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Chapter 17 - Development of a Human Embryo
Fichas del conjunto (18)
- 1What is a blastocyst?A hallow ball of cells that surround a fluid filled cavity. The result of 6 day maturation of the zygote
- 2What is the inner cell mass?A group of about 30 stem cells that lie on one side of the cavity in a blastocyst. It will develop into an embryo
- 3What is implantation?Where the blastocyst implants into the wall of the uterus (endometrium) for nourishment
- 4What is a totipotent stem cell?A cell that has the ability to form the embryo and the membranes that nourish it
- 5What is a pluripotent stem cell?A stem cell that is not yet specialised
- 6What is a multipotent stem cell?Able to give rise to cells with a specific function like blood cells
- 7What are the first 2 months of pregnancy referred to as?The embryonic period
- 8What is the name given to the developing individual after the 2nd month?Foetus
- 9What are the 3 primary germ layers of the inner cell mass?1. Ectoderm (outer)
2. Mesoderm (middle)
3. Endoderm (inner) - 10The endoderm gives rise to what parts of the embryo?- Epithelium of alimentary canal & its glands
- Epithelium of the urethra, and urinary & gall bladders
- Epithelium of tonsils
- Epithelium of vagina & its glands - 11The mesoderm gives rise to what parts of the embryo?- Skeletal, smooth & cardiac muscles
- Connective tissues
- Lymphoid tissue
- Dermis of skin
- Epithelium of body & joint cavities
+ more - 12The ectoderm gives rise to what parts of the embryo?- Hair, nails, glands of skin
- Lens, cornea and eye muscles
- Receptor cells of sense organs
-Entire nervous system
- Teeth enamel
- Epithelium of mouth nostrils, anal canal
+ more - 13What are the four roles of the placenta which fall under these categories: Endocrine, excretory, immune, nutritional and respiratoryEndo: Secretion of pregnancy maintaining hormones
Excrete: Transports waste from foetus to mother's blood
Immune: Mother provides antibodies for immunity
Nutrition: Provides nutrients to foetus
Respiratory: O2 from mother to foetus and CO2 from foetus to mother - 14What are chorionic villi?Projections which grow into the endometrium to collect blood from small gaps in the endometrium
- 15How many umbilical arteries and veins are there?1 Umbilical vein
2 Umbilical arteries - 16Describe what happens to an embryo - foetus over 8 weeks- 4mm long
- Brain begins to form
- 5th week arm & leg buds appear
- 8th week recognisable human form
- 3cm in length from head to buttox
- weight 1kg
- Toes and sex organs evident - 17There are 3 sources of stem cells, what are they?1. Umbilical blood and placenta
2. Embryonic: cultured from frozen embryos
3. Adult stem cells - 18What is therapeutic cloning?A method of obtaining embryonic stem cells. A nucleus from patient's body is inserted into a donor's egg (which doesn't have a nucleus)
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- Descripción
- Year 11 ATAR human biology Chapter 17 - Development of a Human Embryo (UNIT 2)
- Creado por
- Zita Wormuth
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