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The Odyssey
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- 1When does Odysseus show that he is a good leader?Doesn't tell his men about Scylla
Finds and saves his men from Circe - 2When does Odysseus show that he is a bad leader?In Ismarus he fails to control his men
He gets six men killed by Polyphemus
He runs away from the Laestrygonians
Success in the Battle in the Hall
His men disobey him when they open Aeolus' bag of wind (because they believe him to be keeping booty from him) - 3Odysseus as a good Greek HeroBooty - Phaeacians give him more than Troy
Kleos - Fears a non-famous death
Athletic - Phaeacian games
Success - Troy, sung about by Demodocus - 4How is Odysseus shown to be a Bad Hero?Brains over brawn
Bad leader
Runs away (Phaeacians) - 5Role of EurycleiaEurycleia offers pathos over Od's long absence
She doesn't reveal his identity when she feels his leg. Keeps maids in quarters. She doesn't reveal Telemachus' journey to the suitors. - 6Role of MelanthiusPunished for being disloyal to Odysseus. Tortured and killed by the 4 men in the hall (Od, Tele, Eu and Philoetius)
Highlights the loyalty of the other herdsmen
Show's Odysseus' brutality (arguably an antihero) - 7Role of the MaidsReport Penelope to the suitors so her scheme with the shroud fails, therefore heightens tension over whether Penelope will be able to holdout against the suitors.
Raped by the Suitors (acknowledged by Od)
Punished by being strung up like doves (arguably innocent) - 8Role of MelanthoOne of the maids
Sleeps with Eurymachus
Hanged with the other maids - 9Role of EumaeusLoyal to Odysseus
Helps Odysseus to reclaim his throne
Dear to Homer (spoken about in the 2nd person)
Shown to be a good person (gives Od. food and shelter when he is unaware)
Surrogate father to Telemachus - 10How are the actions of immortals shown to be contradictory?Zeus is the god of Xenia but sinks the Phaeacians ship
Polyphemus is shown to be unpious but the gods aid him
Zeus is the god of supplication but doesn't punish Odysseus for killing Leodes (the nice suitor) when he supplicates - 11How does Athene help Odysseus?Troy
She appeals to Zeus for Odysseus
Makes him sexy (Nausicaa)
Makes him stronger (Games and Irus)
Prevents spears from hitting him - 12How does Odysseus show his want of Kleos?Tells Polyphemus his identity
Hides it from the Phaeacians until after Demodocus had sang about the Trojan Horse
Cries on that log
Tells Achilles not to grieve because he is famous - 13When does Odysseus show his cunning?Nobody
Tied up for the Sirens
Trojan Horse
Goes past Scylla (sacrifice) because they cannot pass Charybdis
Makes sure he is disguised as a beggar rather than confronting 108 suitors - 14How are Odysseus' skills shown?Builds a raft on Ogygia
Builds the wedding bed
Cunning - deceitful plans
Athlete - Phaeacian Games (Further than any other could shoot a bow)
Experienced warrior and leader - 15How is Odysseus helped by women?Athene - disguise, strength and fighting
Calypso - dragged him to safety on Ogygia
Ino - protects him from the storm
Nausicaa - clothes, food and directions
Arete - xenia (he supplicates) and gifts
Circe - hospitality and what to do next
Penelope - deals with the suitors - 16What is the first Cretan tale? (To Athene who appeared as a young and attractive shepherd boy and he wants to protect his booty)He killed Idomeneus' son so he was exiled, threw himself on the mercy of a Phoenician ship. gave them booty to take him to Pylos or Elis but a strong wind blew them here where they then left him.
- 17What is the second Cretan tale? (To Eumaeus)He fought with Odysseus at Troy (he uses this to convince Eumaeus to give him his cloak) and made it home safely, he claims, but a trip that he made later to Egypt went awry, and he was reduced to poverty. He tells Eumaeus that Odysseus is alive
- 18List Odysseus' 12 challengesThe Cicones, The Lotus Eaters, Polyphemus, Aeolus' Bag of Wind, Laestrygonians, Circe, Hades, Sirens, Scylla and Charybdis, Island of the Sun, Ogygia, Schyrie.
- 19What happened on Ismarus?They sacked the city of the Cicones. Odysseus tried to get his men to leave but they wouldn't, the neighbours turned up and Odysseus lost 6 men from every ship
- 20What happened with the Lotus Eaters?Sent men inland who tried the mythical lotus fruit. They lost any wish to go home.
Odysseus had them tied up and dragged under the benches - 21What happened with Polyphemus?Ate his cheese (xenia). Polyphemus ate (6 of) Odysseus' men. Nobody. Made Polyphemus drunk on Maron, Priest of Apollo's 20 strength wine. Stabbed out Poly.'s eye with a hot, sharpened olive wood stick. Escape under the bellies of tied together ewes (Od under the biggest ram.
