Chapter 1 - Atomic structure and Periodic table

Chapter 1 - Atomic structure and Periodic table

1. All elements can be found inside the periodic table.

   • An element is a substance that cannot be brokn down.

2. Compounds are a substance that contains 2 or more different types of atoms.

   • Magnesium + Chlorine ---> Magnesium Chloride

3. ...ate means oxygen is involved in the reaction

4. Electricity can break compounds apart

5. MgO(2) is a formulae

   • Mg is in group 2
     • Oxygen is diatomic - O(2)
       • It is in group 6
   • This adds up to 8 and it has a full outer shell. It is Happy :)

6. If 2 or more elements join be sharing electrons , it is a molecule

7. Mixtures are more than one type of atom not chemically joined. This means they can easily be separated from eachother

8. Filtration - This technique separates a insoluble liquid from a solid. One beaker contains solid and liquid , the other is filter paper.The mixtueres are both poure din and the solid will be left behind, the solid will not.

9. Crystallisation can be used to separate a solid dissolved in liquid.

10. Distillation is separating out liquids with different boiling points

11. Chromatograpghy is separating out the different coloured inks.

12. Theories of the atom

    • 1. 400 BC, Democritus suggested the atom was a group of small particles that could not be divided.
      • 2. John Dalton, 200years after suggested the atom was a "billiard ball" that could not be divided
        • 3.1897 ,JJ. Thompson discovered the electron and said the electrons were embedded in a ball of positive charge, like a Plum Pudding.
          • 4. 1909 Geiger and Marsden found interesting results and with Ernest Rutherford, they discovered that the atom had a nucleus and Rutherford said that it has a positive charge in the centre where the mass is concentrated and much was empty space . This is the nuclear model
            • 5. 1913, Niels bohr used

13. Elecron has a negative charge, Proton has a positive charge and Neutron hasn't got a charge.

14. Relative Atomic mass mass can be found by : (Mass of first Isotope x %of first Isotope) x (mass of 2nd Isotope x % of second Isotope)

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