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Inheritance

Olivia Reid Biology Year 10 Inglés 11 fichas

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1InheritanceHow traits or characteristics are passed on from generation to generation.
2AlleleA variation of the gene for a particular trait/characteristic
3GeneA section of DNA that codes for a protein
4PhenotypeThe observation characteristics of an organism, it's appearance. Eg. tall, short, round, etc.
Remember to say percentage. Eg. 100% brown eyes or 75% long arms, 25% short arms.
5GenotypeThe set of genes in our DNA which is responsible for a particular trait. The genetic makeup of an individual.
Eg. 100% Bb or 75% BB, 25% Bb.
6Dominant AlleleThe characteristic always seen in the offspring. It always overpowers the other allele.
Eg. If B=brown eyes & b=blue eyes than B is dominant (capital letter)
If someone had a genotype of Bb the person would have brown eyes but carry a recessive gene.
7Recessive AlleleThe characteristic masked by a dominant one.
- Lower case letter
- Has to have 2 recessive alleles to show (eg. bb = blue eyes but Bb = brown eyes)
8HeterozygousHaving two different kinds of allele. (Eg. Bb, eE, Gg, Yy, etc.)
9HomozygousHaving the same alleles for a particular characteristic. Eg. TT, bb, ee, GG, PP, etc.
10Monohybrid GeneticsLooking at how 1 trait (characteristic) is passed on to the next generation. It always has a dominant and recessive gene.
11Punnet Squares