IR and Global grouping, Effect of Policies & Politics of Countries on India's Interests, International Treaty & Agreement

* India as nonpermanent member of UNSC for 2 years for 2021 -22 voted by unqnimously by 55 countries including Pakistan n China. India has been non permanent member for 7 times n 8th will be 2021-22. every year UNGA hold election of 5 non permanent members on regional basis out of 10.

UNSC - 5 Permanent member n 10 non permanent for rotation basis of 2 years.one of six main organ of United nation n only organ having binding decision on member nation

* Kobe (hyogo Japan) - ahemedabad sister city Nov 2016

Other in 2013: Delhi - Beijing, Bengaluru - Chengdu and Kolkata - kunming

* US Senate has passed National Defense Authorisation Act (NDAA) for the fiscal year 2020, which will bring India at par with NATO counties. Act will provide increased "India - US" defence cooperation, counter terrorism and humanitarian crisis in india ocean region.

US has already give India Strategic trade authorization tier - 1 status and Major defence partner (in 2016).

* BEPS - India has ratified Multilateral Convention to Implement Tax Treaty Related Measures (MLI - In force in india from Oct 1, 2019) to prevent BEPS - It ensures that profits are taxed where substantive economic activities generating the profits are carried out.

MLI is outcome of OECD/G20 project.

* The United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime's report "global study on homicide" Mentions people killed in homicide is 5 times higher than armed conflict.

Although homicide cases increased from 4lac in 1992 to 4.6 lac in 2017 but decreases to 6.1 from 7.2 when compared to population.

Globally highest rate happens in America 37% followed by Africa 35% ( Nigeria -boko Haram accounted for around half of the homicide cases in the region). Asia having less than quarter 23% is lowest. (Safest place is Asia,Europe n Oceania) & highest crime in Al Salvador, Jamaica, bahamas, Columbia n Panama.

World wide highest homicide is against men in organised crime group 15-29 age group then 30 -40yrs. 

Crime linked to partner Account for quarter of cases, (India seeing rise in this record ). North India seeing increase in homicide n south cases are decreasing. Overall decrease of 10% in homicide

Environment (particularly conflict over resources and changes associated with increasing temperatures) has played an important role in increased homicides

* Comprehensive nuclear test ban treaty org - 1992 , HQ - Vienna. CTBTO runs the International Monitoring System (IMS) of 300-odd stations, which can sense vibrations, hear sounds or smell noble gases (such as Xenon, Krypton) ‘radionuclides’ (such as Beryllium-7). And global nuclear explosion.

* Reason for India's exit to RCEP -

1. Inadequate protection against Import surge

2. Trade deficit

3. Lack of market access

4. Base year issue (2013 instead of 2014)

5. Sector impacted

6. Rules of origin

* Financial Action Task Force

• The Financial Action Task Force (FATF) is an inter-governmental body established in 1989 during the G7 Summit in Paris
• HQ of OECD paris have it's Secretariat. With 37 members n India is member.
• FATF Plenary is the decision making body of the FATF. It meets three times per year.

 

* West bank - Jordan won this part in 1948 in Arab-isrieli war but israel snatched it back in Jordan Israel war 1967.

UNGA, UNSC & ICJ All declared settlement in this area by Israel violative of 4th Geneva Convention (it prohibits any settlement by any country in occupied area)

 

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