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A Level DT - Chapter 2
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- 1Filler RodA material that is used to help create the joint between two materials. For example, a solder filler rod is used when joining copper pipe together
- 2TemporaryA temporary joining method is one where the components can be joined and separated without damage to the material. An example would be a nut and bolt assembly
- 3Permanenta joining method where separation of the component pats results in damage to the materials. An example is a welded joint
- 4Wood JointsThe general name given to the more traditional forms of joining woods. Examples include: mortise and tenon joint, dovetails joint, finger/comb joint, bridle joint, etc.
- 5Self-tapping screwsThese screws are used for forming their own threads in materials. They can be used to join metals and plastics and can also be used with various forms of captive nut, for example, in the assembly of car interiors
- 6AdhesiveChemicals used to bond materials together. Different adhesives can be used to bond specific materials
- 7Wood ScrewsA form of screw designed for use specifically with wood. The two materials are held together by the shape of the screw thread that the screw forms inn the material as it is being inserted.
- 8Knock-down fittingsThese come in a variety of guises, each type intended for a particular application. Used extensively (but not exclusively) with self-assembly furniture
- 9Spot WeldingA form of resistance welding where the metal components being joined are clamped between two electrodes. An electric current is passed between the electrode causing a build-up of heat at the centre of the joint, fusing the two components together. Used extensively in the assembly of car body panels
- 10CrimpingA joining method used in thin sheet steel to join two shapes together. For example, the top of a soft drinks can
- 11SolderingA method of joining using heat and a low melting point filler of solder. This technique is used to join copper pipe for domestic water and heating systems
- 12BrazingA form of joining using heat and a brazing spelter filler rod. Useful for producing a strong joint in steels and copper
- 13Hard SolderingHard solders, sometimes called 'silver solders', are a range of solders that have different melting points enabling complex assemblies to be completed in steel, copper and brass.
- 14MIG Welding (Metal Inert Gas)A form of resistance welding, similar to electric arc welding. In the case of MIG welding, an inert gas is used to provide a protective cloud around the joint area as it is being joined
- 15TIG Welding (Tungsten Inert Gas)A form of electric arc welding using a tungsten electrode, the arc from which is surrounded by an inert gas such as argon to prevent oxidation during welding. Materials welded in this way include Aluminium and Stainless Steel
- 16Seam WeldingA form of resistance welding used for joining seams in fabricated tubes and in food cans
- 17Heat SourceAny piece of equipment that applies heat in an appropriate manner for the purposes of joining materials. For example, oxy-acetylene equipment is used as a heat source for gas welding and brazing
- 18Traditional Wood JointsWood joints that require machining to make interlocking parts and often combined with adhesive
- 19Knock-Down FittingsMechanical fittings that are used to join materials together. They allow products to be supplied flat-packed
- 20SolventAny chemical that will dissolve a material. For example, a thermoplastic produced from crude oil will begin to deteriorate in the presence of oil or its vapour
- 21Ultrasonic WeldingThe use of very high frequency vibrations to generate heat within the area to be joined, thereby allowing the materials to fuse together. Plastics and some metals can be joined in this way
- 22Epoxy ResinA thermosetting plastic material made up of two parts - resin and hardener
- 23FasteningAny product that is designed to hold materials together. Examples include spring clips, self-tapping screws, and nuts and bolts
- 24RustThe oxidation of steels (not stainless steel) due to contact with the air that may well contain moisture. The oxide layer of steels is porous so further oxidation can take place. This results in a thicker oxide layer as the material breaks down
- 25Electrochemical CellThe term given to the conditions necessary to promote corrosion between two different metals. The additional component is an electrolyte. An example of an electrolyte is rainwater containing salts and acids
- 26Wet RotDecay in woods that is a direct result of alternating cycles of the timber being wet followed by drying, i.e an accumulation of moisture that breaks down the cellular structure of the timber
- 27Dry RotA fungal attack causing a breakdown of lignin resins that hold the cellular structure of the material together. The fungus is Merulius lacrymans and is usually present in dry, unventilated areas. The strands of the fungus can also penetrate brickwork, enabling it to travel quickly through a building
- 28WoodwormAn insect that attacks both hardwood and softwood by laying eggs in cervices in the material. The larvae eat away at the timber then emerge through flight holes - the tell-tale signs of woodworm infestation
- 29Self-finishingThe term given to a material that has an acceptable finish after processing. Generally applied to plastics that do not need any further processing to produce the required finish; they can be given a very high-quality finish by being produced in moulds that themselves have a high-quality finish. The term can also be applied to metals, such as stainless steel; copper; brass; and woods, such as Oak and Teak which, depending on application, may not require further processing to produce the required finish
- 30Self-ColouredThe term given to a material that has an acceptable colour after processing. Plastics are said to be self-coloured when they have their colour added prior to processing and, therefore, appear as the desired colour.
- 31Applied FinishRefers to coatings that are applied to the surface or the material for protection and/or decoration
- 32BurrA rough edge create following a cutting process
- 33DeburringThe process of removing burrs from the edge of material that has been cut
- 34VarnishA hard transparent finish that is applied to wood. Yacht varnish is applied to products that are intended for external use; while synthetic varnishes, such as polyurethane varnish, are used internally
- 35Natural BarriersProtective layers close to the surface of a material that protect the material from corrosion, decay or degradation. An example is the oxide layer that is present on non-corrosive metals, such as stainless steel or copper
- 36BlueingA method of finishing steel products that involves heating the product to around 300c followed by quenching in oil. It is the oil that gives the material a characteristic 'blue' finish
- 37ElectroplatingThe use of the process of electrolysis to coat to base metal with a second, more decorative metal. For example, silver-plated cutlery
- 38AnodisingAn electrochemical process that is used to make the surface of aluminium more durable. In addition, coloured dyes can be added for a decorative finish
- 39PaintingThe process of applying paints, e.g brush painting, spray painting. The term applies to all types of paint including oil-based gloss paints, acrylic paints, etc.
- 40Electrostatic Spray PaintingAn electrostatic charge is set up between the object to be painted and the paint particles, making a secure bond between paint material and product surface
- 41Powder CoatingThis process uses an electrostatic charge to coat the metal product. Once coated, the product is baked in an oven to produce a smooth, high-gloss finish
- 42Plastic Dip CoatingA method of finishing a metal-based component. The component it heated to above the softening point of the polymer, which is in the form of a fine powder, then dipped into the polymer. The polymer adheres to the heated metal, which begins to cool, and so the polymer solidifies into a protective layer
- 43Wood PerservativeApplied to timbers that are exposed to general weather conditions and which do not have any other means of protection. Preservatives prevent moisture entering the structure of the material, thereby reducing the risk of wet rot
- 44TanalisingA process whereby wood is pressure-treated with preservative
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- A-Level Product Design Fichas sobre A Level DT - Chapter 2, creado por Ravi Shah el 16/04/2016.
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- Ravi Shah
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