Fichas
Unit 4
Fichas del conjunto (15)
- 1Ayer Q) Explain Ayer IntroductionAyer is one of the most influential philosophers of all time, developed in the Vienna School 1930's, scientific evidence based method, claimed to have finished off metaphysics, aesthetics and ethics. As Wittgenstein puts it "philosophy is the handmaiden of science" with logic as its tool for analysing & explaining the world
- 2Ayer Q) Explain Rudolf Otto & William James (Ayer Rejects)Rudolf Otto - R.E. are non-rational and non-sensory its a numinous experience described as "wholly other".
William James - R.E. have two parts mysterium facinas (tendancy to attract/fascinate) or mysterium trendum (tendancy to invoke fear/trembling). Its has four features 1) Transciency (Not sustained for long) 2) Noetic (Insight into the nature of true reality) 3) Passivity (Will is in abeyance) 4) Ineffability (Cannot adequately describe in words) - 3Ayer Q) Explain Richard Swinburnes Arguments (Ayer Rejects)- Cumulative Argument - Several weak arguments put together don't make a strong argument e.g. leaky bucket
- Inductive Argument - R.E. can be found empirically & interpreted non empirically through religious sense
- Principle of Crudelity - If someone says they have experienced god, they have its their personal experience
- Principle of Testimony - If someone explains they have had a religious experience they probably have since no evidence to the contrary - 4Ayer Q) Explain Michael Persinger's God HelmetElectromagnetic waves shot through the temple lobes in the head, explained to give a R.E. Richard Dawkins tried & tested
- 5Ayer Q) Explain how Falsification complements AyerAnthony Flew & Karl Popper - Unless we are willing to accept our belief, we have to accept it could be false. e.g. Parable of Gardiner & Newton's gravity theory
RESPONSE Basil Mitchell's Parable of the Partisan. RESPONSE Richard Swinburne's Toys alive - 6Ayer Q) Explain how Wittgenstein early work complements AyerTracatus associated with verificationism, associated with the 'duckrabbit' R.E. can be ambiguously interpreted. i.e. two people going to church. Religious experiences cannot be used to prove god's existence
- 7Ayer Q) Explain how D.F.Stauss & Bultman disagrees with AyerD.F.Strauss we must find the hidden meaning of the myth itself, to find the actual point of the story.
Bultmann we must strip away the religious language to find Kerygma through the process of Demythologising. to find "the abiding truth of the revelatory" e.g. Noahs Ark - 8Ayer Q) Explain how Ayer's objective meaning goes against NietzscheFor Ayer meaning is objective & exists in the world, for Nietzsche meaning is subjective and doesn't exist in the world. Spoke about in Thus Spoke Zarathustra meaning is thrust upon the world by Ubermensch "transvalue values" & "give meaning to the earth"
- 9Ayer Q) Explain the general implications- Increased secularisation in society
- Reduction of RE in school, college & University. More role for philosophy such as in France
- No reserved seats for bishops in the House of Lords
- Queen no longer head of the church of England
- Meaningless by its own definition - 10Ayer Q) Explain John Hick's eschatological verification in ImplicationsSomething can become meaningful at the end point e.g. Parable of Celestial City
- 11Ayer Q) Explain Kierkegaard's ideas in ImplicationsFor Kierkegaard 'truth is subjectivity' we embody truth in the way we existentially live our lives.
- 12Ayer Q) Explain Peter Vardy's ideas in ImplicationsWhat we think of the world is dependant upon our presuppositions, e.g. seeing the name god in Arabic
- 13Ayer Q) Explain Peter Cole's ideas in ImplicationsWe recognise people more easily in familiar places, nobody has seen god before so he cannot be recognised.
- 14Ayer Q) Explain Ludwig Wittgenstein ideas in ImplicationsLanguage game theory true according to the rules of the game, surface & depth grammar expresses “a passionate commitment to a system of reference”. Surface (Empirical ‘Describes the World’) & Depth (Non Empirical ‘Describes the Individual’) Language game is the speaking part of a form of life
- 15Ayer Q) Explain D.Z.Phillips ideas in ImplicationsReligious language is about morality, not immortality. It is about achieving a certain quality of life rather than extending our existence. Backed by Jesus in the Gospel of Matthew
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- A level [A-Level] Religious Education (RE) Fichas sobre Unit 4, creado por Kieran Deaville el 28/12/2016.
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- Kieran Deaville
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