Evolution and Natural Selection notes
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This GoConqr page gathers notes on evolution and natural selection, from adaptations and genetic change to speciation and extinction. The collection includes over 160 notes for school students, university students and professional candidates studying these topics, as well as teachers seeking ready-made material. Pick a note that matches what you are studying.
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- Origin of Life141
- History of Evolutionary Thought87
- Evidence for Evolution404
- Genetic Variation75
- Population Genetics and Evolutionary Mechanisms145
- Natural Selection421
- Artificial Selection47
- Adaptations215
- Speciation318
- Patterns of Evolution27
- History of Life and Extinction35
- Phylogenetics and Classification57
- Human Evolution97
Notes
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Climate Changes and Agriculture Homo sapiens first appeared in Ethiopia 200,000Climate changes and natural disasters influenced human migrationsGlaciation - Riss Glaciation from 200,000 - 130,000-N. Europe and America were covered in ice- Afric...
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Evolution of Multicellular Life 1. Paleozoic Era A. Cambrian Period I. "Cambrian Explosion:" the diversification of life early on in this period II. First time organisms had hard parts, shells and...
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Evolution What were the Major drivers of evolution?1. Tectonic movement of continental platesSubduction resulted in Volcanoes or Earthquakes, and mountains. Recent Continental movement include:Pangaea supercontinent during...
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ADAPTATION OF PLANTS - created from Mind Map CLASSIFICATION OF PLANTS BASED ON HABITATS adjustment of an organism to the environment ADAPTIVE FEATURES
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Fossil Evidence biology GCSE Fossil Evidence for Human Evolution Ardi is a fossil hominid 4.4 million years ago -Ardipithecus ramidus. Found in Ethiopia -Structure of feet suggests she climbed trees-ape like big toe grasping branches -Long ...
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Evolution and speciation Evolution is where the species change slowly over time.Only the fittest survive.Charles Darwin came up with the theory of evolution.It’s called the theory of natural selection.Darwin knew that organisms in a species s...
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Chapter 8: Leaving the Water Challenges drying out - smaller org. more susceptible because of large surface area without large body size temperature extremes greater O and CO2 behave differently in air than in water Vision and Hearing both change...
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Chapter 24 Origin of species Speciation - The process by which one species splits into two or more species Reproductive Isolation - existence of biological factors that impede two species from producing offspring Hybrids -...
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Origin of Amniotes the most successful group of terrestrial organisms. What are Amniotes? amniotes are a group of tetrapods The egg is equipped with an amnios which is an adaptation to lay eggs on land rather than in water...
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Untitled What is convergent evolution? Evolve from different common ancestor but end up look the same. (sharks and dolphins) o What is morphology? How things look. o What is the difference b...
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WHERE DO SPECIES COME FROM? BIOLOGICAL EVOLUTION BY NATURAL SELECTION EXPLAINS HOW LIFE CHANGES OVER TIME Biological evolution is the process where by earth's life changes over time through changes in the genes of populations. In 1858 Charles Da...
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Mind Map - created from Mind Map Biodiversity Evolution Species and Speciation
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Biology Week 7 Reproductive Isolation: the ability to interbreed. Diverging characters can affect this. Prezygotic Barriers: A mechanism that blocks reproduction from taking place. Includes barriers that prevent fertilizat...
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Untitled convergent evolution:he process whereby organisms not closely related (not monophyletic), independently evolvesimilar traits as a result of having to adapt to similar environments or ecological niches. analogy:&n...
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Some unit 2 bio notes The founder effect: New population established by a small number of individuals only some genetic variation Genetic bottleneck: large proportion of population is killed or otherwise prevented from reproducing&nb...
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Adaption and Evolution 1/12/17
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Chapter 22 Descent with modification Evolution: Pattern - observations of natural world changing over time Process - mechanism that cause observed changes 1. Diversity of Life ...
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Ecology and Evolution (P2) Standard Level Biology: Ecology and Evolution (P2) The animal kingdom consists of two separate sub-phyla, vertebrates (chordata) and invertebrates.In invertebrates consist of the following sub-phyla: 1. Porifera (spon...
