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Chapter 11 - ANS
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- 1Two divisions of the motor system? and what do they specialize in?Autonomic (involuntary movements), and somatic (voluntary movements)
- 2The autonomic NS is also known as what? what does it work to doVisceral NS and works the behavioural and endocrine systems to maintain homeostasis
- 33 coordination of homeostatic responses?- autonomic
- behavioural
- endocrine - 43 autonomic centers of the brain and what do they control?Hypothalamus (water balance, temp and hunger)
Pons (respiration)
Medulla (respiration, cardiac, swallowing, vomiting) - 5The ANS is a what efferent path?two efferent path
- comprised of a pre and post ganglionic efferent neuron - 6two divisions of the ANS?sympathetic and parasympathetic
- 7what do the sympathetic and parasympathetic differ in?- Neurotransmitter usage
- location of ganglia
- receptors
- responses - 8What division is the parasympathetic? sympathetic?craniosacral division, thoracolumbar division
- 9What is the primary cranial nerve responsible for parasympathetic action?Vagus nerve, which carries 75% of all parasympathetic fibers in the body
- 10Where is the adrenal gland? What makes it up?Lies on top of the kidneys, made up of the adrenal cortex and medulla. Medulla is a modified ganglion due to the synapse of presynaptic neurons in it
- secretes epinephrine (80%) and norepinephrine (20%) - 11Characteristics of the sympathetic chain- short preganglionic, long postganglionic
- uses divergence where one preganglionic can innervate multiple post
- mass activation - 12Characteristics of parasympathetic chain- long preganglionic, short postganglionic
- limited divergence that innervates discrete organs - 138 Steps of an action potential at a varicosity1. AP arrives
2. Depolarization open Ca gated channels
3. Ca entry triggers exocytosis of synaptic vesicles
4. NE binds to adrenergic receptor on target
5. receptor activation stops when NT diffuses away from synapse
6. NE removed from synapse
7. NE can be taken back to synaptic vesicles for re release
8. NE metabolized by MAO - 14What is the sympathetic saying? and what're the effects?Fight or flight
- Increase HR
- dilation of bronchioles
- increase in blood glucose - 15What is the neurotransmitter and receptor?Norepinephrine and adrenergic receptors
- 16What is the parasympathetic saying? and what does it do?rest and digest
- decrease HR
- increase digestion
- constricts bronchioles - 17What is neurotransmitter and receptor of parasympathetic?- Acetylcholine and Cholinergic receptors
- 18What is tonic control?- regulates physiological parameters in an up down fashion. Signal is always present but it changes in intensity
- 19What does an increase and decrease in signal rate mean?decrease means vessel will dilate and increase mean vessel will constrict
- 20What is dual innervation and how does it effect the heart?sympathetic and parasympathetic effects can both innervate the same area.
- Parasympathetic slows HR and sympathetic speeds it up - 21What is antagonistic control?uses a different signal to send a parameter in opposite directions
- 22Clinical significance of B adrenergic agonists and antagonistsAgonists: dilate respiratory tract
Antagonists: block B receptors in heart - slow heart, decrease FOC - 23What brain centers are responsible for emotional states?Limbic system, and Cerebral cortex
- 24What're some autonomic targets?- smooth and cardiac muscle
- some endocrine, exocrine
- some adipose tissue - 25Parasympathetic post ganglionic NT and receptor?ACh and muscarinic
- 26Sympathetic post ganglionic NT and receptor?NE and cholinergic (B1 and a)
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- final Human Physiology Fichas sobre Chapter 11 - ANS, creado por Kevin Floyd el 27/10/2021.
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- Kevin Floyd
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