Fichas
MATERIALS AND COMPONENTS
Fichas del conjunto (46)
- 1What is strengthThe ability to withstand forces without breaking
1. A rope withstands pulling forces
2. Bridge withstands squashing forces - 2What is hardness?Ability to withstand scratching, rubbing or denting
Important for tools that cut for example files and drills - 3What is plasticity?If it has good plastic quailtys it can change shape permanently without cracking
It means its malleable or ductile (DRAWN INTO WIRES) - 4What is brittleness?Cant withstand much stretching
Glass - 5ToughnessTough is opposite to brittle
It can absorb impacts without breaking or snapping
Armour or bulletproof vests - 6DurableIt can withstand repeated use
Resistant to corrosion (Wont rust) - 7What factors to think about when choosing a material?- Functional requirements
- Production method
- Availability
- Economics - 8Functional requirments- What demands are on the material
- indoors or outdoors
- Will it corrode
- Does it look right - 9Production Method- Can it be joined to other materials
- Is it suitable for the intended production method - 10Availability- Can you get it in a suitable form
- Does it come in a suitable size - 11EconomicsIs it batch or one off
Is it expensive - 12What are the four stages of making paper1. Trees are cut down and taken to paper mill
2. Bark is stripped off and wood cut into small pieces by chipper
3. Small bits heated with chemicals to turn into mushy pulp
4. Washed and bleached and rolled out and cut to size - 134 types of paperCartridge paper - High quality and textured surface
Layout paper - Strong, thin and translucent used for general design work
Grid paper - square (used for orthographic drawings) and isometric pattern
Tracing paper - translucent - 14What is paper and board measured in? What is board or card?gsm (grams per square metre)
Over 200 gsm - 15What are the 3 types of Board?Solid white board - high quality bleached surface for printing and primary packaging
Corrugated board - used in secondary packaging made from flutes inner core between 2 outer layers
Duplex board - Different color and texture on each side only one side is seen - 16Sizes of paperA0, A1, A2, A3, A4, A5, A6
A6 is is half A5 and so on - 17What does laminating paper doGives it new properties
- 18What does laminating with polythene do?Makes it waterproof
Paper cups - 19What does laminating with aluminium foil do?Good for packaging food
Keeps flavors in and air out - 20How to make Foam Core BoardLaminating polystyrene between card
Making models and mounting posters - 21What is SoftwoodWood that grows in colder climates
Grows all year round - evergreen
cheap - 22What is hardwoodWood grown in warm climates
Slow growing
expensive
Usually deciduous
Tighter grain
denser and harder - 23Examples of softwoodsScots pine - yellow with brown streaks
(Strong cheap but knotty, cheap furniture)
Parana Pine - pale yellow with red
(Hard not very knotty more expensive, doors and stairs) - 24Examples of hard woodsMahogany - red-brown, expensive
Teak - golden brown, hard, weather resistant, garden furniture, window frames
Ash - pale cream, tough, flexable , tool handles
Beech - pinkish brown, hard, chairs - 25How to make timber- Fell trees
- Replant
- Bark removed
- Trunk sawn up
- Seasoned for a year to make stronger - 26The different wood sizesPlaned Square Edge (PSE) - has rough surfaces shaved off with electrical planer
Rough sawn - not smoothed after cut, cheaper, constuction work, not visable
Mouldings - hardwood strippps
Veneers - thin strips to glue on - 27Types of wood protectionWood stain - enhance appearance of grain, do not protect
Oil - maintain natural appearance, protect
Paint - color and protect, emulsion paints do not protect wood from water
Polyurethane Varnish - seal and protect surface of wood - 285 types of manufactured boardsPlywood
Block board
Chip board
MDF
Hardboard - 29Plywood"Loads of layers"
- Popular
- Layers of wood glued with grain at 90 degrees
- Can be bent
- Can be finished with veneer - 30Block board"Blocks in a `sandwich"
- Not as strong as ply wood but cheaper
- Strips of soft wood glued together between veneer
- Veneers with grain at right angles to grain of inner core to make it stronger - 31Chipboard"Woodchips squidged together"
- Cheap but not very strong
- Compressing wood particles with glue
- Veneered surface
Table tops and cheap furniture - 32MDF"Fibres squidged together"
- Cheap
- Soft wood broken down into fibres, mixed with glue and heated and compressed
- Denser and stronger than chipboard
- Smooth faces and takes paint and other finishes well or veneered - 33Hardboard"Like a thinner MDF"
-Cheap but less dense than MDF
- Tiny fibres compressed together with glue in pannels with one smooth side
- Sometimes has plasic one side
- Used for cupboard backs and draw bottoms - 34What size are boards normally sold inSheets = 2440mm long/ 1220 mm wide
Half sheets = 1220mm long/1220 mm wide
Thickness = 3mm intervals - 35What is peg boardBoard with holes already punched in
Putting hooks in or attaching shelves - 36What are mouldingsMDF make for picture rails and door panels
- 37What are ferrous metals and examplesCONTAINS IRON
Cast iron
Mild steel (Iron + carbon)
Stainless steel (Iron + carbon + chromium + nickel) - 38What are non-ferrous metals and examplesCONTAINS NO IRON - elements
Aluminum
Zinc
Copper
Brass (Copper + zinc)
Silver
Pewter (tin + copper + antimony) - 39What are alloysMetals mixed together to get best properties of each metal
- 40Shapes and sizes of metalsSheets
Strips
Rods and bars
Pipe or tube
Angle
U-shaped channel
i-shaped girder - 41Steps to making a metal1. Metal extracted from earth in metal ore
2. Ore is crushed and heated in blast funace
3. Refined to remove impurities
4. Molten metal is cast (poured into mould and cooled)
5. Metal ran through rollers to shape it - 42The three heat treatments for metalsAnnealing
Hardening
Tempering - 43Annealing?Heating metal and leaving to cool slowly
SOFTER , MORE DUCTILE AND LESS BRITTLE - 44HardeningHeating and rapidly cooling a metal
(Heated till red hot and then plunged into cold water or oil, its brittle so its followed by tempering) - 45Tempering?Makes metal tougher
(Cleaned and gently heated, as it heats it changes color - shows how tough it becomes) - 464 ways of coating metalPainting - primer and top coat for outdoor use)
Plastic coating - Thin coat of plasic fused to the metal in an oven
Plating - Electrolysis
Lacquering - Thin layer of cellulose, gum or varnish is applied, barrier against tarnishing and oxidising used for jewellery
Información
- Descripción
- GCSE Product Design Fichas sobre MATERIALS AND COMPONENTS, creado por MEGAN LITTLEWOOD el 24/04/2016.
- Creado por
- MEGAN LITTLEWOOD
- Visitas
- 3
- Valoración