LDCs

LDCs

1. Economic

   • Incomes less than $800 per year
   • Poor trade links
     • Unable to sell their goods to wealthy developed countries such as the UK and US.
   • High levels of debt
     • High debt and high interest means they are never able to get out of the vicious circle.
   • Produce and export low profit goods
     • They cut wood for lumber and sell it as a raw resource rather than chnaging it into high end goods such as funature.
   • Trade deficit
     • The spend more on importing than exporting therefore losing more money than they can get.
   • Over reliance on exporting
     • They require more money so begin to sell more but at the cost of the countries health e.g. sell large amounts of grain but not have enough for its own populus leading to a famine.

2. Political

   • No demographic government
     • A dictatorship means that the corruption and development is all controlled by one man and therefore without local intervention the development wont ever change.
   • Political corruption
     • This reduces the ability to change a country as the ones who are corrupt are those in charge therefore creating a barrier for development. this also reduces fund that can be used to improve education, healthcare and infastructure

3. Demographic

   • Disease
     • Disease can spread fast with war, a lack of doctors and poor sanitation and could be preventable given the funds and aid needed.
   • High IMR
     • A high infant mortality rate shows the level of healthcare and that it is poor as many children die early in life usually from health related illness .
   • High Birth rate
     • A high birth rate can lead to famine, overcrowding and effect other areas of society like healthcare and education.
   • High Death rate
     • A high death rate can be caused by war, disease, poor sanitation and healthcare.

4. Social

   • Low literacy rate
     • A low literacy rate can be caused by the poor educational system within a country. This then effects other levels of development such as wealth, healthcare and way of life.
   • Inequality
     • Men and women are usually treated differently and women are often refused work and are unable to be educated.
   • Low levels of educatrion
     • Due to the poor income of the country it is unable it improve the educational system so there are less schools and resources leading to a lack of educated citizens.
   • War and conflict
     • The introduction of war in a country can lead to large amounts of death, the spread of disease, famine,displacement and negative relations within the country and surrounding neighbours.
   • Poor sanitation
     • The poor sanitation leads to the problems of health is an increase in diseases which can usually lead to death in the most extreme cases.
   • High people per doctor
     • A high level of people per docter means that being able to see on can be very difficult leading to increased levels of death and disease that could have been preventable.
   • Low life expectancy
     • A low life expectancy can be caused by the combination of several issues like poor healthcare, education, sanitation and diet.

5. L= Low income criterion

   • D= Human resource weakness
     • C= Economic Unreliability

6. The majority of LDCs are in africa, mainly Sub Saharan Africa like Chad ande Angola. This is because they are still primaraly an agricultural society and have not industrialised due topoverty and lack of development. There is an anomaly within the 48 least d3eveloped countries with Haiti as it is the poorest country in the Western Hemisphere and the only one in the Carribbean.