Cells

Cells

1. Specialised Cells

   • Sperm
     • Whip like tail to propel, Streamlined body, release dissolving enzymes to break egg, contain many mitochondria so they have energy to swim.
   • Red Blood Cell
     • Large surface area so it can carry more oxygen, thin membrane allows oxygen to pass in + out easily
   • Leaf cell
     • Packed with chloroplasts. Regular shaped, closely packed cells form a continuous layer for efficient absorption of sunlight

2. Animal Cell

   • Nucleus
     • It contains the DNA of the cell, and controls it's growth and reproduction.
   • Cytoplasm
     • Maintains shape and consistency of the cell. All the chemical reactions take place in this area.
   • Cell membrane
     • Encloses the cytoplasm of the cell, regulates the passage of substances in/out of the cell. This process happens using diffusion. It's semi-permeable.

3. Plant cells

   • Nucleus
   • Vacuole
     • Removes unwanted substances from the cell. Keeps in turgid.
   • Cytoplasm
   • Chloroplasts
     • Food making structure (green colour because they contain chlorophyll) which absorb the sun's energy and convert it to chemical energy (photosynthesis)
   • Cell wall
     • Protection, and shapes the cell. Made up of cellulose.
   • Cell membrane
   • Mitochondria
     • Known as 'the power house' of the cell. It acts like a digestive system, breaking down food for energy etc