Basic genetics

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Genetics

genetics - branch of biology that deals with heredity and genetic variation.

heredity - passing of triats from parents to their offspring.

we have character and traits for example hair color is character and black/brown is the trait.

Gregor Johann Mendel - father of genetics.

dominant gene 'AA' or 'Aa' (heterozygous/homozygous)

recessive gene 'aa' (homozygous)

homozygous - both alleles are the same

heterozygous -both alleles are different.

diploid -organisms that have to sets of chromosomes

pure lines - are the descendants obtained after inbreeding for several generations.

Inbreedings is a process of crossing individuals from the same family.

phenotype - features that can be seen or observed by us externally. eg tall height.

Genotype -genetic make up that can be observed eg. Tt or TT.