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Explanations for forgetting
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- 1What are the 2 explanations for forgetting?Inferences and Retrieval failure
- 2What is retrieval failure?a form of forgetting
occurs when don't have the necessary cues to access the memory
the memory is there and available but not accessible without the correct cues - 3Why may people forget something?because of insufficient cues
- 4What happens when a memory is stored?related cues are stored with it
- 5what is a cue?a trigger of information that allows us to access a memory
some cues are directly linked or indirectly linked - 6give an example of an external and internal indirect linkexternal- environmental link
the area in which you learnt the information to start with
internal - the state in which one was in e.g drunk - 7What does ESP stand for?Encoding Specificity principle
- 8Who came up with the encoding specificity princple?Tulving
- 9What did Tulving research into?Retrieval failure
- 10what did he find?he discovered a consistent pattern to the findings.
he called this the encoding specificity principle - 11What does ESP state?that if a cue is to help us recall the information, it has to present at the time of encoding i.e. when the material is learnt therefore if they are absent they will not be accessible.
- 12give an example of a mnemonic techniqueSTM - gives lots of information about short term memory
- 13why is this relevant?it is stored in a material to be remembered - aka a meaningful way
- 14Give two examples of encoding at the time of learning in a non-meaningful waycontext dependant forgetting external cues
and state-dependant forgetting internal cues - 15who researched into context dependant forgetting?Godden and Baddeley
- 16what was the procedure of the research?deep sea divers
learn a list of words either underwater and on land
asked to recall the words either underwater or on land
4 conditions
u and l
u and u
l and u
l and l - 17what were the findings?2 conditions matched and 2 did not
Accurate recall was 40% lower when in mismatching conditions
the external cue were available at learning and therefoer did not experience retrieval failure
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- Fichas sobre Explanations for forgetting , creado por Lara Davies el 25/04/2018.
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- Lara Davies
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