The Concept Of Physical Activity

The Concept Of Physical Activity

1. Physical Activity

   • Potential Benefits
     • For Young People
       • Healthy growth and development of musculoskeletal and cardiorespiratory system.
       • Maintain of health-energy balance
       • Avoid risk of coronany heart disease, such as high blood pressure
       • Opportunity for social interaction, achievement and increase in esteem
       • Less likelihood of being involved in illegal drugs, alcohol or smoking
     • For adults participating as a child
       • Maintain of optimum body weight in childhood reduces risk of obesity in adulthood
       • Maximisation of bone development can reduce later risk of osteoporosis
       • Maintenance of childhood aerobic fitness potentially has a benifical effect on adult risk or cardiovascular disease
   • Participation
     • Government targets to increase part-
       • Enhance the take-up ofschool young people aged 5-16 by making a min of 2 hours of pe on school curriculum
       • Halt the year-on-year increase in obesity amoing children under 11 by 2010
       • By 2008, increase by 3% the amount of people who participate in active sports at least 12 times a year
   • An Umbrella Term surrounding any activity that requires an individual to exert a certain amount of energy, resulting in an increase in heart rate
     • Examples of Physical Activities
     • Participating on a recreational basis and/or performing within a more competitive and organised sporting structure
       • Walking, skipping and playing games, to outdoor and adventurous activities, such as skiing and canouing

2. Factors Contributing to a sedentary Lifestyle

   • There is a larger variety of leisure activities available, such as the TV and video games
   • Safety risks of young people being away from parents control
   • Children walk to school less than they should
   • Curricular and extracurricular time given to Physical Activity has decreased
   • Female girls levels drop due to social pressure and the perception of sport being unfeminine

3. Barriers between participation and young people

   • Lack of time
   • Cost of activity
   • Media perception of some sports
   • Discrimination
   • Location you live in
   • Safety Constraints
   • Poor self image/body image
   • Competing leisure interests - too many sports to choose from
   • School club links
   • Competitiveness

4. Recreation

   • Physical
     • These are physical activities which are done for a variety of reasons/benefits at a relatively unsophisticated level
       • E.g. A fun game of badminton
     • Benfits
       • Physical, mental and personal. e.g. stress relief, enjoyment, to social
   • Outdoor
     • Physical recreation in the natural environment
       • E.g. a country walk
   • Characteristics
     • Freedom, Free time, No obligations, Range of activities and Self expression

5. Education

   • Pysical
     • The learning of physical, personal, preparatory and qualitative values through formal physical activities in schools
     • Benfits
       • Preparation for leisure
       • Learn skills
       • Develop creativity
       • Team work
   • Outdoor
     • Young people learning in and about the natural environment. Outdoor Education is part of PE involving risk/safety
     • Benefits
       • Physical health and skill learning, Personal and social development prep for active leisure and enhancement of quality of life

6. Sport

   • An organised competitive and skilful physical activity requiring commitment and fair play
     • E.g. playing seriously for a local, regional or national team

7. Leisure Time

   • This is referred to as the surplus time. (Time left over when practical necessities such as work, sleep and other needs have been attended to.

8. Classification Of Sporting Activities

   • Conditional Activities
     • Designed to improve the physical and mental conditions of performer
   • Athletic
     • Includes track and field activities. Judged on measuring (Time, Weight)
       • E.g. Weightlifting, OAA
   • Aesthetic
     • Body is used as form of art, repetition of a movement pattern
       • E.g. Gymnastics
   • Competitive games + sport
     • Finding out who is the best
       • E.g. Fighting, invasion

9. Risks

   • Percieved
     • Risk is created in the mind
       • Created to show sense of adventure
   • Real
     • Participator is in actual danger
       • Avoided by careful preperation