Fichas

Muscles

Drew Donaghy Medicine Inglés 95 fichas

Fichas del conjunto (95)

1Occipitofrontalis muscleOrigin: Forntal=cranial aponeuroses
Occipital = occipital & temporal bone
Insertion: Frontal = skin of eyebrows
Occipital = cranial aponeuroses
Action: Frontal = raises eyebrows
Occipital = stabilizes aponeuroses
Innervation: CN VII (facial nerve)
2Corrugator supercilii muscleOrigin: frontal bone (above nasal bone)
Insertion: skin of eyebrow
Action: pulls eyebrows medially and inferiorly
Innervation: CN VII (facial nerve)
3Orbicularis oculi muscleOrigin: frontal and maxillary bones; ligaments of the orbit
Insertion: tissue of the eyelid
Action: closes eye (blinking and squinting)
Innervation: CN VII (facial nerve)
4Zygomaticus (major & minor) musclesOrigin: Zygomatic bone
Insertion: skin and muscle at corner of mouth
Action: raises lateral corners of mouth
Innervation: CN VII (facial nerve)
5Levator labii superioris muscleOrigin: zygomatic bone and infraorbital margin
Insertion: skin and muscles of upper lip
Action: opens lips; raises and furrows upper lip
Innervation: CN VII (facial nerve)
6Depressor labii inferioris muscleOrigin= body of mandible
Insertion= skin and muscle of lower lip
Action= pulls lower lip inferiorly
Innervation: CN VII (facial nerve)
7Orbicularis oris muscleOrigin: maxilla and mandible
Insertion: encircles mouth; muscles and skin at angles of mouth
Action: closes lips; puckers and protrudes lips
Innervation: CN VII (facial nerve)
8Mentalis muscleOrigin: mandible (below front teeth)
Insertion: skin of chin
Action: wrinkles chin; protrude lower lips
Innervation: CN VII (facial nerve)
9Buccinator muscleOrigin: molar regions of maxilla and mandible
Insertion: orbicularis oris muscle
Action: compress the cheeks (not MoM)
Innervation: CN VII (facial nerve)
10Platysma muscleOrigin: fascia of chest; clavicle
Insertion: lower margin of mandible; skin and muscle at corner of mouth
Action: tenses skin of the nexk
Innervation: CN VII (facial nerve)
11Masseter muscleOrigin: zygomatic muscle
Insertion: angle and ramus of the mandible
Action: elevate (close) the jaw (MoM)
Innervation: CN V (trigeminal nerve)
12Temporalis muscleOrigin: temporal fossa
Insertion: coracoid process of mandible
Action: elevate (close) the jaw (MoM)
Innervation: Cn V (trigeminal nerve)
13Medial pterygoid muscleOrigin: medial surface of lateral pterygoid
Insertion: medial surface of mandible (near angle)
Action: elevate (close) the jaw (MoM)
Innervation: CN V (trigeminal nerve)
14Lateral pterygoid muscleOrigin: lateral pterygoid plate
Insertion: condylar process (head) of mandible
Action: depress (open) the jaw; protraction (MoM)
Innervation: CN V (trigeminal nerve)
15Genioglossus muscleOrigin: internal surface of the mandible
Insertion: inferior surface of the tongue
Action: protrudes tongue
Innervation: CN XII (hypoglossal nerve)
16Hyoglossus muscleOrigin: body of hyoid bone
Insertion: lateral inferior surface of the tongue
Action: depress the tongue
Innervation: CN XII (hypoglossal nerve)
17Styloglossus muscleOrigin: styloid process of temporal bone
Insertion: lateral and inferior aspect of tongue
Action: retract and elevate tongue
Innervation: CN XII (hypoglossal nerve)
18Stylohyoid muscleOrigin: styloid process of temporal bone
Insertion: hyoid bone
Action: elevate and retract hyoid
Innervation: CN VII (facial nerve)
19Digastric muscleOrigin: Anterior = lower margin of mandible
Posterior = mastoid process of temporal bone
Insertion: common tendon
Action: depress mandible; elevate hyoid
Insertion: Anterior =
20Mylohyoid muscleOrigin: medial surface of mandible
Insertion: hyoid bone
Action: elevate and retract hyoid
