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edwarlin000 Inglés 101 fichas

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1Captain of IndustryA good person during the Gilded age who was a fair boss who made money from their smarts, inventions, and paid fair wages.
2KKKA terrorist group after the civil war targeting ex-slaves in the south.
3—Manifest Destiny
The thought that is was god's will for you to work for what you earn and that you can go anywhere as long as you try your hardest.
4MartyrA hero that died for a religious cause,
Ex: John Brown
5MonopolyCrushing the competition so much that you control everything in your production. People can only buy it from you.
6AmendmentA change to the constitution, usually for better rights or to help the people
7BiasAn opinion that someone holds that effects their judgment instead of judging with right judgment
8RadicalAn extreme feeling about something, this is usually taken to very far measures.
ex: Radical Republicans
9RatifyTo make something offical
10CapitalismPrivate ownership and competition, the customer gets the benefits
11Robber BaronA cruel boss who would stop at nothing just to make money. Paid unfairly and only looked out for themselves
12RuralA secluded area that hasn't been developed on yet
13Separation of powersThe 3 branches of government have each of their responsibilities
14—Checks and Balances
The three branches have some control over each other so no one has too much power
15BlockadeA tactic in the civil war that was used to not let anything in the ports
16AssimilateTo adopt another culture or take on other properties. Ex: Native Americans
17EmancipatedTo be freed from slavery or other bonds
18JudicalA house of congress that consists of 9 judges and deals in approving laws. They vote in this house and it has the Supreme Court
19OverrideTo completely take over something
20Social DarwinismAdapting to a culture and whoever doesn't adapt gets left behind and dies. Those who change survive and those who don't, don't make it.
21SufferageFighting for the right to vote
22Taxation Without RepresentationEngland taxed the new American colonies and raised them on certain products. They were having their rights taken away as a colony, and the king didn't have the right to tax them but he did it anyway.
23Trade unionWhen workers form together to create a big group. Usually to fight for rights or go on strike.
24UrbanA highly populated area, a city and or place with lots of business.
25VetoWhen a bill goes to the president and he says no to it and sends it back to the legislate branch
26Popular SovereigntyThe idea that the citizens power the government
27RepublicanismCitizens vote for who they want to represent them.
28FederalismThe government is divided into National, State, and Local government.
29Due ProcessHaving the same fair treatment in a court of law no matter who you are or what your social standing is.
30—Congress
A part of the government made up of two houses. The house of Reps, and the Senate.
31Bicameralhaving two branches or sides
32BoomtownA town that grew really fast in population and wealth because of the businesses that were popping up in the town.
33EconomicsGoods and Services provided by the population that makes the world go round. Selling and buying stuff.
34EnfranchiseTo give the right to vote
35EnumeratedA number of things. Counting one by one
36Forty-ninersSomeone who went and tried to get gold off of the gold rush in California
37Free EnterpriseThe right to own your own business and earn your own profit
38Habeas CorpusThe right that you can't be held in prison without being given a court date that is soon
39IndustryThe creation of a good or service in the economy
40NomadicSomeone who moved around as a hunter. Where their food went, they followed
41TariffA tax put on products. They are made to restrict trade.
42—Supreme Court
In the Judaical Branch, made up of 9 judges and they deal with the federal cases
43—Thomas Jefferson
The third president of the United States, and he bought the Louisiana Purchase in 1803.
44—Andrew Jackson
7th president of the United States, and in acted the Indian removal act aka Trail of tears.
