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some key points to remember
Fichas del conjunto (61)
- 11. ___ is a technology for the electronic interchange of data between two or more companies.B. Electronic data interchange (EDI)
- 2C-Mart uses an IT application that allows collaborative scheduling logistics between suppliers and customers. Which of the following IT application is C-Mart likely to be using for this inter-organisational collaborative scheduling?B. Collaborative planning, forecasting and replenishment (CPFR)
- 3NOT true about procurement software?C. Contract management is not managed by procurement systems
- 4. Recently D-market and Shine & Smooth have agreed to implement VMI. What does D-Markt want to achieve by this decision?A. D-markt wants to reduce the aged inventory of Shine & Smooth Shampoos in the future
B. D-markt wants to minimize empty shelf situations before Christmas holiday
C. D-markt wants to be better prepared for promotions such as “3 for the price of 2” - 5is NOT a benefit of cycle count?C. It checks the performance of the inventory team
- 6benefit of cycle count?A. If the receiving team makes mistakes and puts product into the wrong stocking location, this may be noticed and corrected
B. Inventory generally sits on the balance sheet of a company. Correct inventory is financially important to a company
D. Inventory metrics is a measure of operational performance and reflects the adherence to processes - 77. What are the benefits of using Warehouse Management System (WMS)?A. It minimises human intervention in the warehouse operation
B. It helps to optimise warehouse space
C. It can be integrated with other technologies such as RFID - 88. Online retailer Y is running a big scale sales promotion. Some of the most popular items were sold out. In response to this, the logistics manager instructed his team to order more products from the suppliers last week. However many products are still out of stock. The logistics team confirmed with the suppliers that the ordered products were delivered to the warehouse. What warehouse metrics should the logistics manager check now to solve the issue?A. % of put away within a state time
- 911. Which feature in a relational database (such as MS Access) allows adding a new transaction in a quick, reliable and efficient manner?C. Splitting the data in several tables linked by ID fields
- 1012. ‘What-if analysis’ is typically an example of technique used within_____B. Managerial Support Systems
- 1113. Hiccup Pharma is a pharmaceutical company developing and producing medicines for digestive disorders. Senior Management has noticed that competitors often adapt much more quickly to changes in demand, medical trends and regulations; and this has resulted in lower competitiveness and insufficient profitability for the company. Hiccup Pharma has decided to invest in Information Systems to turn things around, but has a limited budget. Given the specific problem faced by Hiccup, which type of Decision Making System should the company invest in?A. Executive Information System (EIS)
- 1214. What type of Internet monitoring technique records information about a customer during a web surfing session, such as what websites were visited and how long the visit was, what ads were viewed, and what was purchased?C. Clickstream
- 1315. What are the three cloud computing service delivery models?B. Infrastructure as a service, software as a service, platform as a service
- 1416. Which of the following systems allow users to create, read, update, and delete data in a relational database?A. Relational database management system
- 1517. Which business application consists of hardware, software, and data that provide location information for display on a multidimensional map?C. Geographic information systems
- 1619. What measures how well a system can adapt to the increased demands of growth?D. Scalability
- 1724. Typically a supply chain encompasses a number of key flows. Which of the below key flows do belong to these key flows?A. Physical flows of materials and flows of information that inform the supply chain
B. Flows of resources such as finance, people and equipment
C. A good relationship with organizations downstream and upstream in the supply chain - 1825. Within the scope of transportation, what is correct regarding volumetric charging?A. It is based on the dimensions of the shipment
- 19. To which of these groups does the INCOTERM DDP (Delivery Duty Paid) belong?D. Arrival
- 2029. There are several recovery options in reverse logistics. Which recovery option is applicable when we refer to value-adding recovery?B. Re-manufacturing
- 2133. Economic order quantity represents a balance between ________C. Inventory holding cost and order processing cost
- 22true about JIT (just-in-time inventory system)?A. Inventory can cover problems sometimes. JIT helps to uncover and proactively fix these problems
B. JIT is essentially making do with the minimum possible level of inventory holding
C. JIT seeks to facilitate small lot production by actively improving the setup process - 2335. In the warehouse of Great-Storage-Solution, the warehouse is divided in many areas. Each area contains a particular group of products. The management has also allocated specific pickers for specific area. Which picking solution would be most applicable for this warehouse?C. Zone picking
- 24Logistics involves getting ....Logistics involves getting the right product, in the right way, in the right quantity and right quality, in the right place at the right time for the right customer at the right cost.
