HF Overview

HF Overview

1. CO = HR x SV

   • Preload
     • EDV
   • Afterload
     • Pressure in the arteries the heart has to overcome
   • Contractility
     • Strength of pump
   • EF
     • % of blood the heart pumps each beat

2. Stages of HF

   • I-IV
     • I
       • Asymptomatic
     • II
       • Symptomatic w/ Moderate Exercise
     • III
       • Symptomatic w/ Minimal Exercise
     • IV
       • Symptomatic at Rest
   • A-D
     • A
       • No structural changes, but at risk.
     • B
       • Structural Changes w/o S/S
     • C
       • Structural changes & S/S
       • Start Medicinal Tx
         • 1st Line
     • D
       • Advanced Structural Changes & S/S

3. Classifications

   • *** Based on EF
     • HFrEF
       • Reduced d/t noncompliant (?dilated) LV
     • HFpEF
       • Preserved EF d/t LVH

4. HF Compensation Mechanisms

   • Heart structure Remodeling
   • SNS
   • RAAS
   • Natriuertic Peptides