45—Sacajawea
Lead Lewis and Clark in the new world and had a baby on the way. She was an Indian who was married to a Frenchman and then given to them as a guide
46—James K. Polk
The 11th president, he got more land than any other president and started the Mexican American war that ended with the treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo
47—Frederick Douglass
Escaped Slave when slavery was still legal, he is famous for his auto biography and was self taught to read in secret
48—Harriet Beecher Stowe
A northern girl who lived on a border state and saw the effects of slavery, so she wrote a fictional book called Uncle Tom's Cabin and showed many people the real effects of slavery
49—John Brown
A martyr who died after being caught with his sons in the Raid of Harper's Ferry, he was an abolitionist
50—Robert E Lee
Confederate War general who was in Virginia and U. S. Grant's rival. He won many battles against the Union and was one of the primary reasons the confed. did so well
51—Andrew Johnson
The 'Veto' President earning his name for vetoing a lot of reconstruction laws that would benefit the ex-slaves, such as the civil rights acts
52—Susan B. Anthony
She was a women's suffragist who had worked with Elisabeth Caddy Stanton, they fought for voting rights and other liberation
53—Sitting Bull
Resistance to the reservations and fought back the police. Died in wounded knee accident and after that the resistances from everyone stopped
54—George Custer
Took a chance at battle of Little Bighorn aka Custer's last stand, where he was defeated by Sitting Bull's army.
55—Cornelius Vanderbilt
A business man in the gilded age who made his fortune off of Railroads
56—John Rockefeller
A business man who was the richest man in his time and ours if he had today's money, he made it off of oil and created a monopoly crushing all the competition
57—Andrew Carnegie
A Robber Baron who made his fortune off of steel and he created a new way of making steel, and there were strikes where people died in his factories and his dam he built flooded a town and killed about two hundred people
58—Jamestown
First English Settlement in the world known for profit on tobacco. It was in Virginia and they followed the official church of England
59—Plymouth
Formed for Religious purposes (puritan Church), and was in Massachusetts. Created Thanksgiving, they were friends with Indians, and farmed their own food.
60—Lexington and Concord
First fight of the Revolutionary War, and it happened in 1775. British Retreated and it was the 'Shot heard around the world'
61—Erie Canal
A canal that helped Philadelphia become one of the biggest ports. It has a system of thirty-six locks and about 350 miles and was from Albany to Buffalo at lake Erie. It was beginning into building in 1817
62—Where the major battle of the Mexican American War occurred. Everyone in battle there died. It was eventually won by Santa Anna.
63—Harper's Ferry
A raid to help slaves escape lead by John Brown. His plan failed and him and his sons all died in his attempt.
64—Fort Sumter
First official battle of the civil war. The confederate troops won and it was in 1861.
65—Gettysburg
Union won this battle and Lincoln delivered the Gettysburg address. 5100 deaths over 3 days.
66—Appomattox courthouse
Where the civil war treaty was signed and where it officially ended. Lee surrendered and the confederate army stated to become the US
67—Fords theater
Where Lincoln was shot by John wilkes booth. He didn't die till the next morning, but Wilkes was caught and punished by death.
68—Promontory Point Utah
Where the transcontinental rail way met and the last spoke was made of pure gold.
69—Ellis island
A place where new immigrants would come on the new York side. It was the way into the new world
70—Angel island
Where new immigrants would go on the California side. Mostly Asian
71Declaration of Independencea document signed to start the modern day America. It was to tell England that they wouldn't take the tax anymore and become their own nation.
72Revolutionary warThe war that set England and the Colonies at odds with each other that ended up with the colonies winning and becoming America.
73Articles of ConfederationsThe first form of the Constitution, before the states got mad and made amendments.
74Great Comprimise2 houses were made in congress because the Virginians wanted reps by population and New jersey wanted equality. Senate is made up by 2 from each state and HOR is by population.
75Passing the ConstitutionOriginally made up of the AOC, but amendments were made to have it passed faster to make the states happy because they wanted rights for the individual and not as many government rights, which ended up in the Bill of Rights.
76Adding Bill of RightsAnti-Federalists were angry that the National Government would have too much power so they wanted rights for the individual before they would ratify it. It took ten years after being ratified till it was added.
77—Louisiana Purchase
Largest Plot of land ever to be bought at once in U. S. history. Bought by Thomas Jefferson for 5,000,000$ from Napoleon from France. Happened in 1803 and basically 4 cents per acre. It was 800,000 acres
78—Missouri Comp
Maine Separated and became a free state so MO became a slave state and said that anything under the 36, 30 line was slave and anything above was free
79Indian Removal Act aka Trail or TearsAndrew Jackson signed a law to move them west to reservations. The five tribes were Seminole, Choctaw, Cherokee, Sioux, and Creek Indians.
