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Functionalism

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1Key Ideas- mainly interested in the positive functions ed performs for society & economy
-for society to survive it needs social solidarity (same norms, beliefs & aims)
-important in the role of teaching individuals norms of society
- allocates individuals into work roles that match their abilities
2Durkheim-linking individuals and society (feel they are members of a larger group)
-learning social rules (school = miniature version of society)
-specialist work skills
3Parsons-learning "universalistic values" (no allowances made for behaviour - particularistic values)
-learning the fundamental values of society
-allocating pupils into future work and social roles
4Criticisms-relationship between society and individuals is a one way process with schools educating people in the interests of society. Interactionists show not as simple as individual pupils & teachers negotiate meanings.
-assumes agreement over basic values. Others suggest different social groups have different values (marxist = transmits ruling class values)
-doubtful that schools teach work skills as some school subjects have little real world value
5Further criticisms-assumption the ed system is meritocratic, persisting class inequalities indicate this is not the case
-educationalists argue that it should allow pupils to develop their individual abilities via progressive (not instructional) teaching