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AS Media Studies Terminology
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- 1ArchetypeA universal type or model of character that is found in many different texts, e.g. villain, wise old woman, hero, lover, mentor, loyal friend
- 2AudienceViewers, listeners and readers of a media text
- 3Binary OppositesThe way opposites are used to create interest in media texts, such as good/bad, coward/hero, youth/age, black/white. According to Levi-Strauss, one side of the binary pair is always seen by a particular society or culture as more valued over the other
- 4CatharsisViolent and and sexual content in media texts serves the function of releasing aggression/desire in audiences that they are otherwise unable to express
- 5CensorshipControl over the content of a media text by the government or a regulatory body
- 6CGIComputer Generated Imagery, special effects that enhance still and moving images
- 7CodeA sign or convention through which the media communicates meaning to the audience because they have learned to read it in that way
- 8Technical CodesThe way a text is technically constructed eg. camera angles, framing, typography, lighting, etc
- 9Visual CodesCodes that are drawn on our experience and understanding of other media texts and the meanings of these texts
- 10IconographyThe use of visual images and how they trigger the audiences expectations of a particular genre, eg. a knife in horror films
- 11ConsumerThe purchaser, listener, viewer or reader of media products/texts
- 12ContextTime, place or mindset that the audience consumes media products
- 13ConventionsThe recognised way of doing things in a particular genre
- 14ConvergenceThe way in which technologies and institutions come together in order to create something new eg. the iPad is the convergence of books, TV, maps and the internet or cinema is the convergence of photography and moving image
- 15DemographicsCharacteristics of a population sample, e.g. age, gender, race, nationality, income, disability, education
- 16DenotationThe everyday/common sense meaning of a sign
- 17ConnotationThe secondary meaning that a sign carries in addition to it’s everyday meaning
- 18Diegetic SoundSound whose source is visible on the screen
- 19Non Diegetic SoundSound effects, music or narration where the source cannot be seen
- 20EnigmaA question in a text that is not immediately answered and creates interest for the audience eg. a puzzle that the audience has to solve
- 21FeminismThe struggle by women to obtain equal rights in society
- 22GazeThe way we look at something structures the way we view the world
- 23GenreThe type or category of a media text, according to its form, style and content
- 24HegemonyHow controllers of the media use the media to pursue their own political interests and also where people who are critical of the establishment can air their views
- 25Hypodermic Needle TheoryThe idea that the media can ‘inject’ ideas and messages straight into the passive audience and become immediatly affected by these messages
- 26IdeologyIdeas or beliefs which are held by the creators of the media text and could be similar with those of the dominant ruling social groups in society or alternative ideologies
- 27Indexical SignA sign which has a direct relationship with something it signifies, such as smoke signifies fire
- 28ImageA visual representation of something
- 29InstitutionsThe organisations which produce and control media texts such as the BBC, Time Warner and News International
- 30IntertextualityThe idea that within popular culture producers borrow other texts to create interest to the audience who like to share the ‘in’ joke. Examples include when TV programmes mention real current films or TV shows to create audience interest
- 31Media LanguageThe way in which the media communicates to the audience and the forms and conventions by which it does so
- 32Media PlatformThe different ways that media content is delivered, via TV, laptop, tablet, smartphone, cinema, computer game, printed page etc. Most media organisations deliver their content via a multitude of platforms
- 33Media ProductA text that has been designed to be consumed by an audience eg. a film, radio show, newspaper etc
- 34Mise-en-SceneEverything that appears on the screen in a single frame and how this helps the audience to decode what’s going on
- 35Mode of AddressThe way a media product ‘speaks’ to it’s audience
- 36MontagePutting together visual images to form a sequence
- 37Moral PanicA feeling stirred up by the media about an issue that appears to threaten the social order, such as against Muslims after 9/11
- 38Multi-MediaComputer technology that allows text, sound, graphic and video images to be combined into one programme
- 39Narrative codeThe way a story is put together within a text, traditionally equilibrium- disequilibrium, new equilibrium
- 40News ValuesFactors that influence whether a story will be picked for coverage
- 41Non-Verbal CommunicationCommunication between people other than by speech
- 42OwnershipThose who produce and distribute the media texts
- 43PatriarchyThe historical domination and exploitation of women by men
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- Fichas sobre AS Media Studies Terminology, creado por Mourad el 12/04/2015.
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