Fichas
Part I study guide
Fichas del conjunto (51)
- 1DEVIANCEObservation that many of the institutional designed to discourage deviant behavior may serve to perpetuate or even increase deviance.
- 2Absolutist Perspectiveconsidered defining deviance as a simple task, implying that a widespread consensus exist about what is deviant and what is not
- 3Emile Durkheimagreed that the laws of any given society are objective facts. Lays reflect the "collective consciousness." They exist before individuals enter society and thereby reveal its true social nature.
- 4Homogeneous SocietyWill flourish in a society where citizens agree that there is something obvious within each deviant act, belief, or condition that makes it different. If it wrong in the past it is wrong always
- 5Normative behaviorIs inherently good and deviance is inherently bad
- 6Three Perspectives on Defining DevianceAbsolutist Perspective
Relativist Perspective
Social Power Perspective - 7Relativist PerspectiveThat group in society makeup rules to fit the practical needs of their institutions - believed that deviance was not universal, yet varied to suit people who hold them. Deviance derived from humans not God or nature.
- 8Relativist Argumentthe definitions of deviance are social products have likely to be situationable invoked under certain circumstances
- 9Social Power PerspectiveThe views on crime and deviance are not arbitrarily formed by just any group of "other" (close to comfort theory)
- 10Quinney's beliefLaws reflect the interest and concern of the dominant class in a society
Deviance - a representation of unequal power in society - 11Deviant IdentityTwo sides of constructional deviance - is articulation and it's appreciation
- 12Devianceviolation of social norms
- 13normsbehavioral codes or prescriptions that guide people into actions and self presentation that confirm to social acceptability
- 143 types of normsfolkway
mores
lawas - 15Folkway normsstandards of dress, demeanor, physical closeness to the distance from others and existing behaviors...
- 16Mores (mor-ays)Norms based on broad societal morales who's infractions would generate more serious social conditions
- 17LawsSupported by codified social sanctions. If you violate the laws you will be arrested and punished
- 18ABC'sAttitudes
behaviors
conditions - 19Attitudesbelief system extreme political attitude mental illness
Religion, radical political views - 20Behavioraldeviant for outward actions become deviant (behavioral)
they become deviant because of social definitional process that give unequal rights to powerful and dominant groups in society - 21Conditionsbeing born in to certain situations that a person acquire.
deviant socioeconomic status such as being poor or ultra rich, person of color in a dominantly white society, physical disabilities. - 22three categories of S'ssin
sick
selected - 23ascribed deviant statusbased on conditions they acquire from birth and being extremely poor or ultra rich
- 24DSMVdiagnostic
statistical manual of disorders
(road rage, internet addiction disorder, self injury, child hyperactivity) - 25communitiescultural space that develops its min ethos
- 262 competing forces in a comunity1. those forces which promote high degree of conformity among the people in the community so that they know what to expect.
2. Encourage certain degree of diversity so that people can deploy across the rang of group spaces to survey it's potential, measure its capcity, and patrol its boundaries. - 27Negative deviancedeals with nonconformity or under conformity that is positively evaluated
- 28Rate bustinginvolves over conformity or hyper conformity that is negatively evaluated
- 29Positive deviancehas to do with over conforming or hyper conformity that is positively evaluated
- 304 ways to define devianceabsolutist approach
statistical approach
normative/objective approach
reactivist/subjectivist approach - 31absolutist approachabsolute standard of behavior that core moral and good, any deviation from these standards constitute deviance
- 32Statistical approachdefines deviance as attitude behaviors or conditions that are statistacally rare
- 33Normative/Objective approachfocus on the violation of norms
- 34reactivist/subjectivist approachfocus on the dynamics of the reaction and evaluation of social audience
- 35intergrated typology of devianceintergrated the normative and the reactivist definition of deviance treats the distinction as a false dichotomy and knowledge that both norms of behavior and social actions and evaluations exist
- 36negative deviancecan range from behavior of most demands to that of the mentally ill to the behavior of substance abusers, to that of individuals with unpopular religions or political stances
- 37Positively evaluatedlabeled such under conformity the John Gotti phenomenon
- 38interactionist perspectivedefines deviance as the infraction of some agreed-upon rule.
Who breaks rules and to search factors in their personalities and life situations that might account for the infraction - 39Hendershotabsolutist perspective on defining deviance - morally based view on what is right and wrong
morally based written laws that stretch from community to community over history - 40Durkheimdeviance is an integral part of all societies because it affirms cultural norms and values
- 41medicalization of devianceit infers that removing intent or motive relieves us from the human element in the decisions we make, the actions we take, and the social structures we create.
- 42anomiethe state of normaleness
- 43Philip Rieffpsychological man was replacing christian man
- 44Quinneydefinition of deviance stems from those who has the power.
the dominant class and the class they dominate - 45social reality of crimethink of crime as it is affected by dynamics that mold society's social, economic, and political structure
- 46official definition of crimecrime as a legal definition of human conduct is created by agents of the dominant class in the politically organized society
- 47formulating definition of crimedefinitions of crime are composed of behaviors that conflict with the interests of the dominant class
- 48applying definitions of crimedefinitions of crime are applied by the class that has the power to shape the enforcement and administration of criminal lawy
- 49How behavior patterns develop in relation to definitions of crimebehavior patters are structured in relation to definitions of crime, and within this context people engage in actions that have relative probabilities of being defined as criminal.
- 50constructing an ideology of crimean ideology of crime is constructed and diffused by the dominant class to secure it hegomony
- 51constructing the social reality of crimethe social reality of crime is constructed by the formulation and application of definitions of crime, development of behavior patterns in relation to these definitions of an ideology of crime.