- 25As companies internationalize, they think and behave within ethnocentric, polycentric and geocentric boundaries regardless of being MNCs or TNCtrue
- 26The mismatch between demand and returns leads to excess stocks of unwanted parts and component and shortages of those that are required.true
- 27Directional imbalancesWorld trade has grown considerably over the past 50 years, mainly driven by globalization and more recent trends, such as offshoring. One particular characteristic of freight markets, which distinguishes them from passenger markets, is what are commonly referred to as directional imbalances – freight usually moves to either be consumed at the destination point or have further value added to it before making another journey = most freight makes one-way journeys. Sometimes directional imbalances can exist in opposite directions on the same route for different commodities. e.g. perishable products, which usually require refrigerated containers
- 28FDI(Foreign Direct Investment) flows are financial flows from a company in one country to invest in another countrytrue
- 29Companies outsource for the following reasonreduce taxes
- 30SLATo effectively manage the outsource arrangement, companies generally put in place a service level agreement (SLA) and performance metrics. SLA: legally binding contract between a customer and a supplier to identify upfront the performance levels expected.
• Order qualifiers: those who qualify by meeting those criteria and/or performance expectations defined in the SLA.
• Order winners: those who are actually selected as partners. - 31There are four modes of integration within a supply chain: Supply chain integration is a term that embodies various communication channels and linkages within a supply network – but it should not be confused with collaboration. While supply chain integration is the alignment and interlinking of business processes, collaboration is a relationship between supply chain partners developed over a period of time.• Internal integration: cross-functional integration within a selected organization.
• Backward integration: integration with selected first-tier and increasingly second-tier suppliers.
• Forward integration: integration with selected first-tier customers or service providers. It is uncommon with second-tier customers.
• Forward and backward integration: integration with suppliers and customers. This ‘total’ integration is rare but theoretically ideal. - 32Supply Chain collaboration has two dimensions. Which areCollaboration has two dimensions:
• Vertical collaboration between suppliers and customers
• Horizontal collaboration between competitors and other supply chain actors
Vertical collaboration is more common and easier to implement than horizontal collaboration – however, supply networks that achieve both will gain significant business benefit.
- 33Taking a top down approach on strategy, SCM has three strategies. These areCorporate strategy, business unit strategy and functional strategy
- 34Agile supply chains and mass customizationOne of the key enablers of agile supply chains is the use of a technique known as mass customization: customization into various different finished products of what are often largely mass-produced products. Mass customization makes use of the principle of postponement: involves the reconfiguration of product and process design as to allow postponement of final product customization as far downstream as possible. Decoupling point: the point at which we move from the base product to customized products.
Agile supply chain: a demand-pull chain designed to cope with volatile demand. It is structured as to allow maximum flexibility and will often incorporate postponed production. - 35When supply chain excellence is achieved, often two key shifts are apparent:Relative customer value increases and relative delivered cost decreases
- 36modes of transportThere are five principal modes of transport namely air, road, water, rail and pipeline – the essence of effective deregulation is that by removing unnecessary barriers to competition, markets become more contestable and (in theory at least) prices should come down and service should improve. This in turn makes it easier and more efficient to move freight around the world.
- 37Intermodal transportation uses onlyIntermodal transport: freight moves within a loading unit (intermodal transport unit), which may move upon a number of different transport modes, but the freight remains within the unit at all times. e.g. containers on ships, trains and trucks
- 38A 4PL company can also provide 3PL service.false
Ideally a 4PL may not have the capabilities of a 3PL(logistic infrastructure, distribution network and other physical resources), because the role of 4PL is at coordination or consultation mainly. But a 3PL might have both capabilities. This is the industry best practice. - 39In logistics and transportation, FTK(Freight Tonne Kilometers) is theVolume of freight measured in tonnes multiplied by the distance the freight travels measured in kilometers
- 40FGPFactory gate pricing (FGP): the use of an ex-works price for a product plus the organization and optimization of transport by the purchaser to the point of delivery.
• FGP saves money for the retailer due to increased supply chain visibility and better management of transport leading to reduction in delays in their inbound logistics.
• Retailers are also looking at further improving their efficiency by increasing the back loading of store delivery vehicles and the consolidation of smaller loads into consolidation centers.
