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BY4
Fichas del conjunto (32)
- 1What is Rhizobium?A nitrogen fixing bacteria
- 2A parasitic wasp may be used to control whitefly populations in a glasshouse. State two reasons why it would be inappropriate to use both a chemical and biological control method at the same timeChemicals are non specific and would kill the wasps
Waste of money - 3List the properties of an organism used for biological control of a pestSpecies highly specific
Long term
No environmental contamination - 4List three density dependant factors that limit the population growthLack of food
Toxic waste
Predation
Parasitism - 5Distinguish between density dependent and density independent factorsDensity dependent = the effect depends on the population size
Density independant = effect is the same no matter what the population size - 6What is meant by the tem 'carrying capacity'?The maximum population size that can be supported by the available resources
- 7Explain the reason for the lag phase during population growthThis is a period of preperation for growth and enzymes are produced by protein synthesis
- 8Explain why plants require nitrateNitrate is combined with the products of phpotosynthesis to form amino acids which are converted to proteions which are required for growth
- 9Give the term for the process of converting ammonium ions to nitrate ionsNitrification
- 10What stage in the nitrogen cycle is this: Dead plants and animals are decomposed into ammonium ionsPutrefaction
- 11What is nitrogen fixation?Ammonia -> nitrites
Nitrites -> nitrates - 12Give an example of free living bacteriaAzotobacter
- 13Which releases more energy, fat or carbohydrate?Fat
- 14What is the difference between an absorption spectrum and action spectrum?Action spectrum = rate of photosynthesis
Absorption spectrum = how much light a particular pigment absorbs at each wavelength - 15Which pigment is found at the reaction centre?Chlorophyll a
- 16What is the source of replacement electrons for photosystem 2?photolysis of water
- 17State two differences between cyclic and non - cyclic photophosphorylationCyclic only involves PS1 and the source of electrons is PS1
Non - cyclic involves both photosystems and the souce of electrons is from water
INCLUDE BOTH SIDES - 18Why is it essential to regenerate ribulose bisphosphate?So that it can accept additional C02, otherwise the cycle wouldn't continue
- 19Name the three shapes of bacteriaBacillus = rod shaped
Cocci = spherical
Spirillium = corkscrew shaped - 20What additional chemical is present in the cell wall of gram negative bacteria?Lipopolysaccharide
- 21What colour would gram negative bacteria stain in the gram stain test?Red
Positive = Purple (P&P) - 22Apart from oxygen, list three other requirements for microbial growthSuitable temperature
Suitable pH
Carbon source/glucose
Nitrogen source - 23Define a pathogena disease causing microbe
- 24What assumption is made when counting bacterial colonies?Each colony developed from a single bacterium
- 25By what process does one cell give rise to a colony?Asexual reproduction
- 26State three advantages of using industrial fermenters- More efficient due to high yield
-Carried out at lower temperatures
-Rapid rate of growth - 27Why is ammonia included as one of the nutrients in fermentation?Ammonia contains nitrogen which is needed to synthesise proteins
- 28Why is the cooling jacket essential to the process of fermentation?To prevent overheating which would denature the enzymes
- 29Define a secondary metaboliteA chemical which is not necessary for the growth of the fungus and is produced after the exponential phase of growth is completed, when glucose is depleted
- 30Name a cell type with a large number of mitochondriaMuscle, liver
- 31Where do the following occur: -Glycolysis -Krebs cycleCytoplasm
Matrix - 32Explain the role of oxygen in the electron transport chainOxygen is the final electron acceptor. Without it electrons would accumulate and the reaction would stop
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- (BY4) Biology Fichas sobre BY4, creado por loopyw el 12/04/2013.
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