Pregunta 1
Pregunta
The primary role of B-vitamins is to
Pregunta 2
Pregunta
Which amino acid can be converted to niacin by the body?
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Phenylalanine
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Tyrosine
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Leucine
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Tryptophan
Pregunta 3
Pregunta
The DNA for making every protein in our bodies is contained in every cell nucleus.
Pregunta 4
Pregunta
Protein functions most effectively when
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You consume at least 1 gram per lb. of body weight
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You eat too few calories
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There are adequate calories from carbohydrates & fats in the diet
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You strength train & consume at least 1 gram per lb. of body weight
Pregunta 5
Pregunta
What mineral enhances the ability of insulin to transport glucose?
Respuesta
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Manganese
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Iodine
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Chromium
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Choline
Pregunta 6
Pregunta
The functions of proteins are all of the following except:
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Cell growth, repair, and maintenance
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Primary energy source
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Fluid balance
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Acting as enzymes & hormones
Pregunta 7
Pregunta
The RDA for protein, for sedentary people is
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60 grams
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0.8 gram/kg/body weight
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1 gram/kg/body weight
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2 grams/kg/body weight
Pregunta 8
Pregunta
A semi-vegetarian is someone who
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eats animal products once in awhile
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typically excludes or limits red meat
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eats only fish but not poultry or red meat
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consumes no dairy products
Pregunta 9
Pregunta
During protein synthesis, what is the term given to the amino acid in least supply?
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Incomplete amino acid
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Limiting amino acid
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Complementary amino acid
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All of the above
Pregunta 10
Pregunta
Mutual supplementation refers to what?
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The process of combining 2 proteins
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The amino acid that is missing or in smallest supply
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The process of combining 2 or more incomplete proteins
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The process of combining a protein & a carbohydrate
Pregunta 11
Pregunta
The spongy bone that is found within the ends of long bones is called _________
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Cortical
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Osteoblast
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Collagen
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Trabecular
Pregunta 12
Pregunta
Bone cells that are responsible for bone resorption are called ____
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Osteoclasts
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Cortical
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Osteoblasts
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Trabecular
Pregunta 13
Pregunta
In addition to proper growth & development, bone remodelling is critical in maintaining _______
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Blood glucose levels
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Blood calcium levels
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Blood coagulation
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Vitamin D production
Pregunta 14
Pregunta
At what age does bone resorption generally begin to occur more rapidly than bone formation?
Pregunta 15
Pregunta
Assuming equal serving sizes, which of the following foods would be the poorest source of calcium?
Respuesta
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Skim Milk
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Whole Milk
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Cheddar cheese
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Cottage cheese
Pregunta 16
Pregunta
If a healthy individual were to consume too much calcium from the diet, which of the following is MOST likely to occur?
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They would experience hypercalcemia
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They would begin to produce kidney stones
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Their gastrointestinal tract would limit the absorption of calcium
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Calcium deposits would accumulate in the soft tissues of the body
Pregunta 17
Pregunta
Which of the following organs is responsible for the synthesis of vitamin D?
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Skin
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Liver
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Kidneys
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All of the above
Pregunta 18
Pregunta
Vitamin D toxicity is associated with
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Sunburns
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Suntan lotions
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Seafood
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Supplements
Pregunta 19
Pregunta
Calcitonin is a hormone secreted by the _________ gland.
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Adrenal
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Parathyroid
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Pituitary
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Thyroid
Pregunta 20
Pregunta
Individuals who have diseases that results in the malabsorption of _____ are at risk for a vitamin D deficiency.
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Carbohydrate
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Fat
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Minerals
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Protein
Pregunta 21
Pregunta
Most of the body's phosphorus is stored in _______
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The liver
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Adipose tissue
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Skeleton
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Kidneys
Pregunta 22
Pregunta
Fluorosis is associated with _______
Pregunta 23
Pregunta
The hormone that assists in maintaining blood calcium levels by stimulating the activation of Vitamin D is _______
Pregunta 24
Pregunta
Which of the following plant sources of calcium has the lowest bioavailability?
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Kale
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Spinach
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Brocolli
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Turnip greens
Pregunta 25
Pregunta
As bone resorption begins to occur more frequently than bone formation, adults tend to lose height.
Pregunta 26
Pregunta
As compared to light-skinned individuals, the synthesis of vitamin D is limited in individuals with darker skin.
Pregunta 27
Pregunta
The fluid portion of the blood is called
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Serum
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Platelets
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Leukocytes
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Plasma
Pregunta 28
Pregunta
Which of the following statements is FALSE regarding free radicals?
