THE INTERNAL STRUCTURE OF PROKARYOTE

THE INTERNAL STRUCTURE OF PROKARYOTE

1. PLASMA MEMBRANE

   • Function
     • responsible for controlling what gets into and out of the cell
     • Synthesizes cell wall components
     • Assists in DNA replication
     • Captures energy as ATP
     • Carries on respiration
   • structure
     • phospholipid bilayer with proteins embedded in and attached to the intracellular and extracellular surfaces
     • often have two plasma membranes with a space between them known as the periplasm

2. CYTOPLASM

   • substance of the cell inside the plasma membrane
   • Gel-like, yet fluid (80% Water)
   • Biologists discovered that prokaryotic cells have a complex and functional cytoskeleton, helps to divide and helps the cell maintain its plump, round shape

3. NUCLEOID (DNA)

   • contains the main DNA material
   • bacterial chromosome, bacteria often contain small circular, double-stranded DNA molecules called plasmid
   • Plasmic do not contain genetic material essential for growth (limited)

4. RIBOSOMES

   • Protein synthesis
   • Have about half of the amount of ribosomal RNA (rRNA)
   • Can be inhibited by certain antibiotics

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