Networks

Networks

1. Advantages

   • Hardware and software can be shared
   • Data can be shared
   • Networked computers can communicate
   • Networked computers can be controlled by a network manager
   • Storage on a server is easier to back up

2. Disadvantages

   • High cost of cabling and setting
   • Viruses can spread quickly
   • Hackers may gain unauthorised access
   • Networks can fail to work properly causing lack of access to data, hardware and software

3. File Server

   • Computer that holds files that can be used by other computers on same network

4. Client-server network

   • Network that has one computer as a file server

5. Peer-to-peer network

   • All computers are of equal importance

6. Topologies

   • Bus
     • Advantages
       • Cheap to setup
       • If computer fails, networks still works
     • Disadvantages
       • Data speed is slow
       • If cable breaks, no computer can access
   • Star
     • Advantages
       • If cable/computer breaks all other computers can access file server
       • Direct access to file server means access is fast
     • Disadvantages
       • Expensive to install due to cable
       • If file server fails, all computers are affected
   • Ring
     • Advantages
       • Cheap to setup
       • Data speed is continuos so no data collisions
     • Disadvantages
       • If any computers/cables break, it can affect the whole network

7. Intranet

   • Network with similar services to the internet but only available in one company
   • Extranet
     • Part of an intranet that can be accessed by authorised outsiders

8. World Wide Web

   • The collection of multimedia info or resources on the internet

9. Netowrk Protection

   • Unauthorised access
     • Usernames and passwords
     • Firewalls
     • Access rights
   • Viruses
     • Firewall
     • Antivirus software

10. Components

    • Switch
      • Filters data packets and forwards them between segments
    • Network Interface Card (NIC)
      • Hardware installed inside computer or peripheral that allows devices to connect to a wired network
    • Gateway
      • Allows an LAN to connect to a WAN
    • Router
      • Forwards data packets along a network and determines best path
    • Bridge
      • Connects one LAN to another

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