Innervation: CN VII (facial nerve)
21Geniohyoid muscleOrigin: inner surface of mandible
Insertion: hyoid bone
Action: elevate and protect hyoid
Innervation: C1 via CN XII (hypoglossal nerve)
22Sternohyoid muscleOrigin: manubrium of sternum
Insertion: hyoid bone
Action: depress hyoid (if mandible is fixed) & larynx
Innervation: Ansa cervicalis nerve (C1-C3)
23Omohyoid muscleOrigin: superior surface of scapula
Insertion: hyoid bone
Action: depress and retract hyoid
Innervation: Ansa cervicalis nerve (C1-C3)
24Sternothyroid muscleOrigin: posterior surface of manubrium
Insertion: thyroid cartilage
Action: depress hyoid & larynx
Innervation: C1 via CN XII (hypoglossal nerve)
25Thryohyoid muscleOrigin: thryoid cartilage
Insertion: hyoid bone
Action: depress hyoid or elevate larynx
Innervation: C1 via CN XII (hypoglossal nerve)
26Sternocleido-mastoid (SCM) muscleOrigin: manubrium and medial clavicle
Insertion: mastoid process of temporal bone
Action: neck flexion (bilateral); rotation to opposite side (unilateral)
Innervation: CN XI (spinal accessory nerve)
27Scalene (anterior, middle, & posterior) musclesOrigin: transverse processes of cervical vertebrae
Insertion: anterolateral aspect of ribs 1 & 2
Action: elevate first two ribs; neck flexion
Innervation: cervical spinal nerve
28Trapezius muscleOrigin: occipital bone, nuchal line, spinous processes of C7-T12
Insertion: lateral 1/3 clavicle, acromion, spine of scapula
Action: scapular elevation (upper); scapular retraction (middle); scapular depression (lower)
Innervation: CN XI (spinal accessory nerve)
29Rhomboid (major & minor) musclesOrigin: Major = spinous process of T2-T5
Minor = spinous process of C7-T1
Insertion: medial border of scapula
Action: scapular retraction
Innervation: dorsal scapular nerve
30Splenius (cervicis & capitis) muscleOrigin: ligamentum nuchae
Insertion: Cervicis = transverse processes of C2-C4
Capitis = mastoid process and occipital bone
Action: neck extension (bilateral); rotation to same side (unilateral)
Innervation: cervical spinal nerve (dorsal rami)
31Iliocostalis muscleOrigin: iliac crest; rib 12
Insertion: angle of ribs; transverse processes of C4-C6
32Longissimus muscleOrigin: transverse processes of most vertebrae
Insertion: transverse process of thoracic/cervical vertebrae; ribs superior; mastoid process
Action: extend vertebral column (bilateral); lateral flexion (unilateral)
33Spinalis muscleOrigin: spinous process of upper lumbar and lower thoracic vertebrae
Insertion: spinous process of upper thoracic and cervical vertebrae
Action: extend vertebral column
Innervation: spinal nerves (dorsal rami)
34Semispinalis (capitis & cervicis) muscleOrigin: Capitis = transverse processes of C7-T7
Cervicis = transverse processes of T1-T6
Insertion: Capitis = occipital bone
Cervicis = spinous processes of C2-C7
Action: extend vertebral column; rotation to opposite side
Innervation: spinal nerves (dorsal rami)
35Quadratus lumborum muscleOrigin: iliac crest and lumbar fascia
Insertion: transverse process of L1-L4 and 12th rib
Action: laterally flex vertebral column (bilateral); "hip-hiking" (unilateral)
Innervation: T12 and lumbar spinal nerve (ventral rami)
36External intercostal musclesOrigin: inferior border of rib above
Insertion: superior border of rib below
Action: elevate rib (inspiration)
Innervation: intercostal nerve
37Internal intercostal musclesOrigin: superior border of rib below
Insertion: inferior border of rib above
Action: depress rib (expiration)
Innervation: intercostal nerve
38DiaphragmOrigin: inferior, internal surface of ribs, sternum, and lumbar vertebrae
Insertion: central tendon
Action: inspiration (primary!)
