Circulatory System

Circulatory System

1. Heart

   • Diagram:
   • Size of clenches fist
     • Between lungs, under sternum, tilted to left
       • 4 chambers: 2 ventricles (receiving), 2 atria (pumping out)
         • Heart rate: Child - 90 -120, Adult - 72
           • lub-DUB sound made by valves opening and closing
             • Valves: prevent backflow of blood - move in 1 direction

2. Blood Vessels

   • Arteries
   • Arterioles
     • Walls: Very thick (high pressure)
       • Blood: Oxygenated
         • Direction: From Heart To Body
   • Veins
     • Walls: Thick (<Arteries)
       • Blood: Deoxygenated
         • Direction: To Heart From Body
           • Extras: Have valves
   • Venules
   • Capillaries
     • Walls: Thin - transfer nutrients, gasses, etc.
       • Blood: Both
         • Direction: Both

3. Blood

   • Plasma
     • RBC
       • WBC
         • Platelets
           • Cell fragments
           • Clotting
         • Fight harmful microbes and bacteria
         • Part of immune system
       • No nucleus - biconcave (more space for gasses)
       • Transports gas
       • Red - Haemoglobin pigment (iron component)
     • Transport medium
     • Clear
   • Fluid Tissue

4. Diseases

   • High Blood Pressure (Hypertension)
     • Heart Attack
       • Stroke

5. Transports - nutrients, oxygen to all body cells - waste substances to excretory organs

   • Kidneys, lungs, skin, colon

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