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Nervous System
Fichas del conjunto (29)
- 1AstrocytesMaintain the correct chemical environment for action potential generation.
Provide nutrients to neurons.
Part of the blood-brain barrier. - 2Vertebral ColumnBony vertebrae stack on top of each other forming vertebral canal in which the spinal cord sits.
- 3Blood Brain BarrierPrevents harmful substances from entering the brain tissue.
Lipid soluble substances and glucose can cross.
Antibiotics and proteins cant cross. - 4Main Functions of Brain StemMedulla oblongata, pons and mid brain.
Continuous with spinal cord.
Contains important processing centers and relays information to and from other brain regions. - 5Cerebrospinal FluidClear colourless liquid that cushions and supports the brain.
transportation of nutrients, waste and chemical messengers.
Free exchange between CSF and brain. - 6Main Functions of DiencephalonThalamus and hypothalamus.
Processing centers for sensory information and centers controlling hormone production, emotions and autonomic functions. - 7Main Functions of CerebellumSecond largest part of the brain.
Coordinates skeletal muscle contraction and regulation.
Posture and balance. - 8Main functions of CerebrumConscious thoughts, memory storage and processing, conscious and subconscious regulation of skeletal muscle.
- 9Chemical SynapseNeurotransmitters.
Slower than electrical synapses. - 10Electrical SynapseCommon in smooth muscle and cardiac muscle.
Impulses conducted via gap junctions. - 11Schwann cellProduces part of the myelin sheath around the PNS neuron.
Assist with regeneration of PNS axons. - 12Satalite cellsProvide structural support.
Regulate exchanges between cell bodies and interstitial fluid. - 13Ependymal CellsLine ventricles of brain and central canal of spinal cord.
Produce, help circulate and monitor cerebral spinal fluid. - 14OligodendrocytesFrom the supporting network around CNS neurons.
Produce myelin sheath around CNS axons. - 15MicrogliaProtect CNS cells from disease from phagocytosis.
Clear away debris and dead cells.
Migrate to areas of injured nerve tissue. - 16Autonomic Nervous SystemCoordinates CVS, respiratory, digestive, urinary and reproductive functions.
Parasympathetic and sympathetic subdivisions.
Antagonistic actions. - 17ProprioceptorsLocated in muscle, tendons, joints and the inner ear.
Provide information about the position of the body posture and movement. - 18InteroreceptorsLocated within the body (in blood vessels, organs, muscles and nervous tissue)
Monitor the internal environment. - 19ExteroreceptorsLocated near the surface of the body.
Provide information about external environment e.g. temperature, pressure, vision. - 20Unipolar NeuronsBegins life as bipolar neurons.
But the axon and dendrite fuse into single process which divides a short distance from the cell body.
Dendrites most commonly function and sensory neurons of the peripheral nervous system. - 21Somatic SensesSomatic PNS.
Conscious perception.
Receptors throughout body - non specialized organs.
Touch, body position, temperature. - 22Visceral SensesAutonomic NS.
Normally not aware of them e.g. O2 content in blood. - 23Bipolar NeuronsHave one axon and one main dendrite.
Can be found in the retina, inner ear and olfactory areas of the brain. - 24Multipolar NeuronsHave one axon and many dendrites.
Are common in brain and spinal cord. - 25SynapseSite at which one neuron communicates with another cell.
- 26DemyelinationLoss of the myelin sheath insulating nerves.
Conduction signals along the nerve can be lost or impaired. - 27MyelinA lipid/protein covering found around most axons.
- 28SympatheticWhen fully active produces 'fight or flight' response.
Increased alertness and metabolic activities. - 29ParasympatheticResponsible for the state of 'rest and digest'.
Energy conservation of digestive activities.
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- Human Physiology and Anatomy Fichas sobre Nervous System, creado por izzy-whizzy el 08/05/2013.
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- izzy-whizzy
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