COPD

Nota:

• A common preventable and treatable disease. Characterized by persistent airflow limitation and is usually progressive, associated with enhanced chronic inflammatory response to noxious particles or gases.

1. emphysema
   1. structural changes --> alevoli destruction and reduced elasticity
   2. abnormal enlargement of airspaces
2. Chronic Bronchitis
   1. symptoms: "wet, junky cough"
      1. cough
      2. sputum production
      3. ongoing for at least 3 months, for 2 consecutive years
   2. structural changes

      Nota:

      • -smooth muscle hyperplasia -inflammation -bronchial wall thickening - mucous gland enlargement -ciliary abnormalities