topic 3 revision homework

topic 3 revision homework

1. Programs that run on a computer which control and make use of the hardware

2. The program instructions are loaded into the primary memory (RAM) from a secondary storage device and these instructions are fetched and executed one after another by the CPU.

3. System software is software that is written to control and make use of the hardware. It acts as an intermediary between the user and the hardware and also between the applications and the hardware

4. Applications are what computer uses buy computers for. These are programs which do the real world tasks that users want. Applications need to make use of system software in order to make the hardware do what is required.

5. operating system

   • The operating system is a large collection of programs that tells the hardware what to do.
   • provides memory management
   • provides a user interface
   • manage hardware

6. A multi-tasking operating system can appear to run many applications at one time. I.e. typing in a word processor and listening to music.

7. Single user operating system This type of operating system only has to deal with one person at a time, running one user application at a time.

8. a GUI is the most popular form of interface it allows the user to click on icons to do tasks

   • a CLI is another type of interface where the user must type instructions in order to complete tasks

9. A computer virus is a software program that is designed to copy itself over and over and attach itself to other programs.

   • Viruses do not damage the computer hardware. They affect the data and the programs stored on the computer.
   • malware= software containing a virus
   • trojan Pretend they are useful but secretly do bad things such as, take screen shots and log keystrokes.
   • worms Spread through the computer network and soak up bandwidth and computer time
   • adware Keeps track of adverts and puts them on your browser.

10. The anti-virus software contains a database of known viruses. Every time a file is opened, the anti-virus utility checks the content, looking for hidden viruses against its database.

11. A firewall is a utility program (or it can also be a hardware device) that filters the information coming through the internet connection into your personal computer or into a company’s network. Its main aim is to try to stop any attempts by intruders to enter your system through the internet connection.