Parentheses, Dashes, Hyphens and Ellipses

Start with parentheses

The mind map Focus on Punctuation introduces parentheses as a way to enclose nonessential elements within or at the end of a sentence. It also includes their use around a separate sentence. Start there for an overview, then look at Parenthesis for examples of adding a clarification, comment or specific fact.

Another parentheses mind map covers explanations of a previous idea and information that clarifies. Comparing the maps can help you see how their examples relate to the uses they describe.

Explore dashes and hyphens

The Dash mind maps cover dash types and uses, including replacing other punctuation. One also discusses using a pair of dashes in place of brackets or commas. Read the examples alongside the parentheses maps to compare how the marks can set information apart.

The Hyphen mind map discusses compound terms and word division. The flashcards on parentheses and hyphens include questions about correct sentences and numbers written in words. Use them after the maps to practice recognizing the choices described.

Study ellipses, then check your understanding

The Ellipsis mind map outlines uses and variations, including the omission of words and phrases. Ellipses covers pauses and omitted words. Together, they offer a starting point for the Ellipsis quiz, which asks you to choose correct sentences and consider a longer sentence.

After trying the quiz, return to the maps and compare their explanations with the questions you found difficult. The quiz gives you a way to practice the punctuation choices introduced in the maps.

Place the topic in the unit

Parentheses, Dashes, Hyphens and Ellipses is a section of the Punctuation and Capitalization unit in English language. The resources bring several punctuation marks together through explanations, examples and questions. Explore a map that interests you and use its examples as a starting point for practice.