretic effect is the a. brain stem b. hypothalamus c. basal ganglia d. limbic system e. cerebram cortexhypothalamusthe locus of action of aspirin's central antipyretic effect is the a. brain stem b. hypothalamus c. basal ganglia d. limbic system e. cer...
  57. 57patient who has been taking large quantities of aspirin might show increased post op bleeding because aspirin inhibits what?synthesis of thromboxane A2 and prevents platelet aggregationpatient who has been taking large quantities of aspirin might show increased post op bleeding because aspirin inhibits what?
  58. 58anti-inflammatory agents like aspirin interefere with hemostasis byinhibit platelet aggregationanti-inflammatory agents like aspirin interefere with hemostasis by
  59. 59which of the following anti-inflammatory agents does NOT act primarily by inhibiting activity of prostaglandin synthetase?Triamcinolone (corticosteroid)
    ***corticosteroids inhibit phospholipase A2    which of the following anti-inflammatory agents does NOT act primarily by inhibiting activity of prostaglandin synthetase?
  60. 60a non-steroidal, anti-inflammatory agent that appears to produce fewer GI disturbance than high doses of aspirin?ibuprofena non-steroidal, anti-inflammatory agent that appears to produce fewer GI disturbance than high doses of aspirin?
  61. 61prolonged use of which of the following drugs does NOT cause a predisposition to gastric irritation and bleeding? a. phenytoin b. ibuprofen c. idomethacin d. phenylbutazone e. acetylsalicylic acidPhenytoinprolonged use of which of the following drugs does NOT cause a predisposition to gastric irritation and bleeding? a. phenytoin b. ibuprof...
  62. 62each of the following agents has been associated with GI irritation except? a. aspirin b. alcohol c. ibuprofen d. indomethacin e. acetaminophenacetaminopheneach of the following agents has been associated with GI irritation except? a. aspirin b. alcohol c. ibuprofen d. indomethacin e. acetami...
  63. 63which is not produced by excessive doses of acetylsalicylic acid? a. delirium b. tinnitus c. hypothermia d. hyperventilation e. metabolic acidosisc. hypothermia
    --it only lowers your temp if you have a fever
    otherwise aspirin has zero effect on body temp    which is not produced by excessive doses of acetylsalicylic acid? a. delirium b. tinnitus c. hypothermia d. hyperventilation e. metabolic...
  64. 64all of the following are pharmacologic and toxicologic properties of aspirin except? a. tinnitus b. analgesia c. salicyclism d. antipyresis e. suppression of immune responsesuppression of immune responseall of the following are pharmacologic and toxicologic properties of aspirin except? a. tinnitus b. analgesia c. salicyclism d. antipyres...
  65. 65T/F: acetylsalicyclic acid causes methemoglobinemiafalse
    **tinnitus, analgesia, antipyresis, and anti PG synthesis    T/F: acetylsalicyclic acid causes methemoglobinemia
  66. 66aspirin does not cause what?suppression of cough reflex
    ***does cause occult bleeding, neausea/vomit, acid base disturbance, decreased tubular reabsorption of uric acid    aspirin does not cause what?
  67. 67which is not true of acetaminophen?cross allergenic with aspirin
    ***DOES have analgesic and antipyretic affects, may induce methemoflobinemia at high doses, active form acetophenetidin
    ***its NOT a salicyclate    which is not true of acetaminophen?
  68. 68most prominent acute toxic effect associated with acetaminophen ishepatic necrosismost prominent acute toxic effect associated with acetaminophen is
  69. 69which antiinflammatory agents does not act by inhibiting activity of cyclooxygenase?prednisone (steroid)which antiinflammatory agents does not act by inhibiting activity of cyclooxygenase?
  70. 70which drug to use to lower fever in child under 12?acetaminophenwhich drug to use to lower fever in child under 12?
  71. 71which analgesic has the longest half life?diflunisal
    **only take 2x per day instead of 3-4x    which analgesic has the longest half life?
  72. 72least likely characteristic of narcotic ingestion?diarrhea
    **these cause constipation not diarrhea    least likely characteristic of narcotic ingestion?
  73. 73morphine administered IM may produce what symptoms?constipation, euphoria, dysphoria, mental clouding, decreased pain responsemorphine administered IM may produce what symptoms?
  74. 74which drug acts to suppress cough reflex?codeinewhich drug acts to suppress cough reflex?
