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CS Unit 5 C1
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- 1What is a network?A connection between nodes to share resources and data.
- 2What is a network service?An app running on a server which provides facilities or operations such as data storage, printing or communications.
- 3Why are networks used?Networks allow multiple users to...
1) Read/write personal files on a central server.
2) Access shared files among several users.
3) Download data or updates to computer programs.
4) Communicate with each other.
5) Access the Internet.
6) Send data to a shared printer. - 4What are the different types of networks?1) LAN - local area network / WLAN - wireless local area network
2) WAN - wide area network
3) PAN - personal area network - 5Define a LAN.A network that covers a relatively small geographical area, often a single site, e.g. a hospital, factory or other organisation.
- 6Define a WAN.A network that covers a large geographical area (usually across several sites of an organisation). It connects two or more LANs and is usually under shared ownership.
- 7Define a PAN.A network used for data transmission over short distances by computer devices, e.g. laptops, tablets, mobile phones, printers, speakers (usually owned by one or several people).
- 8Define a client-server network.A network that has at least one server to provide services to the client computers.
- 9Define a peer-to-peer network.A network that doesn't have any dedicated servers. Each computer in the network can act as client and server.
- 10Name the different toplogies.1) Bus
2) Star
3) Ring
4) Mesh - 11What is a network topology?The physical arrangement of computers in a network and how they are connected together.
- 12How long can radio waves travel when using bluetooth?10 metres.
- 13What is the BUS topology with its advantages and disadvantages?All devices in the network are connected to a single cable. Has terminators on either side of the cable to absorb data signals to prevent them bouncing back.
A: -cheap as only one cable is needed
- easy to add extra network devices.
D: - prone to data collisions
- security risk as data is received by all devices - difficult to identify faults
- whole network fails if cable is cut or damaged. - 14What is the RING topology with its advantages and disadvantages?All devices are connected by cables in a closed loop/ring. Data is passed from one device to the other until it reaches its destination.
A: -easy to add extra network devices
- adding extra devices does not affect network performance.
D: -expensive as more cabling is required to close the ring
- adding devices means closing the network temporarily
-whole network fails when the cable is damaged or a device fails
- difficult to identify faults. - 15What is the STAR topology with its advantages and disadvantages?Each device is connected to a central point, a hub or a switch. It receives and directs messages to the intended recipient.
A: - a damaged cable will only affect the device its connected to
- easy to locate faults because they involve one device
- devices can be added without closing the network down
- no security risk as messages only reach the intended recipient
D: - expensive due to amount of cabling
- if the switch or hub fails the whole network does too - 16What is the MESH topology with its advantages and disadvantages?There are two types: fully and partially connected. Every device is connected to every other device (or some other devices). There are wired (expensive - costs of cabling) and wireless connectivity.
A: - fault tolerant, messages can be re-routed if a device fails.
- high performance as every device is likely to be connected to many others.
- in a wireless network each node extends the range of the network.
D: - difficult and expensive to install wired mesh networks.
- difficult to manage due to number of connections within the network. - 17What are the different forms of communication media?1) Wired: involve a physical connection between the devices in a network. Common wires used: copper wire and fibre optic cable.
2) Wireless: do not require a physical connection between the devices; often transmit and receive radio signals or infra red signals. Important examples: WiFi and Bluetooth. - 18What are the advantages and disadvantages of wired and wireless connectivity?Wired: A - faster than wireless connectivity, not easy to intercept data, less susceptible to interference
D - expensive to install and reconfigure, requires many cables at a premises
Wireless: A - no need for cables to connect devices or to the Internet, allows users to use their own device, wider range of devices can communicate due to lack of cable requirements
D - slower data transmission speed, physical barriers can affect performance, data needs to be encrypted to prevent interception - 19What is network data speed measured in?Bits per second. (Mbps, Gbps)
- 20What is bandwidth?The amount of data that can be carried from one point to another on a network.
- 21What is a protocol?A set of rules for how messages are turned into data packets and sent across networks.
- 22Describe the different email protoccols.1) SMTP (Simple mail transfer protocol): governs the sending of email over a network to a mail server.
2) POP3 (Post Office Protocol): used by email clients to retrieve email from an email server
3) IMAP (Internet Message Access Protocol): allows emails to be accessed using multiple email clients. - 23Describe the different network protocols Ethernet, Wi-Fi, TCP and TCP/IP.1) Ethernet: a set of protocols used in wired LANs that cover everything from the type of cables used in a network and how data is transmitted within it.
2) Wi-Fi: sets out how data is transmitted on wireless LANs.
3) TCP (Transmission Control Protocol): provides reliable connections between computers by ensuring it has received all the data it should have and that it is identical to the data sent.
4) TCP/IP (Transmission Control Protocol/Internet Protocol): a collection of protocols that work together. - 24Describe the TCP/IP layers.1) Application: interacts with users to provide access to services and data that is sent/received over a network.
2) Transport: determines how messages are transmitted over a network.
3) Internet: deals with routing messages (determines where a message is sent from/ to).
4) Link: controls the transmission and reception of data to/from a local network. - 25What is a data packet?A small quantity of data being sent through a network. It consists of header that contains details of:
-the sender and recipient computer.
-the amount of packets the data has been split into
-the number of the particular packet
The recipient computer will use this information to reconstruct the data to its original format. - 26Describe the network protocols HTTP, HTTPS and FTP1) HTTP (Hypertext Transfer Protocol): used when sending and receiving data between web browsers and web servers. Covers how data should be formatted and the commands that should be understood by the web browser and the web server.
2) HTTPS (Hypertext Transfer Protocol Secure): the secure version of HTTP. Encrypts data and helps users and web browsers know that they are on the intended web server.
3) FTP (File Transfer Protocol): transfers files over a network. - 27What are the draw backs of using 3G, 46 5G etc.1) Upload/download speed may be slower than other networks.
2) Inconsistent connection due to interference
3) There is a significant difference between upload and download speed. - 28—
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- 11 Computer Science Fichas sobre CS Unit 5 C1, creado por m r el 25/11/2022.
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