Fichas
Lecture 27 - CBC and anemia
Fichas del conjunto (26)
- 1HGBHemoglobin concentration
Concentration per deciliter of whole blood
Average = 15g/dL - 2RBCRed blood cell count
Number of RBCs in whole blood
Average = 5*10^6
Use 5 in calculation - 3HCTHematocrit
Packed cell volume
% of whole blood occupied by RBCs
Average = 45%
Use 45 in calculation not .45 - 4MCVMean corpuscular volume
The average volume of circulating RBCs
MCV = HCT/RBC (10) - 5MicrocyticMCV < 80 fL
- 6NormocyticMCV 80-100 fL
- 7MacrocyticMCV > 100 fL
- 8MCHMaan corpuscular hemoglobin
Amount of Hb in the average circulating RBC
MCH = HGB/RBC (10)
Average = 26-32 pG/RBC - 9MCHCMean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration
Concentration of Hb in the average circulating RBC
MCHC = HGB/HCT (100)
MCHC = MCH/MCV (100) - 10NormochromicMCHC = 31-37%
- 11HypochromicMCHC < 31%
- 12RDWRed blood cell distribution width
Measure of the variation in RBC volume
Normal = 11-15%
Elevated = anisocytosis
Elevated in nutritional deficiencies - 13Rule of 3RBC in million * 3 = HGB in g/dL
HGB in g/dL * 3 = HCT % - 14Order of RBC formationStem cell > pro erythroblast > early erythroblast > intermediate erythroblast > late erythroblast > reticulocyte > RBC
- 15Nucleus is removed fromLate erythroblast
- 16ErythropoiesisProduction of RBCs in bone marrow
Stimulated by erythropoietin - 17ErythropoietinStimulated by hypoxia or increased demand by tissue for oxygen
Released from kidney, acts on red marrow
Increases BFUE/CFUE cells, the rate of erythroid differentiation, production and release of reticulocytes, iron absorption, and Hb synthesis - 18Recombinant EPOAdministered to patients with kidneys that are too damaged to produce sufficient EPO
- 19Reticulocytes72 hours to mature
48 in marrow
24 in circulation
Contain ribosomes and mRNA - 20AnemiaMost common blood disorder
Reduction in O2 to tissues
Sign of a disease - 21Impaired anemiaImpaired DNA synthesis
Iron deficiency
Lack of hemoglobin - 22Destruction anemiaExcessive hemolysis due to defective RBCs
Acute bleeding - 23Corrected reticulocyteUsed to determine pathological cause of anemia
Calculated value based on the proportion of reticulocytes as compared to total RBCs
Low to normal: Insufficient erythropoiesis
Elevated: Increased RBC destruction or loss - 24Flowchart Q1Is HGB within normal limits?
If yes, no anemia
If no, move to Q2 - 25Flowchart Q2What are the CR levels?
Low or within range: Decreased erythropoiesis, so check MCV
Elevated: Increased RBC destruction or blood loss - 26Flowchart Q3Check MCV if CR levels are low or within range
Low: Microcytic cells with impaired Hb synthesis and possible iron deficiency
Elevated: Increased RBC destruction or blood loss