1.2 Computer Components

1.2 Computer Components

1. Memory(RAM)

   • RAM, ROM, Cache
   • RAM is used to TEMPORARILY store information that is currently in use by the computer. This can include anything from word documents to videos.
   • ROM is usd to PERMANENTLY store instructions that tell the computer how to boot(start up)
     • ROM is also used to load the operating system, eg. windows

2. Ports

   • A physical docking point which an external device can be connected to the computer.
     • Ports are slots on the motherboard into which a cable of external device is plugged in.
   • USB, Fireware, SATA, Network, Fibre channel
   • External devices that can connect are monitor, speakers, microphone, keyboard

3. Storage

   • Secondary storage devices are used to store data that is not instantly needed by the computer
     • Secondary storage devices permanently store data and programs for as long as we need.
       • These devices are also used to back-up data in case original copies are lost or damaged.
   • hard drive, solid state, flash, cloud

4. Processors

   • The Central Processing Unit (CPU) is the brain of the computer.
     • The CPU controls what the computer does and is responsible for performing calculations and data processing.
       • It also handles the movement of data to and from system memory

5. Expansion cards

   • An expansion card is a Printed Circuit Board(PCB) that fits into an expansion slot on a desktop computer.
     • An expansion card is used to give a computer additional capabilities, such as enhanced video performance via a graphics card.
   • Video card and graphics card
   • Graphics cards are hardware devices that plug into the motherboard and enables the computer to display images on the monitor.

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