- 22What happened on Telepylus?Everyone lands in the harbour but Od's ship.
Send two men who see Antiphates' daughter
Led by Antiphates they throw rocks and destroy the ships
11/12 ships eaten by Laestrygonians - 23What happened in Aeolia?Aeolus shows xenia (they stay for a month)
9 days and nights later (smoke over homeland) Odysseus' men open the bag of wind and they are blown off course. They return but Aeolus will not helped someone detested by the gods. - 24What happened on Aeaea?Circe turns Od's men to pigs. Eurylochus reports this Odysseus heads off, receives moly and advice from Hermes. Advances on Circe with a sword and make her swear to not kill him. Then he has sex with her (domination/rape) They stay for a year until his men get bored
- 25At the beginning of the Odyssey, where is Poseidon and what does this mean for Odysseus?Poseidon is in Ethiopia
It means that Athene can finally help him escape Ogygia after 7 years - 26What is Athene's disguise when she visits Telemachus?Mentes (an old family friend)
- 27What does Telemachus complain about to Mentes in Book 1?His father is missing, it would be easier if he had died in Troy and that the suitors are courting his mum and eating his fortune
- 28Where does Telemachus go in the Telemachiad?Pylos to see Nestor and Sparta to see Menelaus and Helen
- 29Who is the suitor's minstrel?Phemius
- 30What is Odysseus' 'never-failing wish'?To return home
- 31How does Ino help Odysseus?She tells him to get off the raft and to use her veil. He has to throw it back into the sea without looking when he gets to shore
- 32What could Odysseus sleeping in a bed of leaves symbolise?He re-birth into civilisation
He has learnt much
Athene send him to sleep (he continues to be a favourite of the gods) - 33How is Odysseus' cunning shown when he talks to Calypso?He has to reject her nicely. He claims that she is much better than Penelope but he really misses home. He can't say that a mortal is better than an immortal.
- 34What is 'Nostos'?the idea of returning home from a long journey
- 35How is Odysseus shown to be cunning when talking to Nausicaa?He supplicates but doesn't grab her knees
He describes her as being like a palm tree and Artemis (both innocent and pious references). He also says that her parents would be very proud of her. - 36How are the Phaeacians threatening to Odysseus?They are descended from Poseidon (who hates him)
They used to live in Hypereie (neighbours of the cyclopes must be formidable)
Odysseus is told by Nausicaa and Athene to supplicate to Arete not Alcinous - 37Who does Athene appear as at the Phaeacian Games?A herald. (she also makes him taller and broader)
- 38Who is the bard in Schyrie?Demodocus
- 39What does Demodocus sing of?1. the disagreement between Achilles and Odysseus
2. Ares and Aphrodite
3. The Trojan Horse - 40Who comes up from Erebus before Elpenor?unmarried women, old men who suffered, once-happy girls and warriors
- 41What does Elpenor ask of Odysseus?To bury him properly
- 42Name some women from the parade of women from the Book of the DeadJocasta (Epicaste), Tyro (Poseidon was the baby daddy of her children), Antiope.
- 43What are some parallels between Odysseus and Agamemnon?Returning home from Troy
Telemachus/Orestes
Penelope/Clytemnestra
Aegisthus/Suitors - 44What are some parallels between Odysseus and Achilles?Travelled to Hades
They both use the bow
They both have 12 trials
Odysseus must choose to die an old man rather than in battle (Achilles wants this)
Achilles asks after his father Peleus - 45How is Odysseus' cunning shown when he tells the story of the book of the dead?He stops it halfway for sleep. Makes the Phaeacians want more and makes Arete and Alcinous give him more gifts
- 46What is the Island of the Sun called?Thrinacie
- 47What do Scylla and Charybdis look like?
- 48What does Odysseus tell Eumaeus in his second Cretan tale?- He had many brother but he was the son of a concubine
- Led a great fleet at Troy
- This allowed him to win a lot of money
- Zeus struck his ship with lightning
- He forgot his cloak in Troy so Odysseus gave him his - 49What does Odysseus tell Athene in his first Cretan tale?- He is an exile from Crete
- Killed Idomeneus
- Idomeneus was the fastest man in Crete
He tried to take what Od. had won at Troy
-Ran away with a Phoenician ship - 50What is Telemachus reaction when Athene reveals Odysseus to him?Thinks that he is a god.
Doesn't believe that it is his father.
They hug and cry like eagles. - 51What does Telemachus do when he and Odysseus return to the house?Telemachus must not react badly when Odysseus is abused
He tells them to give up their wild behaviour knowing full well they won't listen
Hides the weapons
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- Fichas sobre The Odyssey, creado por emma_royal el 27/05/2015.
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