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Free radicals are formed as a by-product of healthy metabolism
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Our body has no mechanism to combat free radicals
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Exposure to pollution increases free radical production
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Many diseases, such as cancer & heart disease, are linked to free radical damage
Pregunta 29
Pregunta
Toxicity symptoms of vitamin A include birth defects, spontaneous abortion, blurred vision, & liver damage
Pregunta 30
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are very stable atoms
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are rarely formed by the body's fundamental physiological processes
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damage the cell's mitochondria
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are formed by exposure to air pollution & tobacco smoke
Pregunta 31
Pregunta
Which of these has NOT been linked to free radical damage?
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Cancer
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Heart disease
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Arthritis
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Type I diabetes
Pregunta 32
Pregunta
Which of the following increases the RDA for vitamin C?
Pregunta 33
Pregunta
Which of the following statements if FALSE regarding free radicals?
Respuesta
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Free radicals are formed as a by-product of healthy metabolism
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Our body has no mechanism to combat free radicals
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Exposure to pollution increases free radical production
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Many diseases, such as cancer & heart disease, are linked to free radical damage
Pregunta 34
Pregunta
A diet adequate in carbohydrates helps to ensure the use of Protein for growth & maintenance & is called _____
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Protein intense
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Carbohydrate intense
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Protein sparing
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Fat lacking
Pregunta 35
Pregunta
Which water-soluble vitamin can regenerate vitamin E after it has been oxidized?
Respuesta
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Vitamin D
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Vitamin B12
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Vitamin C
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Folate
Pregunta 36
Pregunta
Taking Vitamin E supplements along with _____ can cause uncontrollable bleeding
Pregunta 37
Pregunta
Which of the following statements is FALSE concerning Vitamin C?
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Vitamin C is also known as ascorbic acid
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Vitamin C acts as an antioxidant that may help to reduce the risk of chronic diseases
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Vitamin C helps the immune system by enabling the body to make white blood cells
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Smokers should consume less Vitamin C than non-smokers
Pregunta 38
Pregunta
The doctor has recently told Julie that she is anemic. Julie should consume _____ with her iron supplement to increase its absorption
Pregunta 39
Pregunta
Consuming even moderately excessive doses of Vitamin C supplements would be most harmful to individuals suffering from ____
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Scurvy
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Diabetes mellitus
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Hemochromatosis
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Keshan disease
Pregunta 40
Pregunta
Beta-carotene is a precursor of
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Retinol
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Alpha-tocopherol
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Zeaxanthin
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Ascorbic acid
Pregunta 41
Pregunta
What other vitamins or minerals are instrumental to bone health besides calcium?
Respuesta
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Phosphorus & vitamins K, E & D
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Phosphorus, magnesium, & vitamins K & D
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Phosphorus, magnesium, fluoride, & vitamins K & D
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Vitamin D, phosphorus, magnesium & fluoride
Pregunta 42
Pregunta
Dowager's hump is one characteristic of
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Fluorisis
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Osteoporosis
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Rickets
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The female athlete triad
Pregunta 43
Pregunta
Vitamin C is essential in the synthesis of
Respuesta
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Ascorbic acid
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Collagen
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Carbohydrates
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Hemoglobin
Pregunta 44
Pregunta
Bone density is influenced by
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Genetics
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Dietary intake
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Body weight
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All of the above
Pregunta 45
Pregunta
Vitamin D is converted to its active form by the
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Skin
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Bones
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Liver & kidneys
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Small intestines
Pregunta 46
Pregunta
Which of these has been associated with reducing the risk of both breast and prostrate cancer?
Pregunta 47
Pregunta
Limitations of using BMI to determine weight & health risk are that
Respuesta
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Does not distinguish between lean & fat body mass
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Does not address fat distribution, where fat is stored
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Does not take age into consideration
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All of the above
Pregunta 48
Pregunta
Which fat distribution pattern puts one at greater risk for complications such as diabetes & heart disease?
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Pear-shaped fat patterning
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Apple-shaped fat patterning
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Fat distribution doesn't impact risk
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Banana-shaped fat patterning
Pregunta 49
Pregunta
The primary determinant of our basal metabolic rate is
Respuesta
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Age
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Amount of lean body mass
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Activity
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Gender
Pregunta 50
Pregunta
What is the first line of defence in obesity treatment?
Respuesta
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Consulting a therapist or social worker to investigate underlying issues
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A personal trainer to help set up an exercise program
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A low-calorie diet & regular physical activity
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A very-low-calorie diet to promote rapid weight loss
Pregunta 51
Pregunta
Treatments for obesity may include
Pregunta 52
Pregunta
Weight-loss surgery is advised in healthy individuals who have a BMI of