  75. 75morphine binds to which site to produce analgesia?Mu receptors in the CNSmorphine binds to which site to produce analgesia?
  76. 76morphine causes vomiting by...stimulation of medullary chemoreceptor trigger zonemorphine causes vomiting by...
  77. 77the decrease in ventilation cause by morphine, meperidine, and other opioids depends onloss of sensitivity of the medullary respiratory center to carbon dioxidethe decrease in ventilation cause by morphine, meperidine, and other opioids depends on
  78. 78Pathognomonic symptoms of narcotic overdose?miosis, coma and depressed respiration
    ***pinpoint pupils -hallmark effect    Pathognomonic symptoms of narcotic overdose?
  79. 79barbituates and morphine depresses respiration primarly by...rendering the respiratory center in the brain stem less sensitive to CO2 changesbarbituates and morphine depresses respiration primarly by...
  80. 80cause of death with opioid intoxication ?respiratory depressioncause of death with opioid intoxication ?
  81. 81opioid that has both agnostic and antagonistic activities?pentazocineopioid that has both agnostic and antagonistic activities?
  82. 82A heroin-dependent patient should NOT be given nalbuphine (Nubain) for pain because a. It has no analgesic properties b. It may produce respiratory depression c. As a mixed agonist-antagonist, it can elicit withdrawal symptoms d. The high abuse potential of nalbuphine may add to the patient's problemsc. mixed agonist/antagonistA heroin-dependent patient should NOT be given nalbuphine (Nubain) for pain because a. It has no analgesic properties b. It may produce r...
  83. 83patient sober from narcotics for 6 months, which analgesic should be avoided?pentazcinepatient sober from narcotics for 6 months, which analgesic should be avoided?
  84. 84antagonist of choice for opioid overdose?naloxoneantagonist of choice for opioid overdose?
  85. 85methadone used for detox of patients dependent on morphine because?has less intense and stressful withdrawal symptoms than morphinemethadone used for detox of patients dependent on morphine because?
  86. 86widely used in tx of opioid dependent people?methadonewidely used in tx of opioid dependent people?
  87. 87meperedine (demerol) isan opioid analgesicmeperedine (demerol) is
  88. 88atropine and propantheline exert effects on peripheral structures bycompeting with AcH for receptor sitesatropine and propantheline exert effects on peripheral structures by
  89. 89Neostigimine produces its effect byinhibit AcH esterase activityNeostigimine produces its effect by
  90. 90Organophosphates insecticides and nerve gases inhibit action of which enzymes?acetylcholinesteraseOrganophosphates insecticides and nerve gases inhibit action of which enzymes?
  91. 91drugs which are additive or potentiate effects of AcH includemethacholine, neostigimine, and pilocarpinedrugs which are additive or potentiate effects of AcH include
  92. 92which drugs is best to administer after poisoning by an organophosphate cholinesterase inhibitor?pralidoximewhich drugs is best to administer after poisoning by an organophosphate cholinesterase inhibitor?
  93. 93antagonizing cholinesterase?neostigmine
    ***enhances and prolongs effect of AcH
    ***stimulate denervated skeletal muscle bc it acts directly on end plate    antagonizing cholinesterase?
  94. 94prevent laryngospasm?succinylcholine
    **skeletal muscle relaxant    prevent laryngospasm?
  95. 95to treat xerostomia?use neostigmine
    ***stimulates cholinergenic response    to treat xerostomia?
  96. 96which would create dry secretions in oral cavity?propantheline
    ***also atropine and scopolamine    which would create dry secretions in oral cavity?
  97. 97most useful type of drug to induce saliva?cholinergenicmost useful type of drug to induce saliva?
  98. 98control excess saliva?atropine and methanelinecontrol excess saliva?
  99. 99admin of ganglionic blocking agents will result in?orthostatic hypotensionadmin of ganglionic blocking agents will result in?
  100. 100tachycardia in a patient administered with atropine or scopolamine results from a. release of adrenal catecholamines b. blockade of vagus nerve activity c. blockade of the nicotinic cholinergic receptor d. stimulation of the alpha adrenergic receptor e. stimulation of the beta adrenergic receptorb. block of vagus nerve activitytachycardia in a patient administered with atropine or scopolamine results from a. release of adrenal catecholamines b. blockade of vagus...

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Praxis Flashcards: Pharmacology Flashcards on Pharmacology VII (100 Flash Cards), created by ACAPUN INSTITUTE on 14/07/2021.
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