Innervation: phrenic nerve (C3-C5)
39External oblique muscleOrigin: outer surface of lower 8 ribs
Insertion: linea alba; pubic crest
Action: flex vertebral column (bilateral); trunk rotation (ipsilateral); compress abdominal wall
Innervation: intercostal nerve
40Rectus abdominus muscleOrigin: pubic crest and syphysis
Insertion: xiphoid process and ribs 5-7
Action: flex vertebral column (bilateral); trunk rotation (ipsilateral); compress abdominal wall
Innervation: intercostal nerve
41Internal oblique muscleOrigin: lumbar fascia;iliac crest; inguinal ligament
Insertion: linea alba; pubic crest; lower three ribs
Action: flex vertebral column (bilateral); trunk rotation (ipsilateral); compress abdominal wall
Innervation: intercostal nerve
42Transversus abdominus muscleOrigin: inguinal ligament, lumbar fascia, lower 6 ribs, iliac crest
Insertion: linea alba; pubic crest
Action: flex vertebral column (bilateral); trunk rotation (ipsilateral); compress abdominal wall
Innervation: intercostal nerve
43Deltoid muscleOrigin: lateral 1/3 of clavicle. acromion, scapular space
Insertion: deltoid tuberosity
Action: shoulder flexion, abduction (>15 degrees), extension
Innervation: axillary nerve
44Latissimus dorsi muscleOrigin: lumbar fascia; lower 3-4 ribs
Insertion: floor of intertubercular sulcus (bicipital groove)
Action: shoulder extension, interval (medial) rotation, adduction
Innervation: thoracodorsal nerve
45Supraspinatus muscleOrigin: supraspinous fossa
Insertion: greater tubercle (humerus)
Action: initial shoulder abduction (0-15 degrees), shoulder external (lateral) rotation
Innervation: suprascapular nerve
46Infraspinatus muscleOrigin: infraspinous fossa
Insertion: greater tubercle (humerus)
Action: shoulder external rotation
Innervation: suprascapular nerve
47Teres minor muscleOrigin: lateral border of posterior scapula
Insertion: greater tubercle (humerus)
Action: shoulder external rotation
Innervation: axillary nerve
48Subscapularis muscleOrigin: subscapular fossa
Insertion: lesser tubercle (humerus)
Action: shoulder internal rotation
Innervation: upper and lower subscapular nerves
49Teres major muscleOrigin: inferior angle of scapula
Insertion: medial lip of the intertubercular sulcus (bicipital groove)
Action: shoulder extension, internal rotation, adduction (same as latissimus dorsi muscle)
Innervation: upper and lower subscapular nerves
50Pectoralis major muscleOrigin: clavicle; sternum; ribs 1-6
Insertion: lateral lip of the intertubercular sulcus (bicipital groove)
Action: shoulder adduction, internal rotation, flexion
Innervation: pectoral nerve
51Pectoralis minor muscleOrigin: anterior surface of ribs 3-5 (sometimes 2-4)
Insertion: coracoid process
Action: scapular protraction
Innervation: pectoral nerve
52Coracobrachialis muscleOrigin: coracoid process
Insertion: medial humeral shaft
Action: shoulder flexion
Innervation: musculocutaneous nerve
53Biceps brachii muscleOrigin: Long Head = supraglenoid tubercle
Short Head = coracoid process
Insertion: radial tuberosity
Action: SUPINATION; elbow flexion (supination); shoulder flexion
Innervation: musculocutaneous nerve
54Brachialis muscleOrigin: lateral supracondylar ridge
Insertion: radial styloid process
Insertion: coracoid process
Action: elbow flexion (pronation) (*strongest elbow flexor*)
Innervation: musculocutaneous nerve
55Brachioradialis muscleOrigin: lateral supracondylar ridge
Insertion: radial styloid process
Action: elbow flexion (neutral)
Innervation: radial nerve
56Triceps brachii muscleOrigin: Long Head = infraglenoid tubercle
