Fichas
Global Development
Fichas del conjunto (34)
- 1dd
- 2DevelopmentProcess where societies change from underdeveloped through developing to developed societies
- 3NICLess developed country currently undergoing industrialisation
- 4HDImeasurement tool developed by UN that combines social + economic indicators to assess + rank countries across 3 economic and cultural areas: LE, knowledge, living standards
- 5Modernisation Theoryexplains how societies pass through different stages of development from undeveloped to fully developed
- 6Modes of productionMarxist concept; argues societies pass thru different + successive stages of development each of which is characterized by different + unique form of economic organisation
- 7Capitalismeconomic system based on private ownership and profit
- 8proto-industrializationstage leading up to industrialization in any society. might involve development of economic practices like 'putting out' system in 17th century Britain which laid foundations for industrialisation
- 9democratic transitionpart of 'take off' stage in Rostow's theory of development - political institutions develop more mature forms such as representative democracy
- 10convergence theoryall societies are moving towards the same developmental stage
- 11dependency/underdevelopment theoryMarxist theory; argues underdeveloped + developing societies are kept in state of economic dependency by behavior of developed societies
- 12TNCscorps. based in a specific territory that operate in range of countries + markets across national borders
- 13Colonialismsituation of dependency in which one country governs and controls another country/territory through e.g. conquest (india was once a british colony)
- 14decolonisationprocess which a country undergoes to free itself politically, economically and culturally from colonial past
- 15World Systems Theoryargues development must be understood in context of global systems and networks with focus of understanding how nations are locked into political and economic relationships that make them independent
- 16Slaveryeconomic system in which people considered legal property of others. they can be bought or sold, made to work unpaid, have few (if any) legal rights or freedoms
- 17Globalisationhe process by which businesses or other organizations develop international influence or start operating on an international scale.
- 18Environmentalismpolitical/ideological philosophy + movement concerned with safeguarding, conserving + improving all aspects of human and natural environment for future generations
- 19Models of developmentModernisation
Neo-modernisATION
underdevelopment
world systems - 20Aidvarious forms of public + private assistance given to promote economic development and social welfare across the globe
- 21Tiger economicsfast-growing economies of Southeast Asia (Hong Kong, South Korea, Singapore, Taiwan)
- 22Demographic changechanges in population statistics over time
- 23social inequalityunequal and unfair distribution of resources in any society
- 24sustainable developmenteconomic theory; related to relation between trade and aid - argues objective of development should be to promote long-term, self-sustaining, economic stability and progression
- 25wealtheconomic concept that describes the total extent of possessions owned by individuals and societies. income is one aspect of wealth but concept also includes ownership of factories thru stocks and shares to fine art that can produce income for owner
- 26GLOBAL ISSUESGLOBAL ISSUES
- 27Migrationrelatively large-scale movement of people from one place to another. usually occurs across societies but may occur within on a temporary basis (usually)
- 28Povertystate of being poor in absolute or relative terms
- 29Absolute povertymeasure based on idea of minimum necessities to sustain life e.g. food
- 30Relative povertycondition in which people lack the minimum amount of income needed in order to maintain the average standard of living in the society in which they live
- 31welfare dependencynew-right theory; argues generous welfare payments create dincentive among people who receive it to find work
- 32Poverty Trapsituation where cost of living outweigh economic benefits to individual. if someone's income rises as they find work + welfare benefits consequently reduced this can = individual has lower overall income
- 33culture of povertyexplains poverty in terms of the idea that poor adapt to their poverty and teach skills required to survive to succeeding generations
- 34social deprivationsome members of society are prevented, thru e.g. poverty or illness etc., from full participation in the society they live in
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- Fichas sobre Global Development, creado por Sarah879 el 24/03/2016.
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- Sarah879
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