• Enables suppliers to focus on their core competencies as the retailer organizes the transportation. - 41There are various types of ITUs(Intermodal Transport Units) in use. The most commons types are containers with 20 feet or 40 feet length.true
- 42In logistics, the consignor is the party whoOwns the consignment and asks it to be moved
- 43In INCOTERMS, BL implies toBill of Lading
- 44When a company has its own transportation arrangements, its calledOwn account transportation
- 45The procurement process1. Specify the requirements that the contract must deliver
• Requirements should be defined from a technical, commercial and end-user perspective
• In many cases organizations do not understand the market better than suppliers
• Sometimes the specification is unclear or ambiguous
2. Identify suitable potential suppliers who are able to meet the defined requirements or specification
• Advertising and promoting the contract opportunity
• Determining an appropriate level of competition to reflect the risk and value being procured
• Attracting new or more interesting suppliers who may be able to add more value to your business vs. incumbents
3. Select a suitable supplier or suppliers to deliver the contract
• Picking a winner from suppliers who have sufficient capability and capacity to deliver the contract
• The evaluation criteria in terms of quality and price
• The balance needed between quality and price
4. Manage the contract to ensure that the key deliverables are fully met
• Success criteria or key performance indicators are required to ensure that the contract requirements are be - 46PPVA traditional procurement measurement is purchase price variance (PPV), which is a measure of the variance between the actual price paid versus the standard cost of the item. The standard cost of an item would be included in a bill of material for a particular product and is used to calculate the product cost. The performance of the buyer would then be measured as a variance around the standard cost or original purchase price – a positive variance might suggest that the buyer is performing well and a negative variance might suggest the buyer is not performing. Inappropriate measures can have unintended consequences.
- 47Inventory reduction principles• Inventory pooling: inventory centralization + reduced inventory management.
• Reduce variation
• Reduce lead time as it directly affects inventory held.
• JIT: minimum possible level of inventory holding - 48Cross-dockingCross-docking bypasses the storage areas in ware houses and distribution centers. Storage should be avoided unless the freight requires one of the four value-adding activities, otherwise storage is costly and non-value adding. Cross-docking reduces cost and improves customer service by accelerating the processing of freight requiring reshipment. Cross-docking is typically employed for fast-moving freight with constant demand that spends less than 24 hours on site.
- 49Value-adding activities:Value-adding activities: those supply chain activities that enhance products to increase the customer’s perceptions of those products’ benefits. Customer value can be added by:
• Improving product quality during storage
• Improving the service associated with the product
• Reducing costs of the product
• Reducing lead time of the product
Warehousing operations can achieve each of these objectives in various ways:
o Creating bulk consignments
o Breaking bulk consignments
o Combining freight
o Smoothing supply to meet demand - 50ABC analysis:ABC analysis: a tool to separate out the most important inventory items so that more attention can be focused on them. ABC analysis is based on the principle that out of the myriad items an inventory manager needs to handle, there are only a few that account for most of the inventory expenses (80/20 rule!). To carry out this analysis, the expenses incurred annually for each individual item are collected, and the items are listed in the order from the highest expense to the lowest expense.
- 51The technology for electronic exchange of data between two or more companies is known asEDI
- 52Three is one major flaw in ERP. Which one is it?It doesn't extend across the complete supply chain
- 53With VMI the following can be reduced significantlybullwhip effect
- 54CPFR isAn IT tool to supplant ERP
- 55When applied within the supply chain, RFID technologies canAutomatically locate and identify physical freight
- 56ASNAdvanced shipment notification (ASN): advance notification of inbound shipment from the freight system can automatically initiate the inbound process prior to the shipment arriving.
- 57Typically an SLA will includeScope of service
To effectively manage the outsource arrangement, companies generally put in place a service level agreement (SLA) and performance metrics. SLA: legally binding contract between a customer and a supplier to identify upfront the performance levels expected.
• Order qualifiers: those who qualify by meeting those criteria and/or performance expectations defined in the SLA.
• Order winners: those who are actually selected as partners. - 58Reverse logistics concentrates on the flow of materialsFrom the point of consumption towards the point of origin
- 59Motivations for reverse logistics• Government policy and legislation – several countries, especially in Europe, have enhanced legislation and policy, forcing manufacturers to take back their products after use. This legislation generally concerns collection, transportation, recovery and disposal of used products. Take-back programmes are not prevalent in the USA, although some are developing.
• Economic considerations – along with rapid depletion of landfill space, the landfill usage cost has increased heavily. As disposal costs increased so rapidly, recoverable manufacturing systems became more profitable.
• Environmental considerations – successful design and implementation of reverse logistics can help companies to adhere to environmental legislation and can create an opportunity to project themselves as ‘green’ companies.
• Shift towards buying sets of services – instead of buying physical products, consumers are gradually moving towards buying a set of services along with their products. - 60In a closed loop reverse logistics system, origin(sources) and destinations (sinks) coincide so that flows cycle in the system.true
- 61The external factors for successful reverse logistics implementation areLegislation, customer demand and incentive
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- Logistics Fichas sobre some key points to remember, creado por A K el 19/06/2018.
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