80Mexican-American WarFinished with the treaty of Guadalupe Hildalgo and with the Texicans winning, however they became part of the United States after a while. Santa Anna won.
81California Gold Rush49's rushed to California to find gold and strike rich. People moved west and some weren't miners but they still became rich off of selling things to miners.
82Homestead ActsLincoln signed them to say that anyone male and head of the family and over 21 could apply for a land grant from the government.
83Industrial RevolutionWhen everything stated coming out with new inventions and then the demand for cotton went up and the slaves had to work harder with the making of the cotton gin. Other things include: telegraph, lightbulb, ect.
84Underground RailroadAn escape way that lead from the south to canada for the slaves. Lead by conductors like: Harriet Tubman.
85Seneca Falls conventionA rally for women's rights activists who were there to be suffragists and gain the right to vote
86Comp of 1850California would become a free state, Remainder of Mexico would be determined by popular sovereignty, and to make the south happy there would be a stricter fugitive slave act
87Kansas Nebraska ActSettlers in that area would vote if free or not, this cause a ton of people to moved the Jayhawkers, which were the anti-slavery and the Bushwackers who were pro-slavery. It over rid the 36, 30 line rule.
88Dred Scott vs. SanfordKnown as the Dred Scott decision, he was a slave sueing for his freedom because he was now living in a free state. His case went to the supreme court and the judge, Taney, said he wasn't a citizen because he was black which set back and made a lot of african americans mad.
89Fugitive Slave ActAn act that said if any slave escaped and wasn't born free, then they could and would be brought back to their masters and sold back into slavery.
90Bleeding KansasWhen the Kansas-Nebraska Act was passed people fled to Kansas to live their so they could make it a free/slave state. Guerrilla Warfare was used which were dirty tricks with no real order so you had to fight or die sometimes.
91Civil WarSouthern States wanted slavery Northern didn't. Confederates succeeded from the states because they wanted to keep their way of life and the Union fought to bring them back in. It lasted 4 years and was a bloody time. Robert E lee was for the confederacy because he was faithful to Virginia, and his rival U. S. Grant was for the union. The union won and the confederates came back.
92Emancipation ProcliamtionLincoln signed this saying that any slave in a confederate state was freed, however it did not go into effect immediately because troops had to set them free and many were scared to go out on their own
93Civil War draft riotsLincoln put out a draft that said you had to join the Union Army when they needed help, and they could get out of it by paying 400$, but many couldn't pay so there were riots on the streets of New York where the poor attacked the rich
94—Gettysburg Address
Written on the back of an envelope on a train by Lincoln on his way to the aftermath of the Gettysburg battle. He acknowledged the dead soldiers and told people to fight for them in a time span of like 3 minutes
95ReconstructionThe time right after the civil war when the south was coming back and the ex-slaves were being given rights to make it easier to join civilization
96Civil War Amendments13th: All slaves are freed
14th: Granted citizenship
15th: Given right to vote
97—Finished Trans-railroad
Opened up an easy and safe was to move to the west. Fast way for the goods to move around the country.
98Indian WarsThe U.S. forcing Indians to move to reservations and them fighting back. Sitting Bull, Crazy horse, Geronimo, Red cloud, and Chief Joseph were leaders from different tribes. Sitting Bull was accused of doing the Ghost Dance, so they were going to arrest him at Wounded Knee Creek, but they shot him dead and that was the final resistance.
99Gilded AgeA time when the economy was repairing and the common man could become rich, but more often that not the rich got richer, however if you were considered good at what you did you were a captain of industry, but if you stepped on people to get where you were you are a robber baron.
100Populist Party aka People's partyMade mostly of farmers to have a common man point of view to oppose the Rich people in general, and they usually tried to get common rights and put people into the office from this party. It was short lived
101Plessy vs. FergusonThis man sat in a white car and identified himself as a black man, which went to the supreme court and they ruled that things were good separate as long as they were equal. This is an example of a Jim Crow law.