Computing

Computing

1. Storage Devices

   • Internal Storage
     • Storage that is built into the main computer unit
   • Removable Storage
     • Storage that can be disconnected from the main computer unit, for example to transfer files between computers.
   • Secondary storage
     • A device that is used to store data when it is not in use, including after the computer has been switch off.
   • Solid state drive
     • Storage that works by storing the data in electronic circuits.

2. Software

   • Memory managment
     • A function of the operating system that involves allocating memory to programs and data which are being used.
   • Anti-Virus
     • A utility that searches for and removes any viruses on a computer.
   • Device driver
     • System software that is used by the operating system to contol peripheral devices.
   • Firewall
     • A utility or device that monitors the traffic between a computer and the internet and only allows connections that are authorised.

3. Computing hardware

   • Binary number
     • A number consisting only of binary digits.
   • Denary number
     • A number that uses the denary digits from 1 to 10.
   • Digital circuit
     • An electronic circuit based on binary numbers, where the presence or absence of electricity in any part of the circuit is represented by the digits ‘1’ and ‘0’.
   • Logic gate
     • A special circuit that allows a specific output depending on the inputs. A processor is made up of millions of these circuits.

4. Networks

   • Client server
     • Network in which the server computers provide services for the client workstations.
   • Hub
     • Device that channels a number of input signals into one output line.
   • LAN & WAN
     • LAN- Local area network WAN- wide area network
   • Peer to peer
     • Network in which all the computers are of equal status
   • NIC
     • Network interface card/controller
   • Packet
     • A unit of data sent on a packet switching network.
   • Topology
     • The layout of a network