Lateral Head = posterior humerus (middle)
Medial Head = posterior humerus
Insertion: olecranon process
Action: extend elbow
Innervation: radial nerve
57Pronator teres muscleOrigin: medial epicondyle of humerus
Insertion: lateral radius (midshift)
Action: pronation
Innervation: median nerve
58Flexor carpi radialis muscleOrigin: medial epicondyle of humerus
Insertion: base of 2nd and 3rd metacarpals
Action: abduction and flexion of hand
Innervation: median nerve
59*Palmaris longus musclesOrigin: medial epicondyle of humerus
Insertion: fascia of palm
Action: flex hand (weak)
Innervation: median nerve
60Flexor carpi ulnaris muscleOrigin: medial epicondyle of humerus
Insertion: middle phalange of digits 2-5
Action: adduct and flex the hand
Innervation: ulnar nerve
61Flexor digitorum superficialis muscleOrigin: medial epicondyle of humerus
Insertion: middle phalange of digits 2-5
Action: flex digits at interphalangeal joint
Innervation: median nerve
62Flexor digitorum profundus muscleOrigin: coracoid process; interosseus membrane
Insertion: distal phalange of digits 2-5
Action: flex digits at interphalangeal joint
Innervation: median nerve
63Flexor pollicis longus muscleOrigin: anterior radius; interosseus membrane
Insertion: distal phalanx of thumb
Action: flex thumb
Innervation: median nerve
64Pronator quadratus muscleOrigin: distal anterior ulna
Insertion: distal anterior radius
Action: pronation
Innervation: median nerve
65Extensor carpi radialis (longus & brevis) musclesOrigin: Longus = posterior shift of distal ulnar; interosseus membrane
Brevis = posterior shaft of distal radius; interosseus membrane
Insertion: Longus = base of distal phalanx
Brevis = base of proximal phalanx
Action: extend thumb
Innervation: radial nerve
66Gluteus maximus muscleOrigin: ilium, sacrum, and coccyx
Insertion: gluteal tuberosity and iliotibial tract (IT band)
Action: hip extension and abduction
Innervation: gluteal nerve
67Gluteus medius muscleOrigin: gluteal lines on ilium
Insertion: greater trochanter of femur
Action: hip abduction and internal rotation
Innervation: gluteal nerve
68Gluteus minimus muscleOrigin: gluteal lines on ilium
Insertion: greater trochanter of femur
Action: hip abduction and internal rotation
Innervation: gluteal nerve
69Tensor fascia lata muscleOrigin: anterior aspect of iliac crest and ASIS
Insertion: iliotibial tract on lateral tibia (Gredy's tubercle)
Action: hip abduction
Innervation: gluteal nerve
70Iliopsoas (iliacus & psoas major) muscleOrigin: iliac fossa, iliac crest, and bodies of the lumbar vertebrae
Insertion: lesser trochanter of femur
Action: hip flexion, abduction, and external rotation
Innervation: femoral nerve
71Sartorius muscleOrigin: ASIS
Insertion: medial aspect of proximal tibia (per anserine)
Action: hip flexion, abduction, and external rotation
Innervation: femoral nerve
72Adductor magnus muscleOrigin: ischial ramus and tuberosity
Insertion: linea aspera and adductor tubercle
Action: hip adduction, internal rotation
Innervation: obturator nerve
73Adductor longus muscleOrigin: pubic bone
Insertion: linea aspera
Action: hip adduction, flexion and internal rotation
Innervation: obturator nerve
74Adductor brevis muscleOrigin: inferior pubic ramus
Insertion: linea aspera
Action: hip adduction, flexion, and internal rotation
Innervation: obturator nerve
75Gracilis muscleOrigin: inferior pubic ramus
Insertion: medial surface of proximal tibia (pes anserine)
Action: hip adduction, flexion, and internal rotation
Innervation: obturator nerve
76Rectus femoris muscleOrigin: AIIS