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Untitled What's the difference between a phylogeny, an evolutionary tree, a phylogenetic tree, and a cladogram? For general purposes, not much. This site, along with many biologists, use these terms interchangeably — al...
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Molecular Evolution - creado desde un Mapa Mental Molecular Clocks: Technique that uses mutation rates in DNA to estimate the time that two species have been evolving independently. Emilio Chaparro 4ºC Neutral Mutation as "Ticks": Have no effect on the phenotype. Acc...
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Biology no. 1 Theories of EvolutionScientists estimated life began on Earth about 3 billion years ago Book 1: 1 1.8 Changing Pathogens Some bacteria develop resistance to antibiotics so should use antibiotics properly, bacteria hav...
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Human Evolution - created from Mind Map BIOLOGICAL EVOLUTION Skeletal Changes linked to Bipedalism Change in Endocranial Features Changes in manipulative ability of the hand Valgus angle shifts knees under center of gravity Non-divergent toe allows "thrust"...
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Untitled What Charles Darwin's contribution to the theory of evolution? After extensive research, Charles Darwin developed a theory to explain how organisms change over time. Natural selection A process in which organisms...
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Natural Selection Descent with Modification: 1. Claimed that all biodiversity came from one common ancestor & that ancestor changed and adapted over time. 2. Proposed a mechanism for adaptive modification and biodiversity; called...
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IMP Questions Of chapter Q.1 Describe the Oparin-Haldane theory of Chemical Evolution ANS - The russian scientist Alexender Oparin (1924) and British scientist J.B.S.Haladane (1929) proposed the theory of chemical evolution o...
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Evolution of Humans Homo Erectus lived about 1.4 million years ago. Erectus means "Man who walks upright."He has modern limbs and he lived in social groups. Ramapithecus lived 14 million years ago. Said to be the our oldest ancestor. He ...
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The Theory of Evolution Darwin's theory of evolution Charles Darwin was an English naturalist who studied variation in plants, animals and fossils during a five-year voyage around the world in the 19th century. Darwin visited four continents...
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Speciation - created from Mind Map Species The divergence of biological lineages and emergence of reproductive isolation Species Concepts
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Untitled Mass extinction o which many species become extinct over a relatively short period of time o Entire ecosystems vanish o Causes: asteroid, volcanic eruptions, moving continents...
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Untitled B1.7.1-4The accepted theory of evolution explains that it happens by natural selection. The key points are that: Individuals in a species show a wide range of variation and this variation is because of differences in ...
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AP Bio Big Idea 1: Evolution The process of evolution drives the diversity and unity of life.EU 1A – Change in the genetic makeup of a population over time is evolution. 1. Natural selection is a major mechanism of evolution. 2. Natural selection...
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sciPAD Page 292 1. How do scientists know that hominis evolved in, and subsequently dipersed from, Africa. Both fossil and DNA evidence indicates an African origin for the Homo genus. 2. Outine why early Homo were successful...
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Mass Extinctions Mass Extinctions Mass Extinction Event: The phenomenon in which a large number of species of life on earth become extinct in a relatively short period of time. There have been five mass extinction events: ...
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Evolution - created from Mind Map Origin of Life Patterns of Evolution Evidences
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Week Five Examples of evolution: Fossils: Provide solid evidence that organisms from the past aren't the same as those found today. They show a progress of evolution. Scientists can determine the age of fossils and categor...
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Bio Evolution Lamarck proposed theory of acquired traits Natural selection developed by Charles Darwin natural selection is governed by a few factors---must produce more offspring than can survive variation in a ...
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Chapter 7 Chapter 7 The theory of evolution is the theory that single-celled organisms have changed and mutated (evolved) into much more complex organisms of today.Natural selection is nature's way of selected the fittest type ...
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Evolution theory - created from Mind Map def: modern organism descended with modification from preexisting life forms formulated by Charles Darwin & Alfred Russel 3 natural processes:
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Mutations and Antibiotic Resistance Mutations A mutation occurs (when a gene is copied incorrectly) If a mutation is beneficial an organism will survive longer and reproduce more Some offspring will inherit the mutation Those offspring will also survive...
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Evolutionary Biology - created from Mind Map 4 Postulates of Evolution Origins of Variation Types of Selection