Insertion: patella (quadriceps tendon) and tibial tuberosity (patellar tendon)
Action: knee extension AND hip flexion
Innervation: femoral nerve
77Vastus lateralis muscleOrigin: greater trochanter
Insertion: patella and tibial tuberosity
Action: knee extension
Innervation: femoral nerve
78Vastus medialis muscleOrigin: linea aspera
Insertion: patella and tibial tuberosity
Action: knee extension
Innervation: femoral nerve
79Vastus intermedius muscleOrigin: lateral and anterior surfaces of proximal femoral shaft
Insertion: patella and tibial tuberosity
Action: knee extension
Innervation: femoral nerve
80Biceps femoris (long and short) muscleOrigin: Long Head = ischial tuberosity
Short Head = lateral distal femur
Insertion: fibular head and lateral tibial condyle
Action: hip extension and knee flexion
Innervation: tibial nerve
81Semitendinous muscleOrigin: ischial tuberosity
Insertion: medial aspect of proximal tibia (per anserine (along with sartorius and gracilis))
Action: hip extension and knee flexion
Innervation: tibial nerve
82Semimembranous membraneOrigin: ischial tuberosity
Insertion: medial tibial condyle
Action: hip extension and knee flexion
Innervation: tibial nerve
83Tibialis anterior muscleOrigin: lateral tibial condyle
Insertion: medial cuneiform and first metatarsal
Action: dorsiflexion
Innervation: deep fibular nerve
84Extensor digitorum longus muscleOrigin: lateral tibial condyle
Insertion: middle and distal phalanges of digits 2-5
Action: dorsiflexion and digit extension
Innervation: deep fibular nerve
85Extensor hallucis longus muscleOrigin: anteromedial fibular shaft
Insertion: distal phalanx of great toe
Action: extend great toe and dorsiflexion
Innervation: deep fibular nerve
86Fibularis tertius muscleOrigin: distal anterior surface of fibula
Insertion: dorsum of 5th metatarsal
Action: dorsiflexion and eversion (weak)
Innervation: deep fibular nerve
87Fibularis longus muscleOrigin: head and proximal fibula
Insertion: plantar aspect of 1st metatarsal
Action: plantar flexion and eversion (arch support)
Innervation: superficial fibular nerve
88Fibularis brevis muscleOrigin: distal fibular shaft
Insertion: base (styloid process) of 5th metatarsal
Action: plantar flexion and eversion
Innervation: superficial fibular nerve
89Gastrocnemius muscleOrigin: posterior aspect of medial and lateral femoral condyles
Insertion: calcaneal tuberosity (via calcaneal tendon (Achilles tendon))
Action: plantar flexion and knee flexion
Innervation: tibial nerve
90Soleus muscleOrigin: soleal line (tibia) and fibular head
Insertion: calcaneal tuberosity (via calcaneal tendon)
Action: plantar flexion
Innervation: tibial nerve
91Plantaris muscleOrigin: posterior femur (above lateral condyle)
Insertion: calcaneal tuberosity (via calcaneal tuberosity)
Action: plantar flexion and knee flexion
Innervation: tibial nerve
92Popliteus muscleOrigin: posterior lateral condyle and lateral meniscus
Insertion: posterior proximal tibia
Anterior: "unlocks" knee (flexion & medial rotation)(0-5 degrees)
Innervation: tibial nerve
93Flexor digitorum longus muscleOrigin: posterior tibia
Insertion: distal phalanges of digits 2-5
Action: plantar flexion inversion, and flexion of digits
Innervation: tibial nerve
94Flexor hallucis longus muscleOrigin: midshaft of fibula
Insertion: distal phalanx of great toe
Action: plantar flexion, inversion, and great toe flexion
Innervation: tibial nerve
95Tibialis posterior muscleOrigin: superior posterior tibia and fibula
Insertion: plantar surface of metatarsals 2-4
Action: plantar flexion and inversion (arch support)
Innervation: tibial nerve